Penyakit Alzheimer didiagnosis melalui kombinasi metode, termasuk evaluasi medis yang teuliti, tes kognitif dan neuropsikologis, pencitraan otak, dan proses eliminasi penyebab laen yang mungken.
1. Evaluasi medis: Dokter akan melakukan pemeriksaan fisik dan mengambil riwayat medis yang rinci untuk mengesampingkan kemungkinan penyebab laen kehilangan memori atau penurunan kognitif, lage masalah tiroid, kekurangan vitamin, atau tumor otak.
2. Tes kognitif dan neuropsikologis: Tes nyo geu nilai memori, bahasa, pemecahan masalah, dan fungsi kognitif laen untuk geu tentukan tingkat gangguan kognitif dan geu bedakan antara kehilangan memori yang normal terkait usia dan demensia.
3. Pencitraan utak: Pencitraan resonansi magnetik (MRI) atau pemindaian tomografi terkomputer (CT) jeut membantu mengidentifikasi perubahan struktural di utak yang jeut mengindikasikan peunyaket Alzheimer.
Imbas tomografi emisi positron (PET) jeut chit dipakek untuk geu uko tingkat protein terteunte nyang terkait deungen peunyaket Alzheimer.
4. Tes darah: Penelitian baro-baro nyo dipeudeh bahwa tes darah terteunte jeut membantu mendiagnosis peunyaket Alzheimer deungen meukat tingkat protein atau biomarker spesifik yang terkait deungen peunyaket.
5. Proses eliminasi: Karena hana tes definitif tunggal untuk peunyaket Alzheimer, diagnosis seureng melibatkan pengecualian kemungkinan penyebab laen dari gejala lage demensia.
Penting untuk taingat bahwa diagnosis definitif peunyaket Alzheimer hanya jeut dipeuget lheuh mate melalui pemeriksaan jaringan utak.
Namun, metode diagnostik saat nyoe jeut ji berikan tingkat kepastian yang tinggi untuk diagnosis klinis seulama ureung nyan manteng udep.
Diagnosis awai peunteng untuk mulai perawatan dan perencanaan keu masa ukeu.
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Rubin R: New Test to Help Diagnose Alzheimer Disease. JAMA. 2022, 327 (23): 2281.
[Blood Based Biomarker for Optimization of Early and Differential Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Dementia]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2022, 90 (7-08): 326-335.
Kapp MB: Physicians' legal duties regarding the use of genetic tests to predict and diagnose Alzheimer disease. J Leg Med. 2000, 21 (4): 445-75.
Britschgi M, Wyss-Coray T: Blood protein signature for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol. 2009, 66 (2): 161-5.
Volicer L, Berman SA, Cipolloni PB, Mandell A: Persistent vegetative state in Alzheimer disease. Does it exist? Arch Neurol. 1997, 54 (11): 1382-4.
Imabayashi E, Saitoh Y, Tsukamoto T, Sakata M, Takano H: Combination of Astrogliosis and Phosphorylated Tau for the Preclinical Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease Using 3-Dimensional Stereotactic Surface Projection Images With 18 F-THK5351. Clin Nucl Med. 2022, 47 (12): 1066-1068.
Martínez A, Lahiri DK, Giacobini E, Greig NH: Advances in Alzheimer therapy: understanding pharmacological approaches to the disease. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2009, 6 (2): 83-5.
['Peuneugah: medis']
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['Informasi nyang geubri hana jeut dipakek untuk mendiagnosis atau meuobati masalah kesehatan atau peunyaket, dan awak nyang mita nasehat medis pribadi harus berkonsultasi deungen dokter berlisensi.']
['Neuronal net nyang ji peuhase jawaban keu pertanyaan, khusus jih hana akurat wate ji peugah tentang konten numerik. miseu jih, jumlah ureung nyang ji diagnosa deungen peunyaket tertentu.']
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How is alzheimer diagnosed?
Alzheimer's disease is diagnosed through a combination of methods, including a thorough medical evaluation, cognitive and neuropsychological tests, brain imaging, and the process of elimination of other possible causes.
1. Medical evaluation: A doctor will perform a physical examination and take a detailed medical history to rule out other possible causes of memory loss or cognitive decline, such as thyroid problems, vitamin deficiencies, or brain tumors.
2. Cognitive and neuropsychological tests: These tests assess memory, language, problem-solving, and other cognitive functions to determine the extent of cognitive impairment and to differentiate between normal age-related memory loss and dementia.
3. Brain imaging: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans can help identify structural changes in the brain that may indicate Alzheimer's disease.
Positron emission tomography (PET) scans can also be used to measure the levels of certain proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease.
4. Blood tests: Recent research has shown that certain blood tests can help diagnose Alzheimer's disease by measuring the levels of specific proteins or biomarkers associated with the disease.
5. Process of elimination: Since there is no single definitive test for Alzheimer's disease, diagnosis often involves ruling out other possible causes of dementia-like symptoms.
It is important to note that a definitive diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease can only be made after death through an examination of brain tissue.
However, current diagnostic methods can provide a high level of certainty for a clinical diagnosis while the person is still alive.
Early diagnosis is important for starting treatment and planning for the future.
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