6. Alcoholani umañanak umaña: Alcoholani umañanaka umañajj cáncer de mama usumpiw apjjatasi.
7 Jani wali jañchinïña: Jukʼamp jathïñajj jukʼamp jan waltʼayistaspawa, yamas chacha warminakajj jan usuriptjjapjjani ukhajja, jukʼamp jan waltʼayasiñanakaw utjarakini.
8. Jan walinakan uñjasisajj janiw chʼamachasjjtanti.
9 Radioterapia: Radioterapiajj jukʼamp jan waltʼayaspawa, yamas wawanakajj ukham usuntasipkakiwa.
10. Ñuñunakap wali chʼullqhiptayaña: Ñuñunakap wali chʼullqhiptayat warminakajja, cáncer de mama usumpiw jukʼamp jan waltʼayasipjje.
11. Warminakan nayrïr kuti phaxsi wilanïpjjatapa: 12 maranïkasa, jan ukajj 55 maranïkasa, jan ukajj 60 maranïkas phaxsi wilanïpki ukanakajja, jukʼamp jan walinakanwa uñjasipjje.
Ak amtañaw wakisi, may jan ukax walja factores de riesgo utjki ukax janiw sañ munkiti maynix cáncer de mama ukanipuniw sartayaskaspati, janirakiw factor de riesgo jan utjki ukax sañ munkarakiti maynix cáncer de mama ukanipuniw sartayaskaspati.
Ukampirus uka factores de riesgo uñt'añax sapa maynirus yanapt'aspawa, amtawinak amtañataki, ukhamat jan usuntañataki.
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Frankl G: Risk factors in breast cancer: are they important, are they the same in pre- and post-menopausal breast cancer patients? Oncology. 1980, 37 (1): 41-5.
Ho PJ, Lau HSH, Ho WK, Wong FY, Yang Q, Tan KW, Tan MH, Chay WY, Chia KS, Hartman M, Li J: Incidence of breast cancer attributable to breast density, modifiable and non-modifiable breast cancer risk factors in Singapore. Sci Rep. 2020, 10 (1): 503.
Barnard ME, Boeke CE, Tamimi RM: Established breast cancer risk factors and risk of intrinsic tumor subtypes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015, 1856 (1): 73-85.
Hines LM, Risendal B, Slattery ML, Baumgartner KB, Giuliano AR, Sweeney C, Rollison DE, Byers T: Comparative analysis of breast cancer risk factors among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women. Cancer. 2010, 116 (13): 3215-23.
Rosner B, Glynn RJ, Eliassen AH, Hankinson SE, Tamimi RM, Chen WY, Holmes MD, Mu Y, Peng C, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Tworoger SS: A Multi-State Survival Model for Time to Breast Cancer Mortality among a Cohort of Initially Disease-Free Women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2022, 31 (8): 1582-1592.
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There are several risk factors for breast cancer, some of which are modifiable and others that are not.
Here are some of the most common risk factors:
1. Age: The risk of developing breast cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in women over the age of 50.
2. Family history: Having a close relative, such as a mother, sister, or daughter, with breast cancer increases your risk.
3. Genetic mutations: Certain inherited gene mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
4. Reproductive history: Early menarche (start of menstruation), late menopause, and having no children or having the first child after age 30 can increase the risk.
5. Hormone replacement therapy: Long-term use of combined estrogen and progesterone hormone therapy after menopause can increase the risk.
6. Alcohol consumption: Drinking alcohol increases the risk of breast cancer.
7. Obesity: Being overweight or obese increases the risk, especially after menopause.
8. Physical activity: Lack of physical activity can increase the risk.
9. Radiation exposure: Exposure to high doses of radiation, particularly during childhood, can increase the risk.
10. Breast density: Women with dense breasts have a higher risk of developing breast cancer.
11. Menstrual history: Women who started menstruating early (before age 12) or went through menopause late (after age 55) have a slightly higher risk.
12. Breastfeeding: Women who have never breastfed have a slightly higher risk of developing breast cancer.
It is important to note that having one or more risk factors does not mean that a person will definitely develop breast cancer, and not having any risk factors does not guarantee that a person will not develop breast cancer.
However, understanding these risk factors can help individuals make informed decisions about their health and potentially reduce their risk.
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