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Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is caused by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the colon or rectum.
The exact cause of colon cancer is not known, but several factors can increase the risk of developing the disease.
These include:
1. Age: The risk of colon cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in people over the age of 50.
2. Family history: A personal or family history of colon cancer or polyps increases the risk of developing the disease.
3. Inherited syndromes: Certain inherited genetic syndromes, such as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), can increase the risk of colon cancer.
4. Lifestyle factors: A diet high in red and processed meats, obesity, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of colon cancer.
5. Inflammatory bowel disease: Long-term inflammatory bowel diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, can increase the risk of colon cancer.
6. Type 2 diabetes: People with type 2 diabetes have an increased risk of developing colon cancer.
7. Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy for other cancers in the abdomen can increase the risk of colon cancer.
8. Race: African Americans have a higher risk of developing colon cancer than other races.
It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not necessarily mean that a person will develop colon cancer, and some people who develop colon cancer may not have any known risk factors.
Regular screening and early detection can help prevent colon cancer or detect it at an early stage when it is most treatable.
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