Lung cancer ngu ai gaw, ndai zawn re ai ana ni hpe sawk sagawn nna chye lu ai:
1. Machyi makaw hte seng nna shawng de chye wa ai lam ni hte hkum hkrang jep ai lam: Tsi sarawun gaw, nang hta byin ai machyi kumla ni, nang hta lai wa sai aten hta nang hpa nanghpam lu ai lam ni hte, na nta masha ni hta, sin machyi ai lam ni nga wa ai hpe san na re.
Dai hta n-ga, ana a kumla nga ai kun n nga ai kun hpe mung san jep ya na re.
2. Sumla ni hpe yu ai lam: Lunghkrung hte makau grup yin hpe atsawm mu lu na matu, sinda hta X-ray hte CT scan ni hpe lang ma ai.
Ndai lam ni gaw, sin machyi ai lam hpe madun ai, nma (sh) nma kap ai lam ni hpe mu lu ai.
3. Kan hta kap ai ana (sputum cytology): Kan hta kap ai ana (lung) hpe microscope hte yu nna, cancer ana hpe mu lu ai.
4. Hkum hkrang hpe jep yu ai lam (Biopsy): Hkum hkrang hta cancer ana n nga ai hpe chye lu hkra, sinat kaji hte yu ai.
Dai hpe bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, shing nrai surgery hte galaw mai ai.
5. Bronchoscopy: Nsa lam hte sai lam hpe sawk yu na matu, nmai hte n-gup hku nna, sinat hte sumla dem da ai lamik kumla madun ai lamik kumla langai mi hpe bang ya ai.
Ndai ladat hpe biopsy galaw na matu sai la na matu mung mai lang ai.
6. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA): Sinwa hta kap ai ana hpe jep na matu, sinwa kaji langai hpe dai kaw bang ya ai.
7. Lunghkrung kata na sai hpe tsing hte shaw la nna, ana n kap ai hpe jep ai.
8. Sai jep ai lam: Sai jep ai lam hkrai sha, nbung sin machyi ai hpe n chye lu tim, machyi ai wa a hkamja lam hpe chye lu nna, ana byin ai lam madun ai lam ni hpe chye lu ai.
9. Bone scan, MRI, PET scan hte kaga san jep ai lam ni: Dai zawn san jep ai lam ni gaw, hkum hkrang a kaga daw de cancer ana chyam bra wa sai kun? ngu ai hpe chye lu ai.
Lung cancer ana mu jang, kaga ana ni hpe mung jep yu ra ai.
Ndai sawk sagawn ai lam ni hta, CT scan, bone scan (nra) positron emission tomography (PET) scan zawn re ai, sumla ni hpe grau nna sawk sagawn ai lam ni lawm ai.
Zhou P, Lu F, Wang J, Wang K, Liu B, Li N, Tang B: A portable point-of-care testing system to diagnose lung cancer through the detection of exosomal miRNA in urine and saliva. Chem Commun (Camb). 2020, 56 (63): 8968-8971.
Ni J, Guo Z, Zhang L: [The diagnostic significance of single or combination lung cancer-related serum biomarkers in high risk lung cancer patients]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2016, 55 (1): 25-30.
Nishiyama N, Nakatani S, Iwasa R, Taguchi S, Inoue K, Kinoshita H: [Differential diagnosis between peripheral lung cancer invading the chest wall and chest-wall tumors]. Kyobu Geka. 1997, 50 (10): 893-7.
Kang C, Wang D, Zhang X, Wang L, Wang F, Chen J: Construction and Validation of a Lung Cancer Diagnostic Model Based on 6-Gene Methylation Frequency in Blood, Clinical Features, and Serum Tumor Markers. Comput Math Methods Med. 2021, 2021 (): 9987067.
Heydari F, Rafsanjani MK: A Review on Lung Cancer Diagnosis Using Data Mining Algorithms. Curr Med Imaging. 2021, 17 (1): 16-26.
Li L, Feng T, Zhang W, Gao S, Wang R, Lv W, Zhu T, Yu H, Qian B: MicroRNA Biomarker hsa-miR-195-5p for Detecting the Risk of Lung Cancer. Int J Genomics. 2020, 2020 (): 7415909.
Li B, Yuan Q, Zou YT, Su T, Lin Q, Zhang YQ, Shi WQ, Liang RB, Ge QM, Li QY, Shao Y: CA-125, CA-153, and CYFRA21-1 as clinical indicators in male lung cancer with ocular metastasis. J Cancer. 2020, 11 (10): 2730-2736.
Magee ND, Villaumie JS, Marple ET, Ennis M, Elborn JS, McGarvey JJ: Ex vivo diagnosis of lung cancer using a Raman miniprobe. J Phys Chem B. 2009, 113 (23): 8137-41.
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How is lung cancer diagnosed?
Lung cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Medical history and physical examination: The doctor will ask about your symptoms, smoking history, and family history of lung cancer.
They will also perform a physical examination to check for any signs of the disease.
2. Imaging tests: Chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans are commonly used to create detailed images of the lungs and surrounding structures.
These tests can help detect abnormalities, such as tumors or nodules, that may indicate the presence of lung cancer.
3. Sputum cytology: A sample of your sputum (mucus coughed up from the lungs) is examined under a microscope to look for cancer cells.
4. Biopsy: A sample of lung tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
This can be done through a bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, or surgical biopsy.
5. Bronchoscopy: A thin, lighted tube with a camera is inserted through the nose or mouth and down the throat to examine the airways and lungs.
This procedure can also be used to collect tissue samples for biopsy.
6. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA): A thin needle is inserted into the lung nodule or mass to collect a sample of cells for examination.
7. Thoracentesis: Fluid is removed from the space between the lungs and chest wall using a needle, and the fluid is then examined for cancer cells.
8. Blood tests: While blood tests alone cannot diagnose lung cancer, they can help determine the overall health of the patient and identify any abnormalities that may indicate the presence of cancer.
9. Bone scan, mri, pet scan, and other tests: These tests may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once lung cancer is diagnosed, additional tests may be performed to determine the stage of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.
These tests may include more imaging tests, such as a CT scan of the brain, bone scan, or positron emission tomography (PET) scan.
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