How is Colon cancer diagnosed?

Ese iyi kanseri ifata ite?

Kanseri y'igifu isuzumwa hifashishijwe ibizamini n'uburyo butandukanye, harimo:

1.Kwisuzumisha: Umuganga azasuzuma umubiri w'umurwayi kugira ngo arebe niba nta kintu kidasanzwe kirimo cyangwa niba nta bimenyetso by'uburwayi afite.

2. Gupima amaraso: Gupima amaraso bishobora gutuma bamenya niba amaraso afite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose kigaragaza ko arwaye kanseri.

3. Gusuzuma ko amaraso yavuye mu musarani: Gusuzuma ko amaraso yavuye mu musarani bishobora kugaragaza ko umuntu afite kanseri y'igifu.

4. Gusuzuma ibihaha: Ubwo ni uburyo bwo gusuzuma ibihaha, aho bashyira mu kibuno umwenge muto ufite urumuri n'icyuma gifotora.

Mu gihe cyo gusuzuma ibihaha, umuganga ashobora no gufata ibizamini by'umubiri kugira ngo arebe niba nta ngirabuzimafatizo za kanseri ziriho.

5. Sigmoïdoscopie: kimwe n'iyo mu nda, sigmoïdoscopie isuzuma igice cyo hasi cy'urwagashya.

6. Gusuzuma mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga: ni uburyo bwo gupima ibihaha hakoreshejwe orudinateri, maze hagakorwa ishusho y'ibihaha n'urura runini.

7. Gupima amaraso yo mu musarani: Ubu buryo bwo gupima bugaragaza niba mu musarani harimo amaraso, ibyo bikaba bishobora kugaragaza ko umuntu arwaye kanseri.

8. Gushyira mu mubiri wa bariyumu ibipimo bibiri: Ubwo ni uburyo bwo gupima mu nda n'ururabo hakoreshejwe icyuma gifata amafoto kugira ngo barebe niba hari aho bitameze neza.

9. Gufata ibizamini: Gufata ibizamini ni ugukura igice gito cy'igifu kugira ngo ukirebere mu cyuma cyabugenewe kugira ngo urebe niba nta ngirabuzimafatizo za kanseri zirimo.

10. Gusuzuma ibihaha: umuntu ashobora kwifashisha uburyo bwo gupima bwa CT, MRI na X-ray kugira ngo barebe niba kanseri yageze mu bindi bice by'umubiri.

Iyo muganga amaze kumenya ko urwaye kanseri y'igifu, amenya igihe igeze, bikaba byamufasha guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuyivura.

Kugira ngo umuntu amenye uko ikibyimba giteye, biterwa n'ubunini bwacyo, aho giherereye n'uko gikwirakwiriye mu bindi bice by'umubiri.

['Ibitabo']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Su Y, Tian X, Gao R, Guo W, Chen C, Chen C, Jia D, Li H, Lv X: Colon cancer diagnosis and staging classification based on machine learning and bioinformatics analysis. Comput Biol Med. 2022, 145 (): 105409.

Khan FA, Albalawi R, Pottoo FH: Trends in targeted delivery of nanomaterials in colon cancer diagnosis and treatment. Med Res Rev. 2022, 42 (1): 227-258.

Shi J, Fei J, Yi Q, Shen L, Wan B, Chen Y, Chang Q: Treatment of colon cancer in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report. BMC Cancer. 2018, 18 (1): 961.

Ren QG, Huang T, Yang SL, Hu JL: Colon cancer metastasis to the mandibular gingiva with partial occult squamous differentiation: A case report and literature review. Mol Clin Oncol. 2017, 6 (2): 189-192.

Feng HT, Zou S, Chen M, Xiong F, Lee MH, Fang L, Tang BZ: Tuning Push-Pull Electronic Effects of AIEgens to Boost the Theranostic Efficacy for Colon Cancer. J Am Chem Soc. 2020, 142 (26): 11442-11450.

Slattery ML, Kerber RA: The impact of family history of colon cancer on survival after diagnosis with colon cancer. Int J Epidemiol. 1995, 24 (5): 888-96.

Tada M: [Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer]. Rinsho Byori. 1990, 38 (4): 403-6.

['Icyitonderwa: ubuvuzi']

["Uru rubuga rwashyiriweho kwigisha abantu no kubaha amakuru gusa, ntirutanga inama ku birebana n'ubuvuzi cyangwa ngo rukore nk'ikigo gitanga serivisi z'ubuvuzi."]

["Amakuru atangwa n'iyi porogaramu ntagomba gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma cyangwa kuvura ikibazo cy'uburwayi cyangwa indwara runaka, kandi abashaka inama z'ubuvuzi bagombye kugisha inama umuganga ubifitiye uburenganzira."]

['Nyamuneka menya ko imbuga nkoranyambaga zitanga ibisubizo kubibazo, ntabwo zifite ukuri mugihe kijyanye numubare. Kurugero, umubare wabantu basanzwemo indwara runaka.']

["Buri gihe ujye usaba inama umuganga wawe cyangwa undi muntu wemewe mu bijyanye n'ubuzima ku bijyanye n'uburwayi. Ntuzigere wirengagiza inama z'abaganga cyangwa ngo utinde kuzisaba bitewe n'ikintu wasomye kuri uru rubuga. Niba utekereza ko ufite ikibazo cyihutirwa, hamagara 911 cyangwa ujye ku ivuriro rikwegereye. Nta mubano hagati y'umuganga n'umurwayi ukorwa n'uru rubuga cyangwa ikoreshwa ryarwo. Yaba BioMedLib cyangwa abakozi bayo, cyangwa undi muntu wese wagize uruhare kuri uru rubuga, nta gihamya batanga, yaba igaragara cyangwa itagaragara, ku bijyanye n'amakuru atangwa hano cyangwa ikoreshwa ryayo."]

["Ibirego: uburenganzira bw'umuhanzi"]

["Itegeko ryo mu 1998 ryerekeye uburenganzira bw'ibihumbi by'ibihumbi by'ibihumbi by'ibihumbi, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (DMCA) ritanga ubujurire ku bafite uburenganzira bw'umuhanzi bemera ko ibintu bigaragara kuri interineti bibangamira uburenganzira bwabo hakurikijwe amategeko y'uburenganzira bw'umuhanzi muri Amerika. "]

['Niba wemera ko ibintu cyangwa ibikoresho byashyizwe ku rubuga rwacu cyangwa serivisi bitubahiriza uburenganzira bwawe, wowe (cyangwa umuhagarariye) ushobora kutwoherereza ubutumwa udusaba ko ibyo bintu cyangwa ibikoresho bikurwaho, cyangwa ko utabikoresha.']

['Itangazo rigomba koherezwa mu nyandiko kuri interineti (reba ahanditse "Kwitaba" kugira ngo ubone aderesi ya interineti). ']

["DMCA isaba ko imenyesha ryawe ry'ikirego cyo kuvutswa uburenganzira rikubiyemo amakuru akurikira: (1) ibisobanuro by'igikorwa kirengera uburenganzira bw'umuhanzi kivugwaho kuvutswa uburenganzira; (2) ibisobanuro by'ibikubiyemo bivugwa ko ari ukurenga ku mategeko n'amakuru ahagije atuma dushobora kubona ibikubiyemo; (3) amakuru yo kuguhamagaraho, harimo aderesi yawe, nomero ya terefone na aderesi imeyiri; (4) inyandiko yawe ivuga ko ufite icyizere ko ibikubiyemo mu buryo bwatanzwe nta burenganzira bifite na nyiri uburenganzira bw'umuhanzi, cyangwa umukozi we, cyangwa mu mategeko ayo ari yo yose; "]

["(5) inyandiko yawe isinyweho, uhanishwa kubeshya, yemeza ko amakuru ari mu itangazo ari ukuri kandi ko ufite ububasha bwo kurengera uburenganzira bw'umuhanzi uvugwaho kubwamburwa; "]

["kandi (6) umukono usanzwe cyangwa wa elegitoroniki w'ufite uburenganzira ku nyandiko cyangwa uw'umuntu wabiherewe uburenganzira bwo gukora mu izina ry'ufite uburenganzira ku nyandiko. "]

['Kudatanga amakuru yose yavuzwe haruguru bishobora gutuma ikibazo cyawe gitinda gukemurwa.']

['Uko twavugana na we']

['Ohereza imeri ikibazo / igitekerezo.']

How is colon cancer diagnosed?

Colon cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:

1. Physical examination: A doctor will perform a physical examination to check for any abnormalities or signs of illness.

2. Blood tests: Blood tests can help determine if there are any abnormalities in the blood that may indicate the presence of cancer.

3. Stool tests: A stool test can detect the presence of blood in the stool, which may be a sign of colon cancer.

4. Colonoscopy: This is a procedure in which a thin, flexible tube with a light and camera on the end is inserted into the rectum to examine the colon.

During a colonoscopy, the doctor can also take tissue samples (biopsies) to be examined for cancer cells.

5. Sigmoidoscopy: Similar to a colonoscopy, a sigmoidoscopy examines the lower part of the colon.

6. Virtual colonoscopy: This is a CT scan of the colon that creates a 3D image of the colon and rectum.

7. Fecal occult blood test: This test checks for the presence of blood in the stool, which may indicate the presence of cancer.

8. Double-contrast barium enema: This is an x-ray examination of the colon and rectum, in which a contrast material is used to highlight any abnormalities.

9. Biopsy: A biopsy is the removal of a small amount of tissue from the colon for examination under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.

10. Imaging tests: CT scans, MRI scans, and chest x-rays may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.

Once a diagnosis of colon cancer is made, the doctor will determine the stage of the cancer, which helps determine the best course of treatment.

Staging is based on the size and location of the tumor, as well as whether it has spread to other parts of the body.

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