How is Breast cancer diagnosed?

['Wande ruwu adǝ fanne']

Jilibi men kwasa kansabe njitibe notәyin?

Kwasa kansabe nyiyabe dә jarabtәwa-a duluwuwa-a shawaabe men tuwandimba, surodən:

1. Kulashi ngәrәmbe liyitabe: Liyitabe ngәrәmwa dә kulassin nәm samin so dәlan nәm ngәrәm ngәrәm ba ro, nәm kura au siffa faltә ro, au awowa gade laa kalkal gәnyi ro.

2. Mammogram: X-ray tiyibe doni awo laa waatǝnzǝ tǝmatǝnyi ma fǝlejin kau tǝmatǝyin ma.

3. Ultrasound: Jarabtә doni dunowa kowobe faidatә tiyi njitibe foto tandәmin ma, shi doni kambil dә dunowa au njiya sәmbuluwuna ro asutәro banajin ma.

4. MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning dәn na konnu lantәrkibe-a radio waves-a faidatә fotowa tiyi njitibe ngәlaro sutuluyin.

5. Biopsy: Tiyi njitibe gana laa tutuluyin kuru microscope lan kulashiya celuwa kansabe mbeji la ba ro asutә nankaro.

6. Kulashi buye: Kulashi buye laa, jili jili asutin buye au alama kwasa tumoye, waneyi katap kansabe notәro au kurun dio dә notәro dimin.

7. Kulashi jinbe: Sa yalla ndasoyen kwasa kansabe tiyibe mbeji maa, kulashi jinbe tәdin gene faltә waratatin ma mbeji ro asutә nankaro shido kwasa kansabe tiyibe suwudin ma ngәwujin ma.

8. Bone scan, CT scan, au PET scan: Jarabtǝ fotobe anyi kansa dǝ nasha gadero tartǝgǝnyi asutǝro tǝdin.

Sa kwasa kansabe tiyibe notǝnama dǝn, jarabtǝwa gade so mowonzǝ katapwa kwasa kansabe-a jiliwanzǝ-a notǝro sadin, shi doni katapwa kurunbe gotayin dǝro banazǝyin ma.

['Wutəgə']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Zahoor S, Lali IU, Khan MA, Javed K, Mehmood W: Breast Cancer Detection and Classification using Traditional Computer Vision Techniques: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Med Imaging. 2020, 16 (10): 1187-1200.

Dewar MA, Love N: Legal issues in managing breast disease. Postgrad Med. 1992, 92 (5): 137-40, 143-4, 149-51 passim.

Donepudi MS, Kondapalli K, Amos SJ, Venkanteshan P: Breast cancer statistics and markers. J Cancer Res Ther. , 10 (3): 506-11.

Sazuka T, Miyazawa Y, Tochigi T, Hirano A, Mori M, Kosugi C, Shuto K, Kasahara K, Hiroshima Y, Matsuo K, Tanaka K, Yamazaki K, Koda K, Matsubara H: [A Case of Rectal Metastasis from Breast Cancer Diagnosed Two Years after Surgery]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2017, 44 (12): 1254-1256.

Yan J, Liu Z, Du S, Li J, Ma L, Li L: Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer in the Precision Medicine Era. Methods Mol Biol. 2020, 2204 (): 53-61.

Cong J, Wei B, He Y, Yin Y, Zheng Y: A Selective Ensemble Classification Method Combining Mammography Images with Ultrasound Images for Breast Cancer Diagnosis. Comput Math Methods Med. 2017, 2017 (): 4896386.

Cui R, Wang C, Zhao Q, Wang Y, Li Y: Serum Carboxypeptidase N1 Serves as a Potential Biomarker Complementing CA15-3 for Breast Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2020, 20 (17): 2053-2065.

['Kәlanzәma ro cistәgә: liita']

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['Bayanwa yitagattәgәna so dә kwasa laa au kwasa laa asutu au kurun dio ro faidatәmba, kuru am doni shawaria liyitaye mazayin so dә dokta lasisatәna ro manatә saadin.']

['Martәne netәram kәrәnbe do korowa dә ro jawawu suwudin dә, taganasmaro kalkal gәnyi sa lamba isәna dәn. Misallo, nәm nguwu am doni kwasa laa taganasbe shiro asuzana ma.']

["Sambi so ro shawari kam litari nәm au kam gade nasha nәlewabe nozәna ma ye la'atar ro matәne. Shawari kam litaribe nozәna ma ro tәmmaro hangal gәnyi gәnane au sha matә lan loktu gozәnyi awo laa website adәn kәrәnәmma yen. Nyiye kurun nәlewabe batәrammin maa, talfon 911 lan buwoze au njim liwalabe karungu ma ro lenәme. Alaka nәlewa-a dondibe ba ma tuwandin web site adә men au shilan faidatәmen. BioMedLib-a cidawunzә-a, au kam do web site adә ro banazәyin-aye, affima bayanzәna au manazәna ma sadimba, bayanwa suro adәben tuwandin au shilan faidatәmen."]

['Kәlanzәma ro cistәgә: hakku']

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['Suro nәm kәla nәm ngәla yen awo laa au kare laa kәla intanetndeyen au cidawandeyen mbejiye hakku nәm kakkadi ruotәbe nyiro kalzәna ma ye mbeji maa, nyi (au wakkilnәm) andero watiya zuwune awo au kare dә tutuluwu, au na dәro nazәgә dә tutuluwu.']

["Zande so dә ruwo lan zuzaiya, email men (adәretәm emailye dә nasha 'Lam'atarro manәmin)"]

['DMCA ye məradənzə bayan kəla nzətkawo kərmaabedəbe bayanwa anyi surodən mbejiro: (1) bayan kəla cida nzətkawobe dunonzə dunonzə kaltəgəbe dunonzə kaltəgəbe; (2) bayan kəla awoa zortəbe dunonzə kaltəgəbe dunonzə kuru bayan kəzəkə andeya səkə awoadəga fandəmin; (3) bayan kəlanəm lamba fantəbe, suro nzəranəm-a, lamba telehonbe-a kuru email-be-a; (4) bayan kəlanəmbe kəla nyiye tawatkənənde kəla awoa zortəbe dunonzə kaltəgəbe dunonzəye dunonzəye səkə au wakilinzəye, au shara laabe səkə; ']

['(5) bayan nyima, kalima jirebero, ruwotәgәna, bayan suro watiyade dә kalkalzәna kuru nyiye hakku kәlanzәbe hakkuwa ləbtәma soye warmatәgәbe dәga nonәmma;']

['kuru (6) mukko dunowa au lantarkibe hakkiwa ləbtamabe au kam laaye wakil zəben cida sədənabe. ']

['Bayanna samibe samma kәltәgә nyiye mowonzә zәktә lamar buruwunәmye gәrәmin.']

['Lǝtǝram']

['Martәne ande ro watiya emailye lan koro/shawari laa manane.']

How is breast cancer diagnosed?

Breast cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:

1. Clinical breast exam: A healthcare professional will examine the breasts for any lumps, changes in size or shape, or other abnormalities.

2. Mammogram: An x-ray of the breast that can detect abnormalities even before they can be felt.

3. Ultrasound: A test that uses sound waves to create an image of the breast tissue, which can help determine if a lump is solid or filled with fluid.

4. MRI: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the breast tissue.

5. Biopsy: A small sample of breast tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.

6. Blood tests: Certain blood tests, such as a complete blood count or tumor markers, may be done to help determine the stage of the cancer or to monitor treatment.

7. Genetic testing: If there is a family history of breast cancer, genetic testing may be done to determine if there is an inherited gene mutation that increases the risk of developing breast cancer.

8. Bone scan, CT scan, or PET scan: These imaging tests may be done to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.

Once a diagnosis of breast cancer is made, further tests may be done to determine the stage and grade of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.

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