Urticaria, ouch bekind es netelroos, is 'n huidtoestand die weurt gekenmerkt door 't versjiene vaan roed, jeukende en gezwolle strieke op de huid.
't Kin weure veroorzaak door versjèllende factore, boe-oonder allergische reacties, infecties en bepaolde mediciene.
De diagnose van urticaria behels 'n combinatie vaan medische historie, lichamelek oonderzeuk en soms laboratoriumteste.
1. Medische historie: De dokter zal vraoge nao de medische historie vaan de patiënt, inclusief bekinde allergieje, recente krankheid en mediciene die heer heet genome.
Ze zulle ouch vraoge euver 't begin vaan de symptome, de duur en eventuele triggers.
2. Fysiek oonderzeuk: De dokter zal de huid oonderzeuke op de aonwezigheid vaan strieke, hun groete en verspreiding.
Ze kinne ouch kieke nao aander teikes vaan 'n allergische reactie, wie zwelling vaan 't gezich, de lippe of de tong.
3. Laboratoriumonderzeuke: In sommege gevalle kin de dokter bloodonderzeuke bestèlle um te controlere op allergieje of infecties.
Huidsteste, wie 'n huidprikstès of pleisterstès, kinne ouch weure oetgeveurd um specifieke allergene te identificere.
4. Allergie-tests: Es de dokter 'n allergische reactie vermoedt, kinne ze de patiënt verwieze nao 'ne allergist veur wijer tests.
Dit kinne huidpriktes, pleistertests of bloodtes zien um specifieke allergene te identificere.
5. Differentiële diagnose: De dokter zal ouch aandere meugeleke oorsake vaan de symptome oonderzeuke, zoe wie aander huidkrenkinge of oonderligkende medische condities, en kin extra teste bestèlle um die oet te sluite.
6. Provocatietoetse: In gevalle vaan fysieke urticaria, boe de netelroos weurt oetgelok door fysieke prikkels wie wermte, kou of drök, kin de dokter 'n provocatietoets oetveure um de diagnose te bevestige.
Dit behels 't blootstèlle vaan de huid aon de verdachte trigger um te zien of 'n reactie optrejt.
7. Auto-immuun-tèsse: In gevalle vaan chronische urticaria kin de dokter teste bestèlle um te kieke of d'r auto-immuun-aandoeningen zien, umtot dit soms de oorzaak kin zien.
8. Beeldteste: In zeldzaom gevalle kinne beeldteste wie 'n röntgen- of CT-scan weure bestèld um aander krenkdes oet te sluite die vergeliekbare symptome kinne veroorzake.
De diagnose van urticaria behels euver 't algemein 'n combinatie vaan medische historie, lichamelek oonderzeuk en soms laboratoriumteste.
't Doel is de oonderligkende oorzaak te identificere en de bèste behandeling veur de patiënt te bepaole.
Torabi B, Ben-Shoshan M: The association of cholinergic and cold-induced urticaria: diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2015, 2015 (): .
Schoepke N, Doumoulakis G, Maurer M: Diagnosis of urticaria. Indian J Dermatol. 2013, 58 (3): 211-8.
Hochstadter EF, Ben-Shoshan M: Cold-induced urticaria: challenges in diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2013, 2013 (): .
Ensina LF, Brandão LS, Neto HC, Ben-Shoshan M: Urticaria and angioedema in children and adolescents: diagnostic challenge. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2022, 50 (S Pt 1): 17-29.
Silvestre Salvador JF, Giménez-Arnau AM, Gómez de la Fuente E, González Del Castillo J, Martínez Virto AM, Miguens Blanco I, Serra-Baldrich E, Llorens P: Managing urticaria in the emergency department: recommendations of a multidisciplinary expert panel. Emergencias. 2021, 33 (4): 299-308.
Visitsuntorn N, Tuchinda M, Arunyanark N, Kerdsomnuk S: Ice cube test in children with cold urticaria. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 1992, 10 (2): 111-5.
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How is urticaria diagnosed?
Urticaria, also known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by the appearance of red, itchy, and swollen welts on the skin.
It can be caused by a variety of factors, including allergic reactions, infections, and certain medications.
Diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
1. Medical history: The doctor will ask about the patient's medical history, including any known allergies, recent illnesses, and medications taken.
They will also inquire about the onset of symptoms, their duration, and any potential triggers.
2. Physical examination: The doctor will examine the skin for the presence of welts, their size, and distribution.
They may also check for other signs of an allergic reaction, such as swelling of the face, lips, or tongue.
3. Laboratory tests: In some cases, the doctor may order blood tests to check for the presence of allergies or infections.
Skin tests, such as a skin prick test or patch test, may also be performed to identify specific allergens.
4. Allergy tests: If the doctor suspects an allergic reaction, they may refer the patient to an allergist for further testing.
This may include skin prick tests, patch tests, or blood tests to identify specific allergens.
5. Differential diagnosis: The doctor will also consider other possible causes of the symptoms, such as other skin conditions or underlying medical conditions, and may order additional tests to rule these out.
6. Provocation tests: In cases of physical urticaria, where the hives are triggered by physical stimuli such as heat, cold, or pressure, the doctor may perform a provocation test to confirm the diagnosis.
This involves exposing the skin to the suspected trigger to see if a reaction occurs.
7. Autoimmune tests: In cases of chronic urticaria, the doctor may order tests to check for autoimmune disorders, as these can sometimes cause the condition.
8. Imaging tests: In rare cases, imaging tests such as an X-ray or CT scan may be ordered to rule out other conditions that may cause similar symptoms.
Overall, diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
The goal is to identify the underlying cause and determine the best course of treatment for the patient.
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