Kateri so dejavniki tveganja za Alzheimerjevo bolezen?
Obstaja več dejavnikov tveganja za Alzheimerjevo bolezen, vključno z:
1. Starost: Tveganje za nastanek Alzheimerjeve bolezni se s starostjo poveča, večina ljudi pa je diagnosticirana po 65. letu starosti.
2. Genetika: Če imate v družini Alzheimerjevo bolezen ali nosite določene gene, kot je gen APOE-e4, lahko povečate tveganje za nastanek bolezni.
3. Poškodba glave: Zgodovina hude poškodbe glave ali večkratnih pretresov možganov lahko poveča tveganje za Alzheimerjevo bolezen.
4. Srčno-žilno zdravje: Bolezni, ki vplivajo na srce in krvne žile, kot so visok krvni tlak, visok holesterol, sladkorna bolezen in debelost, lahko povečajo tveganje za Alzheimerjevo bolezen.
5. Dejavniki življenjskega sloga: Kajenje, prekomerno uživanje alkohola in pomanjkanje telesne vadbe lahko povečajo tveganje za Alzheimerjevo bolezen.
6. Kognitivna neaktivnost: Pomanjkanje duševne stimulacije in nizka raven izobrazbe lahko povečata tveganje za Alzheimerjevo bolezen.
7. Motnje spanja: Motnje spanja, kot je spalna apneja, lahko povečajo tveganje za Alzheimerjevo bolezen.
8. Psihološki dejavniki: Depresija, stres in socialna izolacija lahko povečajo tveganje za Alzheimerjevo bolezen.
Pomembno je omeniti, da prisotnost enega ali več teh dejavnikov tveganja ne pomeni nujno, da bo oseba razvila Alzheimerjevo bolezen, nekateri ljudje brez znanih dejavnikov tveganja pa lahko še vedno razvijejo bolezen.
Vendar pa lahko razumevanje teh dejavnikov tveganja posameznikom pomaga, da sprejmejo ukrepe za zmanjšanje tveganja in spodbujanje zdravja možganov.
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Kivipelto M, Helkala EL, Laakso MP, Hänninen T, Hallikainen M, Alhainen K, Iivonen S, Mannermaa A, Tuomilehto J, Nissinen A, Soininen H: Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele, elevated midlife total cholesterol level, and high midlife systolic blood pressure are independent risk factors for late-life Alzheimer disease. Ann Intern Med. 2002, 137 (3): 149-55.
Bidzan L: [Initial symptoms and risk factors in Alzheimer's dementia]. Psychiatr Pol. , 28 (2): 207-19.
Gorelick PB: Risk factors for vascular dementia and Alzheimer disease. Stroke. 2004, 35 (11 Suppl 1): 2620-2.
Kummer BR, Diaz I, Wu X, Aaroe AE, Chen ML, Iadecola C, Kamel H, Navi BB: Associations between cerebrovascular risk factors and parkinson disease. Ann Neurol. 2019, 86 (4): 572-581.
Luchsinger JA, Reitz C, Honig LS, Tang MX, Shea S, Mayeux R: Aggregation of vascular risk factors and risk of incident Alzheimer disease. Neurology. 2005, 65 (4): 545-51.
Opozorilo: medicinsko
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What are the risk factors for alzheimer?
There are several risk factors for Alzheimer's disease, including:
1. Age: The risk of developing Alzheimer's disease increases with age, with most people being diagnosed after the age of 65.
2. Genetics: Having a family history of Alzheimer's disease or carrying certain genes, such as the APOE-e4 gene, can increase the risk of developing the disease.
3. Head injury: A history of severe head trauma or multiple concussions may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
4. Cardiovascular health: Conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and obesity, may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
5. Lifestyle factors: Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and lack of physical exercise may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
6. Cognitive inactivity: A lack of mental stimulation and low levels of education may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
7. Sleep disorders: Sleep disorders, such as sleep apnea, may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
8. Psychological factors: Depression, stress, and social isolation may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not necessarily mean that a person will develop Alzheimer's disease, and some people with no known risk factors may still develop the disease.
However, understanding these risk factors can help individuals take steps to reduce their risk and promote brain health.
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