Sladkorna bolezen lahko prizadene ljudi vseh starosti, ras in spolov.
Vendar pa lahko nekateri dejavniki povečajo tveganje za nastanek sladkorne bolezni, vključno z:
1. Družinska zgodovina: Če ima starš ali brat ali sestra sladkorno bolezen, se poveča tveganje za nastanek bolezni.
2. Starost: Tveganje za sladkorno bolezen tipa 2 se poveča, ko ljudje postarajo, še posebej po 45. letu starosti.
3. Teža: Prekomerna telesna teža ali debelost povečuje tveganje za nastanek sladkorne bolezni tipa 2.
4. Fizična neaktivnost: Pomanjkanje redne telesne aktivnosti lahko poveča tveganje za sladkorno bolezen tipa 2.
5. Rasa in etnična pripadnost: Nekatere rasne in etnične skupine, kot so Afroameričani, Hispanski/Latinski Američani, Indijanci, Azijski Američani in prebivalci pacifiških otokov, imajo večje tveganje za razvoj sladkorne bolezni tipa 2.
6. Gestacijski sladkorna bolezen: Ženske, ki so imele gestacijski sladkorno bolezen med nosečnostjo, imajo večje tveganje, da bodo kasneje v življenju razvile sladkorno bolezen tipa 2.
7. Sindrom policističnih jajčnikov (PCOS): Ženske s PCOS imajo povečano tveganje za razvoj sladkorne bolezni tipa 2.
8. Prediabetes: Pri ljudeh s prediabetesom je raven glukoze v krvi višja od normalne, vendar ni dovolj visoka, da bi se diagnosticirala sladkorna bolezen.
Imajo povečano tveganje za nastanek sladkorne bolezni tipa 2.
9. Visok krvni tlak: Visok krvni tlak (hipertenzija) lahko poveča tveganje za nastanek sladkorne bolezni tipa 2.
10. Nenormalna raven holesterola in trigliceridov: Visoka raven holesterola in trigliceridov lahko poveča tveganje za sladkorno bolezen tipa 2.
11. Zgodovina srčno-žilnih bolezni: Ljudje z zgodovino srčno-žilnih bolezni so izpostavljeni povečanemu tveganju za razvoj sladkorne bolezni tipa 2.
Pomembno je omeniti, da čeprav lahko ti dejavniki povečajo tveganje za razvoj sladkorne bolezni, ne bodo vsi, ki imajo te dejavnike tveganja, razvili bolezni.
Spremembe življenjskega sloga, kot so zdrava prehrana, ohranjanje zdrave telesne teže in redna telesna aktivnost, lahko pomagajo zmanjšati tveganje za nastanek sladkorne bolezni.
Swift S, White S: Could islet transplantation be a potential cure for diabetes? Nurs Times. , 99 (15): 48-9.
Anderson BJ: Who benefits from intensive therapy in type 1 diabetes? A fresh perspective, more questions, and hope. Diabetes Care. 2003, 26 (7): 2204-6.
Lisenby KM, Meyer A, Slater NA: Is an SGLT2 inhibitor right for your patient with type 2 diabetes? J Fam Pract. 2016, 65 (9): 587-93.
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Who gets diabetes?
Diabetes can affect people of any age, race, or gender.
However, certain factors can increase the risk of developing diabetes, including:
1. Family history: Having a parent or sibling with diabetes increases the risk of developing the condition.
2. Age: The risk of type 2 diabetes increases as people get older, especially after the age of 45.
3. Weight: Being overweight or obese increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
4. Physical inactivity: Lack of regular physical activity can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.
5. Race and ethnicity: Certain racial and ethnic groups, such as African Americans, Hispanic/Latino Americans, Native Americans, Asian Americans, and Pacific Islanders, have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
6. Gestational diabetes: Women who have had gestational diabetes during pregnancy are at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
7. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Women with PCOS have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
8. Prediabetes: People with prediabetes have blood glucose levels higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed with diabetes.
They are at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
9. High blood pressure: Having high blood pressure (hypertension) can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
10. Abnormal cholesterol and triglyceride levels: High cholesterol and triglyceride levels can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.
11. History of cardiovascular disease: People with a history of cardiovascular disease are at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
It is important to note that while these factors can increase the risk of developing diabetes, not everyone with these risk factors will develop the condition.
Making lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet, maintaining a healthy weight, and engaging in regular physical activity, can help reduce the risk of developing diabetes.
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