O le pathophysiology o le fatu e pē ai le fatu, e taʻua foʻi o le myocardial infarction, e aofia ai le motusia o le tafe o le toto i se vaega o le fatu, ma iʻu ai ina mamate sela o le fatu.
E masani ona tupu lenei mea ona o le poloka o se alatoto o le fatu ona o se toto ua pisia, lea e masani ona māfua mai i le atherosclerosis, o se tulaga e faaputuputu ai mea e faaleagaina ai alatoto.
O le mea e maua ai le plaque, o le cholesterol, o gaʻo, o otaota o sela, o le calcium, ma le fibrin.
Pe a pā se mea e taʻua o se plaque, e mafai ona tupu ai se toto e toʻa, ma poloka ai le alatoto ma taofia ai le toto e tele le okesene mai le oo atu i le fatu.
O le leai o se okesene e māfua ai ona mamate sela o le fatu, ma oo ai i le fatu māliu.
O le telē o le faaleagaina e faalagolago i le telē o le vaega o loo maua ai le toto mai le alatoto ua punitia, ma le umi o le taimi na tupu ai le maʻi ma le togafitiga.
O āuga o le fatu e mafai ona aofia ai le tigā o le fatafata, lē lelei o le mānava, niniva, niniva, ma tigā i lima, ua, auvae, po o le tua.
O togafitiga mo le maʻi fatu e masani lava ona aofia ai le toe faafoʻisia o le tafe o le toto i le maso o le fatu i se taimi vave e mafai ai, e ala i fualaau po o ni faiga e pei o le angioplasty ma le stenting po o le coronary artery bypass surgery.
E tāua le mātauina e faapea, e lavelave le pathophysiology o le fatu ma e aofia ai le tele o vala, e aofia ai vala tau kenera, o le olaga, ma vala o le siʻosiʻomaga.
O vala e ono aafia ai i le fatu e pei o le toto maualuga, maualuga le cholesterol, ulaula, maʻi suka, lapoʻa tele, lē lava le faamalositino, ma le iai o se aiga e maua i le maʻi fatu.
O le puleaina o nei tulaga e ono lamatia ai, e mafai ona faaitiitia ai le ono aafia i le maʻi fatu.
Scott J: Pathophysiology and biochemistry of cardiovascular disease. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2004, 14 (3): 271-9.
Liu Chung Ming C, Sesperez K, Ben-Sefer E, Arpon D, McGrath K, McClements L, Gentile C: Considerations to Model Heart Disease in Women with Preeclampsia and Cardiovascular Disease. Cells. 2021, 10 (4): .
Hansen J, Victor RG: Direct measurement of sympathetic activity: new insights into disordered blood pressure regulation in chronic renal failure. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 1994, 3 (6): 636-43.
LaMacchia JC, Roth MB: Aquaporins-2 and -4 regulate glycogen metabolism and survival during hyposmotic-anoxic stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2015, 309 (2): C92-6.
Tham YK, Bernardo BC, Ooi JY, Weeks KL, McMullen JR: Pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure: signaling pathways and novel therapeutic targets. Arch Toxicol. 2015, 89 (9): 1401-38.
Lonn E: The clinical relevance of pharmacological blood pressure lowering mechanisms. Can J Cardiol. 2004, 20 Suppl B (): 83B-88B.
['Faamatalaga: faafomaʻi']
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What is pathophysiology of heart attack?
The pathophysiology of a heart attack, also known as myocardial infarction, involves the disruption of blood flow to a part of the heart muscle, leading to the death of heart cells.
This typically occurs due to the obstruction of a coronary artery by a blood clot, which is often the result of atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up in the arteries.
The plaque is made up of cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular waste products, calcium, and fibrin.
When a plaque ruptures, it can cause a blood clot to form, which can block the artery and prevent oxygen-rich blood from reaching the heart muscle.
This lack of oxygen causes the heart muscle cells to die, leading to a heart attack.
The extent of the damage depends on the size of the area supplied by the blocked artery and the time between the attack and treatment.
Symptoms of a heart attack can include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, nausea, lightheadedness, and pain in the arms, neck, jaw, or back.
Treatment for a heart attack usually involves restoring blood flow to the heart muscle as quickly as possible, either through medication or procedures such as angioplasty and stenting or coronary artery bypass surgery.
It is important to note that the pathophysiology of a heart attack is complex and involves multiple factors, including genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors.
Risk factors for heart attack include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, obesity, lack of physical activity, and a family history of heart disease.
Managing these risk factors can help reduce the likelihood of experiencing a heart attack.
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