Kasi ni vinthu wuli ivyo vingapangiska kuti munthu wasuzgike na nthenda ya mtima?
Pali vinthu vinandi ivyo vingapangiska nthenda ya mtima, nga ni:
1. Unandi wa vilimika: Para munthu wakukura, wakuŵa pangozi comene ya kulwara nthenda ya mtima, comenecomene para wafika vilimika 45 ku ŵanalume na 55 ku ŵanakazi.
2. Kolesterol yinandi: Kolesterol yinandi ya LDL (iyo ni yiheni) na HDL (iyo ni yiwemi) yingapangiska kuti munthu wasuzgike na nthenda ya mtima.
3. Kutumphuka kwa ndopa: Para ndopa zikukwera comene, vingambiska nthenda ya mtima.
4. Nthenda ya shuga: Ŵanthu awo ŵali na nthenda iyi ŵakusuzgika comene na mtima cifukwa ca umo shuga wakunangira misipa ya ndopa.
5. Kuŵa na thupi litali panji kututuŵa comene: Munthu uyo wali na thupi litali wangakoleka na nthenda ya mtima cifukwa ca kuŵa na suzgo la kuthiska ndopa ndiposo matenda gha shuga.
6. Kuleka kucita maseŵero: Kuleka kucita maseŵero ghakukhozga thupi kungapangiska kuti munthu wasuzgike na mtima ndiposo kuti waŵe na suzgo la mtima.
12. Matenda agho ghakucitiska thupi kutondeka kujivikilira: Matenda nga ni lupus na rheumatoid arthritis ghangacitiska ŵanakazi kuŵa na suzgo la mtima.
13. Masuzgo agho ghakuŵapo para mwanakazi wali na nthumbo: Ŵanakazi awo ŵakulwara nthenda ya shuga panji kuthamanga kwa ndopa para ŵali na nthumbo, ŵangazakalwara nthenda ya mtima.
14. Maselo gha mu thupi ghakukanizga ŵanakazi kugonana: Ŵanakazi awo ŵafumiska nthumbo panji awo ŵali na suzgo la kuleka kumwezi ŵali na maselo ghacoko comene gha mu thupi agho ghakukanizga ŵanakazi kugonana.
Ntchakuzirwa kumanya kuti nangauli pali vinthu vinyake ivyo vingapangiska nthenda iyi nga ni uchekuru na mbiri ya mbumba, kweni vinyake vingachepako para munthu wangasintha umoyo wake na kupokera munkhwala.
Para munthu wakuluta ku chipatala nyengo zose, kurya vyakurya vyakwenelera, kuchita maseŵero ghakukhozga thupi, kuleka hona, na kupwelelera matenda ghambura kukonda munkhwala nga ni BP na shuga, wangaleka kulwara nthenda ya mtima.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais: a street-intercept survey method. Int J Nurs Pract. 2010, 16 (5): 492-8.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Zawiah M, Elnaem MH, Mohamed Ibrahim MI: Awareness of the Risk Factors for Heart Attack Among the General Public in Pahang, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020, 13 (): 3089-3102.
Fussman C, Rafferty AP, Reeves MJ, Zackery S, Lyon-Callo S, Anderson B: Racial disparities in knowledge of stroke and heart attack risk factors and warning signs among Michigan adults. Ethn Dis. 2009, 19 (2): 128-34.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Fata Nahas AR: Development of questionnaire on awareness and action towards symptoms and risk factors of heart attack and stroke among a Malaysian population. BMC Public Health. 2019, 19 (1): 1300.
Hwang SY, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Korean immigrants' knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors. J Immigr Minor Health. 2008, 10 (1): 67-72.
Fukuoka Y, Oh YJ: Perceived Heart Attack Likelihood in Adults with a High Diabetes Risk. Heart Lung. , 52 (): 42-47.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais. West J Nurs Res. 2009, 31 (8): 1088-9.
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What are the risk factors for heart attack?
There are several risk factors for heart attack, including:
1. Age: The risk of heart attack increases with age, especially after the age of 45 for men and 55 for women.
2. High cholesterol levels: High levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol can increase the risk of heart attack.
3. High blood pressure: Uncontrolled high blood pressure can damage the arteries and increase the risk of heart attack.
4. Diabetes: People with diabetes are at a higher risk of heart attack due to the damage high blood sugar can cause to blood vessels.
5. Being overweight or obese: Excess weight can increase the risk of heart attack by contributing to other risk factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes.
6. Not exercising: Lack of physical activity can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
7. Smoking: Smoking is a major risk factor for heart attack, as it damages the blood vessels and increases the risk of blood clots.
8. Family history: A family history of heart disease can increase the risk of heart attack.
9. Atrial fibrillation: This is an irregular heart rhythm that can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.
10. Previous heart attack or stroke: People who have had a previous heart attack or stroke are at a higher risk of having another one.
11. Stress: Chronic stress can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
12. Autoimmune conditions: Conditions such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can increase the risk of heart disease in women.
13. Pregnancy-related health problems: Women who develop gestational diabetes or hypertension during pregnancy are at an increased risk of developing heart disease later in life.
14. Low estrogen levels: Women who have gone through menopause or had a hysterectomy have lower levels of estrogen, which can increase their risk of heart disease compared to women who have not.
It is important to note that while some risk factors, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, many others can be managed through lifestyle changes and medical interventions.
Regular check-ups, maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, and managing chronic conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes can help reduce the risk of heart attack.
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