Oku kuliha eci ci koka uveyi wo cancer yo prostata ci lomboloka oku kuliha ndomo uveyi waco u fetika kuenda oku amamako.
O kanser yo prostata yi lomboloka uveyi umue u tunda volosinga viocimatamata ci tukuiwa hati, próstata.
O prostata yi panga ombuto yulume yi kuatisa ulume oku kula.
Esunga lieci omanu va kuatiwa luvei wo kanser yo prostata ka lia kũlĩhĩwile ciwa, pole kuli ovina vialua vi pondola oku vokiya ohele yoku kuatiwa luvei waco.
Uvei wo kanser wo prostata wa siata vali calua kalume vana okuti akulu, okuti onepa yalua yalume va kuete uvei waco va kuete eci ci pitahãla 65 kanyamo.
Handi vali, alume vana okuti vakuepata liavo va kuete uveyi waco, va siatavo oku kuatiwa luvei waco.
Oku kula kuenda oku li tepa kuovimatamata viuyali vo prostata.
Eci ci pondola oku pita omo liapongoloko a pita ko DNA okuti a tuala koku livokiya kuovimatamata vimue vi kulihisa ale oku tepulula ongusu yovimatamata vi sakula.
Oku pongoloka kuaco ku pondola oku nena evokiyo lioloselula kuenje ku nena evokiyo lievalo.
Osimbu ekambo li amamako oku kula, citava okuti liñila vovimatamata vi kasi ocipepi ndeci, vocisimo, vocipulukalo kuenda vimo.
Olonjanja vimue, olosinga viocilenda vi pondola oku litepa lo tumor yatete kuenda oku lisanduila kolonepa vikuavo vietimba lekuatiso liosonde ale o sistema linfático, okuti ocituwa cimue ca kulihiwa okuti metastasis.
Nda uveyi waco wa li sanduila kolonepa vikuavo, ka ca lelukile oku u sakula.
O kanser yo prostata citava okuti yi kokiwavo lovihemba vimue vi tukuiwa hati, hormônios, ca piãla enene o hormônio androgênio testosterona.
O Testosterona yi pondola oku vetiya oku kula kuolosinga viocilenda vo prostata kuenda ovihemba vialua vioku sakula uvei waco, vi kuete ocimãho coku tepulula o Hormona yaco ale oku tateka oku livokiya kuayo.
Oku teta onimbu, pathophysiology yuveyi wo cancer yo prostate yikongela okulivokiya kuenda okulitepa kuovimatamata vokati ko prostate gland, okuti citava okuti yikokiwa lovisimilo violo gene, violo hormonal kuenda evi vikasi voluali.
Oku kuata elomboloko liovitangi vi tunda kuvei waco, ci kuete esilivilo koku sakula ciwa omanu va kuete uvei waco.
Zobniw CM, Causebrook A, Fong MK: Clinical use of abiraterone in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Res Rep Urol. 2014, 6 (): 97-105.
Lim HY, Agarwal AM, Agarwal N, Ward JH: Recurrent epistaxis as a presenting sign of androgen-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer. Singapore Med J. 2009, 50 (5): e178-80.
Kohli M, Qin R, Jimenez R, Dehm SM: Biomarker-based targeting of the androgen-androgen receptor axis in advanced prostate cancer. Adv Urol. 2012, 2012 (): 781459.
Nelson JB, Hedican SP, George DJ, Reddi AH, Piantadosi S, Eisenberger MA, Simons JW: Identification of endothelin-1 in the pathophysiology of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Nat Med. 1995, 1 (9): 944-9.
Msaouel P, Nandikolla G, Pneumaticos SG, Koutsilieris M: Bone microenvironment-targeted manipulations for the treatment of osteoblastic metastasis in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2013, 22 (11): 1385-400.
Kotani K, Sekine Y, Ishikawa S, Ikpot IZ, Suzuki K, Remaley AT: High-density lipoprotein and prostate cancer: an overview. J Epidemiol. 2013, 23 (5): 313-9.
Jadvar H: Molecular imaging of prostate cancer: a concise synopsis. Mol Imaging. , 8 (2): 56-64.
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What is pathophysiology of prostate cancer?
The pathophysiology of prostate cancer refers to the underlying mechanisms and processes that lead to the development and progression of the disease.
Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that arises from the cells of the prostate gland, which is a small, walnut-shaped organ located below the bladder in men.
The prostate gland produces seminal fluid, which nourishes and transports sperm.
The exact cause of prostate cancer is not fully understood, but several factors are known to increase the risk of developing the disease.
These include age, family history, race, and certain genetic mutations.
Prostate cancer is more common in older men, with the majority of cases occurring in men over the age of 65.
Additionally, men with a family history of prostate cancer are at an increased risk, as are African American men and men of Caribbean descent.
The pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the prostate gland.
This can occur due to genetic mutations that lead to the overexpression of certain growth factors or the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.
These mutations can result in the unregulated growth of cells, leading to the formation of a tumor.
As the tumor grows, it can invade nearby tissues and organs, such as the bladder, rectum, and nearby lymph nodes.
In some cases, cancer cells can break away from the primary tumor and spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, a process known as metastasis.
Once the cancer has spread, it can be more difficult to treat.
Prostate cancer can also be influenced by hormonal factors, particularly the androgen hormone testosterone.
Testosterone can stimulate the growth of prostate cancer cells, and many treatments for prostate cancer aim to reduce the levels of this hormone or block its effects.
In summary, the pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the prostate gland, which can be influenced by genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors.
Understanding the underlying mechanisms of the disease is crucial for developing effective treatments and improving outcomes for patients with prostate cancer.
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