Pathophysiology of prostate cancer kyerɛ kwan a yare no fa so nya nkɔso.
Mpɔtorɔ mu kokoram yɛ yare bɔne a efi mpɔtorɔ nkwammoaa mu, a ɛyɛ honam akwaa ketewa bi a ɛwɔ mmarima mu a ɛwɔ dwensɔ kotoku ase.
Sɛ obi nya dwensɔtwaa a, ɛma wonya nsu a ɛma ɔbarima ho nsu no.
Wɔante nea ɛma obi nya kokoram no ase papa, nanso nneɛma pii na ɛma obi nya saa yare no bi.
Eyinom bi ne mfe, abusua abakɔsɛm, abusua, ne awosu mu nsakrae bi.
Kokoram yɛ yareɛ a ɛtaa yɛ mmarima a wɔn mfe akɔ anim, na emu dodow no ara yɛ mmarima a wɔn adi boro mfeɛ 65.
Bio nso, mmarima a wɔn abusuafo anya kokoram no betumi anya bi, te sɛ Afrika Amerika mmarima ne mmarima a wofi Caribbean.
Pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the prostate gland.
Eyi betumi asi esiane sɛ awosu mu nsakrae de nkwammoaa bi a wɔnyinyin na ɛma wɔnyini ma ɛyɛ kɛse anaa awo mu yare mmoawa a wɔko tia nyarewa no.
Saa nsakrae yi betumi ama nkwammoaa no anyin sɛnea ɛnsɛ, na ama yare no ayɛ kɛse.
Bere a ekuro no nyin no, etumi kɔ ntini ne akwaa a ɛbemmɛn ho te sɛ dwensɔtwaa, anus, ne ntini a ɛbemmɛn ho mu.
Wɔ tebea bi mu no, kokoram nkwammoaa betumi atetew afi kokoram a edi kan no mu na atrɛw akɔ nipadua no afã foforo denam mogya anaa mogya mu ntini a etumi fa ntini no mu so, adeyɛ a wɔfrɛ no ntini a ɛpae.
Sɛ kokoram no trɛw a, ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wɔbɛsa no.
Yareɛ a ɛde obi yɛ ha berɛ a wanyinsɛn no nso tumi nya nsunswansoɔ ahodoɔ bi te sɛ androgen hormone testosterone.
Testosterone betumi ama nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ ahoɔmmerɛ mu no anyin, na ahoɔmmerɛ mu ayaresa pii fa so tew saa hormone yi so anaa esiw ne nkɛntɛnso no kwan.
Ne korakora no, yare a ɛma obi nya dwensɔtwaa mu kokoram no yɛ nkwammoaa a wɔntumi nni wɔn ho so na wɔkeka wɔn ho wɔ dwensɔtwaa mu, na nneɛma bi te sɛ awo mu nneɛma, nnuru a ɛde nipadua mu ahoɔden ba, ne nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia tumi nya saa nneɛma yi so nkɛntɛnso.
Sɛ yɛbɛte yare no ase yiye a, ɛho hia sɛ yenya ayaresa a etu mpɔn na ama wɔn a wɔwɔ kokoram no anya nkɔso.
Zobniw CM, Causebrook A, Fong MK: Clinical use of abiraterone in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Res Rep Urol. 2014, 6 (): 97-105.
Lim HY, Agarwal AM, Agarwal N, Ward JH: Recurrent epistaxis as a presenting sign of androgen-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer. Singapore Med J. 2009, 50 (5): e178-80.
Kohli M, Qin R, Jimenez R, Dehm SM: Biomarker-based targeting of the androgen-androgen receptor axis in advanced prostate cancer. Adv Urol. 2012, 2012 (): 781459.
Nelson JB, Hedican SP, George DJ, Reddi AH, Piantadosi S, Eisenberger MA, Simons JW: Identification of endothelin-1 in the pathophysiology of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Nat Med. 1995, 1 (9): 944-9.
Msaouel P, Nandikolla G, Pneumaticos SG, Koutsilieris M: Bone microenvironment-targeted manipulations for the treatment of osteoblastic metastasis in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2013, 22 (11): 1385-400.
Kotani K, Sekine Y, Ishikawa S, Ikpot IZ, Suzuki K, Remaley AT: High-density lipoprotein and prostate cancer: an overview. J Epidemiol. 2013, 23 (5): 313-9.
Jadvar H: Molecular imaging of prostate cancer: a concise synopsis. Mol Imaging. , 8 (2): 56-64.
['Abɔdin: ayaresa']
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['Sɛ wogye di sɛ wo nsɛm anaa nneɛma bi a ɛwɔ yɛn wɛbsaet anaa yɛn dwumadie mu no to wo mmara a woahyehyɛ no so a, wo (anaa wo dwumadifoɔ) bɛtumi de nkaebɔ ama yɛn de apɛ sɛ yɛyi nsɛm anaa nneɛma no firi hɔ anaa yɛsi ho kwan.']
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['(5) sɛ wo de wo nsa ahyɛ krataa ase, na wohyɛ sɛ wobedi atoro, sɛ nsɛm a ɛwɔ krataa no mu yɛ nokware, na wowɔ tumi sɛ wode wo nsa bɛka nneɛma a obi akyerɛw abrɛ wo ase no;']
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['Sɛ woantwerɛ nsɛm a ɛwɔ soro yi nyinaa amfiri wo nkrataa no mu a, ɛbɛtumi ama wo kyɛfa no akyɛ.']
['Nkitahodi']
['Yɛsrɛ wo, fa nsɛmmisa anaa nyansahyɛ biara fa e-mail so brɛ yɛn.']
What is pathophysiology of prostate cancer?
The pathophysiology of prostate cancer refers to the underlying mechanisms and processes that lead to the development and progression of the disease.
Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that arises from the cells of the prostate gland, which is a small, walnut-shaped organ located below the bladder in men.
The prostate gland produces seminal fluid, which nourishes and transports sperm.
The exact cause of prostate cancer is not fully understood, but several factors are known to increase the risk of developing the disease.
These include age, family history, race, and certain genetic mutations.
Prostate cancer is more common in older men, with the majority of cases occurring in men over the age of 65.
Additionally, men with a family history of prostate cancer are at an increased risk, as are African American men and men of Caribbean descent.
The pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the prostate gland.
This can occur due to genetic mutations that lead to the overexpression of certain growth factors or the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.
These mutations can result in the unregulated growth of cells, leading to the formation of a tumor.
As the tumor grows, it can invade nearby tissues and organs, such as the bladder, rectum, and nearby lymph nodes.
In some cases, cancer cells can break away from the primary tumor and spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, a process known as metastasis.
Once the cancer has spread, it can be more difficult to treat.
Prostate cancer can also be influenced by hormonal factors, particularly the androgen hormone testosterone.
Testosterone can stimulate the growth of prostate cancer cells, and many treatments for prostate cancer aim to reduce the levels of this hormone or block its effects.
In summary, the pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the prostate gland, which can be influenced by genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors.
Understanding the underlying mechanisms of the disease is crucial for developing effective treatments and improving outcomes for patients with prostate cancer.
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