Kansa ya pa cifuba ilasangwa ukupitila mu kupimwa no kucitwa ifintu fimo pamo nga:
1. Ukuceeceeta amabele: Badokota bakaceeceeta amabele pa kuti bamone nga ca kuti muli ifilundwa, nelyo nga ca kuti yalipusana ubukulu nelyo ifyo yaba, nelyo nga pali ifilundwa fimbi ifishili bwino.
2. Mammogram: Ukubomfya icikope ca mammogram icingalenga umuntu ukwishiba nga ca kuti kuli fimo ifyabipa mu mabele ilyo ashilafimba.
3. Ultrasound: Ukubomfya ifiunda fya ku cifuba pa kumona icilundwa ca cifuba, kuti kwalenga twaishiba nga ca kuti icilundwa calikosa nelyo caisulamo amenshi.
4. MRI: Ukubomfya fimashini fya magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) kulalenga umubili wa kwa noko ukumoneka bwino.
5. Ukubuula ifilundwa fya mu mala: Ukubuula ifilundwa fya mu mala no kufibomfya pa kumona nga fyalikwata kansa.
6. Ukupimwa umulopa: Ukupimwa kwa mulopa kumo, pamo nga ukupima umulopa onse nelyo ukufwailisha ifishibilo fya kansa, kuti kwacitwa pa kuti kwishibe umusango wa kansa nelyo pa kuti bamone ifyo baleundapa.
7. Ukufwailisha pa fyo umuntu akwata: Nga ca kuti mu lupwa lwenu mwaliba abakwata kansa ya ku mabele, kuti mwafwailisha pa fyo umuntu akwata pa kuti mwishibe nga ca kuti alikwata icishi icingalenga alwala kansa ya ku mabele.
8. CT scan, nelyo PET scan: Aya masambililo ya kupima ayalenga umuntu ukumona nga ca kuti kansa yalisalangene mu filundwa fimbi ifya mubili.
Nga ca kuti basanga ukuti balilwala kansa ya ku mabele, kuti bacita fimbi pa kuti beshibe ubulwele bwa kansa no musango wa kansa, kabili ici kuti calenga baishiba ifyo bengacita pa kundapa.
Zahoor S, Lali IU, Khan MA, Javed K, Mehmood W: Breast Cancer Detection and Classification using Traditional Computer Vision Techniques: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Med Imaging. 2020, 16 (10): 1187-1200.
Dewar MA, Love N: Legal issues in managing breast disease. Postgrad Med. 1992, 92 (5): 137-40, 143-4, 149-51 passim.
Donepudi MS, Kondapalli K, Amos SJ, Venkanteshan P: Breast cancer statistics and markers. J Cancer Res Ther. , 10 (3): 506-11.
Sazuka T, Miyazawa Y, Tochigi T, Hirano A, Mori M, Kosugi C, Shuto K, Kasahara K, Hiroshima Y, Matsuo K, Tanaka K, Yamazaki K, Koda K, Matsubara H: [A Case of Rectal Metastasis from Breast Cancer Diagnosed Two Years after Surgery]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2017, 44 (12): 1254-1256.
Yan J, Liu Z, Du S, Li J, Ma L, Li L: Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer in the Precision Medicine Era. Methods Mol Biol. 2020, 2204 (): 53-61.
Cong J, Wei B, He Y, Yin Y, Zheng Y: A Selective Ensemble Classification Method Combining Mammography Images with Ultrasound Images for Breast Cancer Diagnosis. Comput Math Methods Med. 2017, 2017 (): 4896386.
Cui R, Wang C, Zhao Q, Wang Y, Li Y: Serum Carboxypeptidase N1 Serves as a Potential Biomarker Complementing CA15-3 for Breast Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2020, 20 (17): 2053-2065.
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How is breast cancer diagnosed?
Breast cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Clinical breast exam: A healthcare professional will examine the breasts for any lumps, changes in size or shape, or other abnormalities.
2. Mammogram: An x-ray of the breast that can detect abnormalities even before they can be felt.
3. Ultrasound: A test that uses sound waves to create an image of the breast tissue, which can help determine if a lump is solid or filled with fluid.
4. MRI: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the breast tissue.
5. Biopsy: A small sample of breast tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
6. Blood tests: Certain blood tests, such as a complete blood count or tumor markers, may be done to help determine the stage of the cancer or to monitor treatment.
7. Genetic testing: If there is a family history of breast cancer, genetic testing may be done to determine if there is an inherited gene mutation that increases the risk of developing breast cancer.
8. Bone scan, CT scan, or PET scan: These imaging tests may be done to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once a diagnosis of breast cancer is made, further tests may be done to determine the stage and grade of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.
Disclaimer: medical
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Please note the neural net that generates answers to the questions, is specially inaccurate when it comes to numeric content. For example, the number of people diagnosed with a specific disease.
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