Urticaria, yize anavuluka nawa ngwo, yikola ya ku mujimba, yakusoloka ha kusoloka cha yifwo ya kusoka, ya kulenguluka, ni yinene ha mujimba.
Mutuhasa kuchineha kuli yuma yinji, ngwe kukokoloka cha mujimba, yikola ni yitumbo yimwe.
Kusakula yize yili ni yikola yacho chakukwata ha yikola yize akupwa nayo, ni ha yize mamona mutu, ha mashimbu akwo nawa ni ha yikuma yize akulinga mu laboratório.
1. Musongo: Ndotolo makumwita ha mwono wenyi, ni yikola yize akwivwa, yikola yize anakupalika nayo, ni yikola yize akunwa.
Nawa mahasa kumwihula hakutwala ku shimbu lize anakusoloka yilungo yacho, ni shimbu lika yakupwa ni yilungo yacho.
2. Kuhehwojola mujimba: Ndotolo mahasa kuhengwola mujimba hanga amone hanji kuli yikola, ni chize yili ni kuze yili.
7. Kuhehwojola ha yikola ya mujimba: Nyi mutu kali ni yikola yacho, ndotolo mahasa kumuhulisa hanga amuhese hanji ha mashimbu akwo muhasa kupwa ni yikola yacho.
8. Shimbi ja ku tala ha makina: Ha mashimbu akehe, mandotolo mahasa kulinga yimwe yikuma, ngwe X-ray hanji CT scan, hanga ahone kumona hanji yikuma yikwo yize yakuneha yikola yacho.
Ha chino, kuhengula yikola yacho chakukwata ha kunyingika yikola yize akupwa nayo, ni kuhengula mujimba, ha mashimbu akwo nawa ni kuhengula yikuma ya laboratory.
Chuma chilemu chili kunyingika yize yakuneha yikola yacho ni kuwana mutapu uze watamba kukaula yikola yacho.
Torabi B, Ben-Shoshan M: The association of cholinergic and cold-induced urticaria: diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2015, 2015 (): .
Schoepke N, Doumoulakis G, Maurer M: Diagnosis of urticaria. Indian J Dermatol. 2013, 58 (3): 211-8.
Hochstadter EF, Ben-Shoshan M: Cold-induced urticaria: challenges in diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2013, 2013 (): .
Ensina LF, Brandão LS, Neto HC, Ben-Shoshan M: Urticaria and angioedema in children and adolescents: diagnostic challenge. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2022, 50 (S Pt 1): 17-29.
Silvestre Salvador JF, Giménez-Arnau AM, Gómez de la Fuente E, González Del Castillo J, Martínez Virto AM, Miguens Blanco I, Serra-Baldrich E, Llorens P: Managing urticaria in the emergency department: recommendations of a multidisciplinary expert panel. Emergencias. 2021, 33 (4): 299-308.
Visitsuntorn N, Tuchinda M, Arunyanark N, Kerdsomnuk S: Ice cube test in children with cold urticaria. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 1992, 10 (2): 111-5.
['Ulemu: ukwaso wa yikola']
['Site yino kayitela hanga atu anyingike hakutwala ku yikola ni yikuma yikwo, kuyishi ni yiyulo ya mandotolo.']
['Tala ha makina yize yakukwasa hanga uwane kumbululo lia yihula, hi yikalu ko muze anavuluka unji wa atu waze ali ni yikola.']
['Teta mashimbu eswe kuwana yiyulo ya ndotolo we hanji umwe mukwa-kuhana yiyulo ya uhayele ha chikuma cha yikola. Kanda ulionga yiyulo ya ndotolo hanji kutohwesa kuyitanga ha mukunda wa yimwe yuma yize watanga ha site yino. Nyi wanyonga ngwo uli ni mulonga wa uhayele, shinga 911 hanji yako ha chipatulo cha usopeso chize chili hakamwihi. Kukushi usepa wa ndotolo ni ndotolo uze wakunjila ha site yino hanji ha kuzachisa site yino. Chipwe BioMedLib hanji akwa-kukalakala nayo, hanji yoze wakukwasa ha site yino, keshi kulinga nichimwe, chipwe kusolola, hakutwala ku sango jize jili ha site yino hanji ha kuzachisa site yino.']
['Uhashi wa akwa-kusoneka']
['Shimbi ya Digital Millennium Copyright Act ya 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (DMCA) yinambe ngwo, waze ali ni shimbi ja akwa-kusoneka waze anafuliela ngwo yuma yize yili ha Internet yinapinjisa shimbi ja akwa-kusoneka ja mu Estados Unidos. ']
['Nyi unafuliela ni mbunge yeswe ngwo yikuma yeswe yize akuzachisa ha site yino yinapinjisa shimbi ja akwa-kusoneka, yena (mba yoze wakuzachisa) muhasa kututumina mukanda hanga ututuhwise yikuma yacho hanji kuhona kuyimona.']
['Sango jacho katamba kujituma ha mukanda ha email (tala ha chihanda cha "Contact" ha email).']
['Shimbi ya DMCA yinambe ngwo, sango je ha yize akuhanjika ngwo yapinjisa shimbi ja akwa-kusoneka yili ni sango jacho: (1) kulumbununa mulimo uze uli ni shimbi ja akwa-kusoneka uze anazangamisa; (2) kulumbununa yikuma yize anazangamisa ni sango jize jinahase kutukwasa hanga tuwane yikuma yacho; (3) kulweza yoze mutuhasa kumuheta, ngwe adresi, numero ya telefone ni email; (4) maliji waze yena musolola ngwo, yuma yize anazangamisa kuyishi ni utayizo wa mwene wa shimbi ja akwa-kusoneka, hanji yoze akuzachisa, hanji ni shimbi jize anazangamisa; ']
['(5) Sango jize yena musoneka, ni shimbi jize makahana, ngwo sango jize jili ha mukanda jili ja umwenemwene nawa uli ni ulite wakukwasa hanga akwa-kusoneka afunge shimbi jize anakwambulula ngwo jinalitepulula;']
['nawa (6) chijimbikilo cha mwata wa shindakenyo ya ulite wa yuma hanji cha muthu yoze uli ni ulite wa kulinga yuma ha jina lia mwata wa shindakenyo ya yuma.']
Urticaria, also known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by the appearance of red, itchy, and swollen welts on the skin.
It can be caused by a variety of factors, including allergic reactions, infections, and certain medications.
Diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
1. Medical history: The doctor will ask about the patient's medical history, including any known allergies, recent illnesses, and medications taken.
They will also inquire about the onset of symptoms, their duration, and any potential triggers.
2. Physical examination: The doctor will examine the skin for the presence of welts, their size, and distribution.
They may also check for other signs of an allergic reaction, such as swelling of the face, lips, or tongue.
3. Laboratory tests: In some cases, the doctor may order blood tests to check for the presence of allergies or infections.
Skin tests, such as a skin prick test or patch test, may also be performed to identify specific allergens.
4. Allergy tests: If the doctor suspects an allergic reaction, they may refer the patient to an allergist for further testing.
This may include skin prick tests, patch tests, or blood tests to identify specific allergens.
5. Differential diagnosis: The doctor will also consider other possible causes of the symptoms, such as other skin conditions or underlying medical conditions, and may order additional tests to rule these out.
6. Provocation tests: In cases of physical urticaria, where the hives are triggered by physical stimuli such as heat, cold, or pressure, the doctor may perform a provocation test to confirm the diagnosis.
This involves exposing the skin to the suspected trigger to see if a reaction occurs.
7. Autoimmune tests: In cases of chronic urticaria, the doctor may order tests to check for autoimmune disorders, as these can sometimes cause the condition.
8. Imaging tests: In rare cases, imaging tests such as an X-ray or CT scan may be ordered to rule out other conditions that may cause similar symptoms.
Overall, diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
The goal is to identify the underlying cause and determine the best course of treatment for the patient.
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