Patofysiologiin hjá tarmkrabba vísir til teir undirliggjandi mekanismurnar og prosessirnar, sum føra til menning og framgongd av tarmkrabba.
Tykkara tarmkrabbi, eisini nevndur kolorektalkrabbi, er eitt slag av krabba, sum byrjar í tarminum ella endavøkstri, sum eru partar av tjúkka tarminum.
Tað byrjar vanliga sum ein vøkstur, ið verður nevndur polypur, og sum við tíðini kann menna seg til krabbamein.
Patofysiologiin av tarmkrabba hevur fleiri faktorar við sær, eitt nú genetiskar mutatiónir, inflammatión og umhvørvisfaktorar.
Genetiskar mutatiónir kunnu koma fyri í DNA'inum í tarmbrunasellunum, sum førir til óstýrdari vøkstur og kloyving av kyknunum.
Hesar broytingar kunnu vera arvaligar ella tilkomnar, og tær kunnu ávirka ymisk gen, sum eru við til at vaksa, býta og bøta um kyknurnar.
Bólga í tarminum, sum kann vera orsakað av t.d. inflammatoriskari tarmsjúku, kann eisini økja um vandan fyri tarmkrabba.
Krónisk inflammatión kann føra til, at kemisk evni verða leysgivin, sum stuðla undir vøkstri og býti av kyknum, og tað kann møguliga føra til krabbamein.
Umhvørvislig viðurskifti, so sum kostur, lívsstílur og ávirkan av ávísum kemiskum evnum, kunnu eisini vera við til at elva til tarmkrabba.
Ein kostur við nógvum reyðum og viðgjørdum kjøti hevur til dømis verið settur í samband við ein øktan vanda fyri tarmkrabba.
Aðrir faktorar, sum til dømis ovurfita, royking og kropsligur óvirkni, kunnu eisini økja um vandan.
Tá ið krabbamein í tarminum einaferð er komið í gongd, kann tað fara ígjøgnum fleiri stig, frá tí at tað er í byrjanarstigi, og at tað bert er í tarminum, til tað er komið í eitt meira víðgongt stig, har krabbamein hevur breitt seg til onnur kropslutir.
Krabbameinsfrumurnar kunnu gera seg inn á nærliggjandi vevnað og ílegur og kunnu eisini breiða seg gjøgnum lymfakervið ella blóðrenslið til fjarskotin støð, sum til dømis livur ella lungu.
Viðgerð fyri tarmkrabba fevnir vanliga um eina samanseting av skurðviðgerð, kemoterapi og strálulækning, alt eftir, hvussu krabbamein er í stiginum og hvar tað er.
Tí er tað umráðandi at fáa staðfest krabbamein í tarminum tíðliga og fáa viðgerð, tí tarmkrabbi kann ofta lekjast, um hann verður staðfestur tíðliga.
Við at lata seg kanna regluliga, eitt nú við tarmspegling, ber til at finna tarmkrabba so tíðliga sum til ber, og tá er lættast at viðgera hann.
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Sharma SH, Thulasingam S, Nagarajan S: Terpenoids as anti-colon cancer agents - A comprehensive review on its mechanistic perspectives. Eur J Pharmacol. 2017, 795 (): 169-178.
Keshk WA, Zineldeen DH, Wasfy RE, El-Khadrawy OH: Fatty acid synthase/oxidized low-density lipoprotein as metabolic oncogenes linking obesity to colon cancer via NF-kappa B in Egyptians. Med Oncol. 2014, 31 (10): 192.
Dongfeng D, An C, Shujia P, Jikai Y, Tao Y, Rui D, Kai T, Yafeng C, Jianguo L, Xilin D: Explanation of colon cancer pathophysiology through analyzing the disrupted homeostasis of bile acids. Afr Health Sci. 2014, 14 (4): 925-8.
Tammali R, Ramana KV, Srivastava SK: Aldose reductase regulates TNF-alpha-induced PGE2 production in human colon cancer cells. Cancer Lett. 2007, 252 (2): 299-306.
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What is pathophysiology of colon cancer?
The pathophysiology of colon cancer refers to the underlying mechanisms and processes that lead to the development and progression of colon cancer.
Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is a type of cancer that begins in the colon or rectum, which are parts of the large intestine.
It typically starts as a growth called a polyp, which can develop into cancer over time.
The pathophysiology of colon cancer involves several factors, including genetic mutations, inflammation, and environmental factors.
Genetic mutations can occur in the DNA of colon cells, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and division.
These mutations can be inherited or acquired, and they can affect various genes involved in cell growth, division, and repair.
Inflammation in the colon, which can be caused by conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, can also increase the risk of colon cancer.
Chronic inflammation can lead to the release of chemicals that promote cell growth and division, potentially leading to the development of cancer.
Environmental factors, such as diet, lifestyle, and exposure to certain chemicals, can also contribute to the development of colon cancer.
A diet high in red and processed meats, for example, has been linked to an increased risk of colon cancer.
Other factors, such as obesity, smoking, and lack of physical activity, can also increase the risk.
Once colon cancer develops, it can progress through several stages, from early-stage cancer that is confined to the colon to more advanced stages where the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
The cancer cells can invade nearby tissues and organs, and may also spread through the lymphatic system or bloodstream to distant sites, such as the liver or lungs.
Treatment for colon cancer typically involves a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, depending on the stage and location of the cancer.
Early detection and treatment are key to improving outcomes, as colon cancer is often curable when caught in its early stages.
Regular screening, such as colonoscopy, can help detect colon cancer at its earliest stages, when it is most treatable.
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