Na pathophysiology ni kenisa ni prostate e vakaibalebaletaki ena ka e dau yaco kei na ka e vakavuna na kena tete.
Na kenisa ni prostate e dua na mataqali kenisa e tubu mai na sela ni prostate gland, e dua na tikiniyago lailai e vaka na walnut e tiko ena ruku ni yatevuso ni tagane.
Na prostate gland e dau bulia na wai e vakabulabulataka na wainitagane qai vakauta tale ga.
E sega ni kilai na vuna e tauvi kenisa kina na prostate, ia e vica na ka e rawa ni vakavuna.
E okati kina na yabaki ni bula, itukutuku ni vuvale, matatamata, kei na so na mate e dewa ena sela ni yago.
E dau tauvi ira vakalevu na tagane era sa yabaki 65 vakacaca na kenisa ni prostate.
Kena ikuri, e rawa ni tauvi ira vakalevu na kenisa ni tauvi kenisa ni tauvi kenisa na tagane e tauvi ira na kenisa ni tauvi kenisa ni tauvi kenisa ni tauvi kenisa na vuvale, vaka kina o ira na turaga ni Aferika mai Merika kei ira na turaga era cavutu mai na Caribbean.
Na mate oqo e vakavuna na tubu kei na tawase ni sela ena loma ni nona gacagaca.
E rawa ni yaco oqo ena vuku ni kena veiveisau na gene e vakavuna na kena tubu vakalevu na veika e vakavuna na tubu ni sela se na kena sega ni cakacaka na gene e tarova na tubu ni sela.
Na veisau oqo e rawa ni vakavuna na tubu ni sela, lai vakavuna sara na tubu ni kenisa.
Ni tubu tiko na kenisa, e rawa ni curuma na tikiniyago kei na gacagaca voleka, me vaka na yatevuso, yatevuso, kei na lymph node.
Ena so na gauna, e rawa ni tawase na sela ni kenisa mai na kena e tauvi koya tiko, qai dewa ina so tale na tikiniyago ena dra se ena sala ni dra na lymphatic system.
Ni sa tete na kenisa, ena dredre me qaravi.
E rawa ni vakavuna tale ga na kenisa ni prostate na hormone, vakabibi na testosterone.
Na testosterone e rawa ni vakabulabulataka na tubu ni sela ni kenisa ni prostate, qai levu na veiqaravi e caka me vakalailaitaka na kena levu se tarova na kena revurevu.
E laurai ni sega ni dau lewai vinaka na tubu kei na kena tawasei na sela ena loma ni yatevuso.
E bibi me kilai na ka e vakavuna na kenisa ni tauvi koya e tauva tiko, me rawa ni vakayagataki kina na veiqaravi e yaga qai vinaka kina na kedra ituvaki na tauvimate.
Zobniw CM, Causebrook A, Fong MK: Clinical use of abiraterone in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Res Rep Urol. 2014, 6 (): 97-105.
Lim HY, Agarwal AM, Agarwal N, Ward JH: Recurrent epistaxis as a presenting sign of androgen-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer. Singapore Med J. 2009, 50 (5): e178-80.
Kohli M, Qin R, Jimenez R, Dehm SM: Biomarker-based targeting of the androgen-androgen receptor axis in advanced prostate cancer. Adv Urol. 2012, 2012 (): 781459.
Nelson JB, Hedican SP, George DJ, Reddi AH, Piantadosi S, Eisenberger MA, Simons JW: Identification of endothelin-1 in the pathophysiology of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Nat Med. 1995, 1 (9): 944-9.
Msaouel P, Nandikolla G, Pneumaticos SG, Koutsilieris M: Bone microenvironment-targeted manipulations for the treatment of osteoblastic metastasis in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2013, 22 (11): 1385-400.
Kotani K, Sekine Y, Ishikawa S, Ikpot IZ, Suzuki K, Remaley AT: High-density lipoprotein and prostate cancer: an overview. J Epidemiol. 2013, 23 (5): 313-9.
Jadvar H: Molecular imaging of prostate cancer: a concise synopsis. Mol Imaging. , 8 (2): 56-64.
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What is pathophysiology of prostate cancer?
The pathophysiology of prostate cancer refers to the underlying mechanisms and processes that lead to the development and progression of the disease.
Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that arises from the cells of the prostate gland, which is a small, walnut-shaped organ located below the bladder in men.
The prostate gland produces seminal fluid, which nourishes and transports sperm.
The exact cause of prostate cancer is not fully understood, but several factors are known to increase the risk of developing the disease.
These include age, family history, race, and certain genetic mutations.
Prostate cancer is more common in older men, with the majority of cases occurring in men over the age of 65.
Additionally, men with a family history of prostate cancer are at an increased risk, as are African American men and men of Caribbean descent.
The pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the prostate gland.
This can occur due to genetic mutations that lead to the overexpression of certain growth factors or the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.
These mutations can result in the unregulated growth of cells, leading to the formation of a tumor.
As the tumor grows, it can invade nearby tissues and organs, such as the bladder, rectum, and nearby lymph nodes.
In some cases, cancer cells can break away from the primary tumor and spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, a process known as metastasis.
Once the cancer has spread, it can be more difficult to treat.
Prostate cancer can also be influenced by hormonal factors, particularly the androgen hormone testosterone.
Testosterone can stimulate the growth of prostate cancer cells, and many treatments for prostate cancer aim to reduce the levels of this hormone or block its effects.
In summary, the pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the prostate gland, which can be influenced by genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors.
Understanding the underlying mechanisms of the disease is crucial for developing effective treatments and improving outcomes for patients with prostate cancer.
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