Cemût si fasial a diagnosticâ il tumôr de prostate?
Il tumôr de prostate al è diagnosticât cuntune cumbinazion di provis e proceduris, che a puedin cjapâ dentri:
1. Esam dal retâl digjitâl (DRE): un miedi al met un dêt lubrificât e vistût di guant intal retâl par tastâ la prostate par viodi se e à cualchi anomalie.
2. Esam dal antigjen specific de prostate (PSA): al è un esam dal sanc che al misure il nivel di PSA, une proteine prodote de glandule de prostate.
I nivei elevâts di PSA a puedin indicâ la presince di tumôr de prostate.
3. Ultrasound transretâl (TRUS): une piçule sonde e ven inseride intal retum par creâ une imagjin de prostate doprant ondis sonoris.
Chest al pues judâ a identificâ cualsisei anomalie te glandule de prostate.
Biopsie: un piçul campion di tiessût de prostate al è tirât fûr e esaminât sot un microscopi pe presince di celulis dal cancar.
Chest al è l'unic mût definitîf par diagnosticâ il tumôr de prostate.
5. Risonance magnetiche (MRI): une scansion MRI de prostate e pues judâ a identificâ cualsisei anomalie e vuidâ la procedure de biopsie.
6. provis gjenomichis: cualchi miedi al pues doprâ provis gjenomichis par judâ a determinâ la agressivitât dal tumôr e vuidâ lis decisions di cure.
7. Scansion dai vues: e pues jessi fate une scansion dai vues par controlâ se il cancar si è slargjât ai vues.
8. Tomografie computerizade (CT): une scansion e pues jessi doprade par controlâ se il cancar si è slargjât a altris orghins o tiessûts.
Al è impuartant savê che no ducj i oms cun nivei di PSA alts o risultâts dal DRE anormai a àn il tumôr de prostate, e no ducj i tumôrs de prostate a causin nivei di PSA alts.
Duncje, par confermâ la diagnosi e je necessarie une biopsie.
Cun di plui, la decision di fâ une biopsie e je cjapade dopo vê considerât i risultâts di chestis provis e i fatôrs di risi e lis preferencis de persone.
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Marenco J, Kasivisvanathan V, Emberton M: New standards in prostate biopsy. Arch Esp Urol. 2019, 72 (2): 142-149.
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[Consensus of Chinese experts on the application of molecular imaging targeting prostate specific membrane antigen in prostate cancer patients]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2018, 56 (2): 91-94.
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How is prostate cancer diagnosed?
Prostate cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): A doctor inserts a gloved, lubricated finger into the rectum to feel the prostate for any abnormalities.
2. Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test: This is a blood test that measures the level of PSA, a protein produced by the prostate gland.
Elevated PSA levels may indicate the presence of prostate cancer.
3. Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS): A small probe is inserted into the rectum to create an image of the prostate using sound waves.
This can help identify any abnormalities in the prostate gland.
4. Biopsy: A small sample of prostate tissue is removed and examined under a microscope for the presence of cancer cells.
This is the only definitive way to diagnose prostate cancer.
5. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): An MRI scan of the prostate can help identify any abnormalities and guide the biopsy procedure.
6. Genomic Testing: Some doctors may use genomic tests to help determine the aggressiveness of the cancer and guide treatment decisions.
7. Bone Scan: A bone scan may be performed to check if the cancer has spread to the bones.
8. Computed Tomography (CT) Scan: A CT scan may be used to check if the cancer has spread to other organs or tissues.
It is important to note that not all men with elevated PSA levels or abnormal DRE results will have prostate cancer, and not all prostate cancers will cause elevated PSA levels.
Therefore, a biopsy is necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
Additionally, the decision to undergo a biopsy is made after considering the results of these tests and the individual's risk factors and preferences.
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