La orticarie, cognossude ancje come orticarie, e je une condizion de piel caraterizade de comparizion di grops ros, che a si gratin e a si gonfin su la piel.
Al pues jessi causât di diviers fatôrs, come reazions alergjichis, infezions e cierts medisinis.
Diagnosticâ la orticarie al impliche une cumbinazion di storie mediche, esams fisics e cualchi volte provis di laboratori.
1. Storie mediche: il miedi al domandarà de storie mediche dal pazient, cjapant dentri cualsisei alergjie cognossude, malatiis resintis e medisinis cjapadis.
I domandaran ancje a rivuart di cuant che a son scomençâts i sintoms, di trop che a son lâts e di cualsisei robe che al puedi vêle causade.
2. Esami fisic: il miedi al esaminarà la piel par viodi se a son segns, la lôr grandece e la lôr distribuzion.
A puedin ancje controlâ se a son altris segns di une reazion allergiche, come il gonfament de muse, des lavris o de lenghe.
3. Esams di laboratori: In cualchi câs, il miedi al pues ordenâ esams di sanc par controlâ la presince di alergjie o infezions.
Al è pussibil fâ provis su la piel, come une prove a stiçâ la piel o un patch test, par identificâ i alergjenis specifics.
4. Esams di alergjie: Se il miedi al suspiete une reazion alergjie, al pues mandâ il pazient a un allergist par altris esams.
Chest al pues cjapâ dentri provis a trazion de piel, provis a toput o provis di sanc par identificâ alergjen specifics.
5 Diagnosi diferenziâl: il miedi al cjaparà in considerazion ancje altris pussibilis causis dai sintoms, come altris malatiis de piel o malatiis contignudis, e al pues domandâ altris provis par escludi chestis.
6. provis di provocazion: In câs di orticarie fisiche, dulà che la orticarie e je scatenade di stimui fisics come il calôr, il frêt o la pression, il miedi al pues fâ une prove di provocazion par confermâ la diagnosi.
Chest al impliche meti la piel in contat cul sospetût fatôr par viodi se e sucêt une reazion.
7. Esams autoimuns: In câs di orticarie croniche, il miedi al pues ordenâ esams par controlâ lis malatiis autoimuns, parcè che chestis a puedin cualchi volte causâ la cundizion.
8. Esams di imaging: in câs rârs, a puedin jessi ordenâts esams di imaging come une radiografie o une TAC par escludi altris malatiis che a puedin causâ simils sintoms.
In gjenerâl, la diagnosi di orticarie e coinvolç une cumbinazion di storie mediche, esams fisics e cualchi volte provis di laboratori.
L'obietîf al è chel di identificâ la cause principâl e determinâ la miôr terapie par il pazient.
Torabi B, Ben-Shoshan M: The association of cholinergic and cold-induced urticaria: diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2015, 2015 (): .
Schoepke N, Doumoulakis G, Maurer M: Diagnosis of urticaria. Indian J Dermatol. 2013, 58 (3): 211-8.
Hochstadter EF, Ben-Shoshan M: Cold-induced urticaria: challenges in diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2013, 2013 (): .
Ensina LF, Brandão LS, Neto HC, Ben-Shoshan M: Urticaria and angioedema in children and adolescents: diagnostic challenge. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2022, 50 (S Pt 1): 17-29.
Silvestre Salvador JF, Giménez-Arnau AM, Gómez de la Fuente E, González Del Castillo J, Martínez Virto AM, Miguens Blanco I, Serra-Baldrich E, Llorens P: Managing urticaria in the emergency department: recommendations of a multidisciplinary expert panel. Emergencias. 2021, 33 (4): 299-308.
Visitsuntorn N, Tuchinda M, Arunyanark N, Kerdsomnuk S: Ice cube test in children with cold urticaria. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 1992, 10 (2): 111-5.
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How is urticaria diagnosed?
Urticaria, also known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by the appearance of red, itchy, and swollen welts on the skin.
It can be caused by a variety of factors, including allergic reactions, infections, and certain medications.
Diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
1. Medical history: The doctor will ask about the patient's medical history, including any known allergies, recent illnesses, and medications taken.
They will also inquire about the onset of symptoms, their duration, and any potential triggers.
2. Physical examination: The doctor will examine the skin for the presence of welts, their size, and distribution.
They may also check for other signs of an allergic reaction, such as swelling of the face, lips, or tongue.
3. Laboratory tests: In some cases, the doctor may order blood tests to check for the presence of allergies or infections.
Skin tests, such as a skin prick test or patch test, may also be performed to identify specific allergens.
4. Allergy tests: If the doctor suspects an allergic reaction, they may refer the patient to an allergist for further testing.
This may include skin prick tests, patch tests, or blood tests to identify specific allergens.
5. Differential diagnosis: The doctor will also consider other possible causes of the symptoms, such as other skin conditions or underlying medical conditions, and may order additional tests to rule these out.
6. Provocation tests: In cases of physical urticaria, where the hives are triggered by physical stimuli such as heat, cold, or pressure, the doctor may perform a provocation test to confirm the diagnosis.
This involves exposing the skin to the suspected trigger to see if a reaction occurs.
7. Autoimmune tests: In cases of chronic urticaria, the doctor may order tests to check for autoimmune disorders, as these can sometimes cause the condition.
8. Imaging tests: In rare cases, imaging tests such as an X-ray or CT scan may be ordered to rule out other conditions that may cause similar symptoms.
Overall, diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
The goal is to identify the underlying cause and determine the best course of treatment for the patient.
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