Tha urticaria, ris an canar cuideachd cnapan-starra, na staid craiceann air a bheil coltas bruisean dearga, itchy, agus sèid air a 'chraiceann.
Faodaidh grunn fhactaran adhbhrachadh, a 'toirt a-steach ath-bhualadh aileirgeach, galairean, agus cungaidhean sònraichte.
Tha a bhith a 'dèanamh breithneachadh air urticaria a' toirt a-steach measgachadh de eachdraidh meidigeach, sgrùdadh corporra, agus uaireannan deuchainnean obair-lann.
1. Eachdraidh meidigeach: Bidh an dotair a 'faighneachd mu eachdraidh meidigeach an euslaintich, a' toirt a-steach aileardsaidhean aithnichte sam bith, galairean o chionn ghoirid, agus cungaidhean a chaidh a ghabhail.
Bidh iad cuideachd a' faighneachd mu dheidhinn toiseach nan comharraidhean, dè cho fada's a mhaireas iad, agus na dh'fhaodadh a bhith a' brosnachadh nan comharraidhean.
2. Sgrùdadh corporra: Nì an dotair sgrùdadh air a 'chraiceann airson làthaireachd bruisean, am meud, agus an sgaoileadh.
Is dòcha gum bi iad cuideachd a'sgrùdadh airson soidhnichean eile de ath-bhualadh aileirgeach, leithid sèid an aghaidh, bilean, no teanga.
3. Deuchainnean obair-lann: Ann an cuid de chùisean, is dòcha gun òrdaich an dotair deuchainnean fala gus sgrùdadh a dhèanamh air a bheil aileardsaidhean no galairean ann.
Faodar deuchainnean craiceann, leithid deuchainn prick craiceann no deuchainn paiste, a dhèanamh cuideachd gus alergena sònraichte a chomharrachadh.
4. Deuchainnean aileirdsidh: Ma tha am dotair amharasach air ath-bhualadh aileirdsidh, faodaidh iad an euslainteach a chuir gu eòlaiche aileirdsidh airson tuilleadh deuchainn.
Faodaidh seo a bhith a 'toirt a-steach deuchainnean prick craiceann, deuchainnean paiste, no deuchainnean fala gus alergens sònraichte a chomharrachadh.
5. Diagnosis eadar-dhealaichte: Bheir an dotair cuideachd aire do dh 'adhbharan eile a dh' fhaodadh a bhith aig na comharraidhean, leithid tinneasan craiceann eile no tinneasan meidigeach bunaiteach, agus is dòcha gun òrdaich e deuchainnean a bharrachd gus an cuir às dhaibh.
6. Deuchainnean brosnachaidh: Ann an cùisean de urticaria corporra, far a bheil na h-uighean air an adhbhrachadh le brosnachaidhean corporra leithid teas, fuachd, no cuideam, faodaidh an dotair deuchainn brosnachaidh a dhèanamh gus an breithneachadh a dhearbhadh.
Tha seo a' ciallachadh gun cuir thu an craiceann an sàs anns an rud a tha amharasach a bhrosnaicheas an galar gus faicinn a bheil ath-bhualadh ann.
7. Deuchainnean autoimmune: Ann an cùisean de urticaria leantainneach, is dòcha gun òrdaich an dotair deuchainnean gus sgrùdadh a dhèanamh air tinneasan autoimmune, oir faodaidh iad sin an suidheachadh adhbhrachadh uaireannan.
8. Deuchainnean ìomhaighean: Ann an cùisean ainneamh, faodar deuchainnean ìomhaighean leithid X-ray no CT scan òrdachadh gus cuir às do shuidheachaidhean eile a dh 'fhaodadh comharraidhean coltach ris a bhith ag adhbhrachadh.
San fharsaingeachd, tha breithneachadh urticaria a 'toirt a-steach measgachadh de eachdraidh mheidigeach, sgrùdadh corporra, agus uaireannan deuchainnean obair-lann.
Is e an t-amas a bhith a' faighinn a-mach dè as coireach agus a' faighinn a-mach dè an dòigh-leigheis as fheàrr airson an euslainteach.
Torabi B, Ben-Shoshan M: The association of cholinergic and cold-induced urticaria: diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2015, 2015 (): .
Schoepke N, Doumoulakis G, Maurer M: Diagnosis of urticaria. Indian J Dermatol. 2013, 58 (3): 211-8.
Hochstadter EF, Ben-Shoshan M: Cold-induced urticaria: challenges in diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2013, 2013 (): .
Ensina LF, Brandão LS, Neto HC, Ben-Shoshan M: Urticaria and angioedema in children and adolescents: diagnostic challenge. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2022, 50 (S Pt 1): 17-29.
Silvestre Salvador JF, Giménez-Arnau AM, Gómez de la Fuente E, González Del Castillo J, Martínez Virto AM, Miguens Blanco I, Serra-Baldrich E, Llorens P: Managing urticaria in the emergency department: recommendations of a multidisciplinary expert panel. Emergencias. 2021, 33 (4): 299-308.
Visitsuntorn N, Tuchinda M, Arunyanark N, Kerdsomnuk S: Ice cube test in children with cold urticaria. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 1992, 10 (2): 111-5.
['Àicheadh: meidigeach']
["Tha an làrach-lìn seo air a thoirt seachad airson adhbharan foghlaim agus fiosrachaidh a-mhàin agus chan eil e a' toirt seachad comhairle mheidigeach no seirbheisean proifeiseanta."]
["Cha bu chòir am fiosrachadh a chaidh a thoirt seachad a chleachdadh airson duilgheadas slàinte no galar a dhearbhadh no a làimhseachadh, agus bu chòir dhaibhsan a tha a'sireadh comhairle meidigeach pearsanta co-chomhairle a chumail ri lighiche-sprèidh."]
["Thoiribh fa-near gu bheil an lìon neural a tha a' cruthachadh fhreagairtean do na ceistean, gu sònraichte neo-chruinneasach nuair a thig e gu susbaint àireamhach. Mar eisimpleir, an àireamh de dhaoine a chaidh a dhearbhadh le galar sònraichte."]
["Faigh comhairle an dotair agad no solaraiche slàinte eile a tha airidh air comhairle a thaobh tinneas meidigeach. Na dì-meas comhairle meidigeach proifeiseanta no dàil ann a bhith ga shireadh air sgàth rudeigin a leugh thu air an làrach-lìn seo. Ma tha thu a'smaoineachadh gum faodadh èiginn meidigeach a bhith agad, cuir fòn gu 911 no rachaibh chun t-seòmar èiginn as fhaisge sa bhad. Chan eil dàimh dotair-euslainteach air a chruthachadh leis an làrach-lìn seo no a chleachdadh. Chan eil BioMedLib no a luchd-obrach, no neach sam bith a tha a' cur ris an làrach-lìn seo, a 'dèanamh riochdachaidhean sam bith, fosgailte no a' toirt a-steach, a thaobh an fhiosrachaidh a tha air a thoirt seachad an seo no a chleachdadh."]
['Àicheadh: còraichean']
["Tha Achd Dlighe-sgrìobhaidh na Mìle Bliadhna Didseatach 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (an DMCA) a' toirt ath-chuinge do shealbhadairean dlighe-sgrìobhaidh a tha den bheachd gu bheil stuth a tha a' nochdadh air an eadar-lìon a' briseadh an còraichean fo lagh dlighe-sgrìobhaidh na SA. "]
["Ma tha thu a' creidsinn ann an deagh chreideamh gu bheil susbaint no stuth sam bith a tha ri fhaotainn a thaobh ar làrach-lìn no ar seirbheisean a' briseadh d' dlighe-sgrìobhaidh, faodaidh tu fhèin (no an riochdaire agad) fios a chur thugainn ag iarraidh gun tèid an susbaint no an stuth a thoirt air falbh, no gun tèid cothrom a chur air. "]
["Feumar sanasan a chur ann an sgrìobhadh tro phost-d (faic an roinn 'Contact' airson seòladh puist-d). "]
["Tha an DMCA ag iarraidh gum bi am fiosrachadh a leanas anns an fhios agad mu bhriseadh còraichean-sgrìobhaidh a thathar ag ràdh: (1) tuairisgeul air an obair fo chòraichean-sgrìobhaidh a tha fo chasaid briseadh; (2) tuairisgeul air an t-susbaint a thathar ag ràdh a tha a 'briseadh agus fiosrachadh gu leòr gus leigeil leinn an t-susbaint a lorg; (3) fiosrachadh conaltraidh dhut, a' toirt a-steach do sheòladh, àireamh fòn agus seòladh puist-d; (4) aithris bhuat gu bheil creideas math agad nach eil an t-susbaint san dòigh a tha gearan air a cheadachadh le sealbhadair a 'chòraichean-sgrìobhaidh, no an neach-ionaid aige, no le gnìomh lagha sam bith; "]
['(5) Dearbhadh agaibh, air a shoidhnigeadh fo pheanas mionnachaidh, gu bheil am fiosrachadh san fhiosrachadh ceart agus gu bheil ùghdarras agaibh na còraichean-sgrìobhaidh a thathar ag ràdh a chaidh a bhriseadh a chur an gnìomh; ']
['agus (6) ainm-sgrìobhte corporra no eileagtronaigeach an t-sealbhadair dlighe-sgrìobhaidh no neach a tha ùghdarraichte a bhith ag obair às leth an t-sealbhadair dlighe-sgrìobhaidh. ']
["Ma dh'fhailicheas tu air a' ghearan agad a dheasachadh, faodaidh e dàil a chur air mura cuir thu a-steach am fiosrachadh gu lèir gu h-àrd."]
['Cuir fios thugainn']
['Cuir post-d thugainn le ceist / moladh sam bith.']
How is urticaria diagnosed?
Urticaria, also known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by the appearance of red, itchy, and swollen welts on the skin.
It can be caused by a variety of factors, including allergic reactions, infections, and certain medications.
Diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
1. Medical history: The doctor will ask about the patient's medical history, including any known allergies, recent illnesses, and medications taken.
They will also inquire about the onset of symptoms, their duration, and any potential triggers.
2. Physical examination: The doctor will examine the skin for the presence of welts, their size, and distribution.
They may also check for other signs of an allergic reaction, such as swelling of the face, lips, or tongue.
3. Laboratory tests: In some cases, the doctor may order blood tests to check for the presence of allergies or infections.
Skin tests, such as a skin prick test or patch test, may also be performed to identify specific allergens.
4. Allergy tests: If the doctor suspects an allergic reaction, they may refer the patient to an allergist for further testing.
This may include skin prick tests, patch tests, or blood tests to identify specific allergens.
5. Differential diagnosis: The doctor will also consider other possible causes of the symptoms, such as other skin conditions or underlying medical conditions, and may order additional tests to rule these out.
6. Provocation tests: In cases of physical urticaria, where the hives are triggered by physical stimuli such as heat, cold, or pressure, the doctor may perform a provocation test to confirm the diagnosis.
This involves exposing the skin to the suspected trigger to see if a reaction occurs.
7. Autoimmune tests: In cases of chronic urticaria, the doctor may order tests to check for autoimmune disorders, as these can sometimes cause the condition.
8. Imaging tests: In rare cases, imaging tests such as an X-ray or CT scan may be ordered to rule out other conditions that may cause similar symptoms.
Overall, diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
The goal is to identify the underlying cause and determine the best course of treatment for the patient.
Disclaimer: medical
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['Mu dheidhinn']
["Bidh BioMedLib a' cleachdadh choimpiutairean fèin-ghluasadach (algorithms ionnsachaidh innealan) gus paidhrichean ceist is freagairt a chruthachadh."]
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