Olee otú e si achọpụta na mmadụ nwere ọrịa cancer akpa ume?
A na-achọpụta ọrịa cancer akpa ume site n'iji ule na usoro dị iche iche eme ihe, nke pụrụ ịgụnye:
1. Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọrịa na nnyocha ahụ ike: Dọkịta ga-ajụ banyere mgbaàmà gị, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ise siga, na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọrịa cancer akpa ume n'ezinụlọ gị.
Ha ga-emekwa nnyocha anụ ahụ iji chọpụta ma è nwere ihe ịrịba ama ọ bụla nke ọrịa ahụ.
2. Nnyocha ihe oyiyi: A na-ejikarị X-rays nke obi na CT eme ihe iji mepụta ihe oyiyi zuru ezu nke akpa ume na ihe ndị gbara ya gburugburu.
Nnyocha ndị a pụrụ inye aka ịchọpụta ihe ndị na-adịghị mma, dị ka akụrụ ma ọ bụ nodules, bụ́ ndị pụrụ igosi na e nwere ọrịa cancer akpa ume.
3. Sputum cytology: A na-enyocha ihe nlele nke sputum gị (mucus a na-aṅụ site na akpa ume) n'okpuru microscope iji chọọ mkpụrụ ndụ cancer.
4. Biopsy: A na-ewepụ ihe nlele nke akwara akpa ume ma nyochaa ya n'okpuru microscope iji chọpụta ma è nwere mkpụrụ ndụ cancer.
A pụrụ ime nke a site na bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, ma ọ bụ surgical biopsy.
5. Bronchoscopy: A na-etinye ọkpọkọ dị gịrịgịrị, nke na-enwu gbaa nke nwere igwefoto site n'imi ma ọ bụ n'ọnụ gaa n'olu iji nyochaa ụzọ iku ume na akpa ume.
A pụkwara iji usoro a na-anakọta ihe nlele anụ ahụ maka biopsy.
6. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA): A na-etinye agịga dị gịrịgịrị n'ime nodule ma ọ bụ ụyọkọ akpa ume iji chịkọta ihe nlele nke mkpụrụ ndụ maka nnyocha.
7. Thoracentesis: A na-eji agịga ewepụ mmiri site n'ebe dị n'etiti akpa ume na mgbidi obi, a na-enyochakwa mmiri ahụ maka mkpụrụ ndụ kansa.
8. Nnyocha ọbara: Ọ bụ ezie na nanị nnyocha ọbara apụghị ịchọpụta ọrịa cancer akpa ume, ha pụrụ inye aka chọpụta ọnọdụ ahụ ike nke onye ọrịa ahụ n'ozuzu ya ma chọpụta ihe ọ bụla na-adịghị mma nke pụrụ igosi na e nwere ọrịa cancer.
9. Nyocha ọkpụkpụ, MRI, nyocha anụmanụ, na ule ndị ọzọ: A pụrụ iji ule ndị a chọpụta ma ọrịa cancer ọ̀ agbasawo n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke ahụ.
Ozugbo a chọpụtara ọrịa cancer akpa ume, a pụrụ ime nnyocha ndị ọzọ iji chọpụta ọkwa nke ọrịa cancer ahụ, bụ́ nke na-enyere aka iduzi mkpebi banyere otú a ga-esi gwọọ ya.
Nnyocha ndị a nwere ike ịgụnye nyocha ndị ọzọ, dị ka CT scan nke ụbụrụ, scan ọkpụkpụ, ma ọ bụ positron emission tomography (PET) scan.
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How is lung cancer diagnosed?
Lung cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Medical history and physical examination: The doctor will ask about your symptoms, smoking history, and family history of lung cancer.
They will also perform a physical examination to check for any signs of the disease.
2. Imaging tests: Chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans are commonly used to create detailed images of the lungs and surrounding structures.
These tests can help detect abnormalities, such as tumors or nodules, that may indicate the presence of lung cancer.
3. Sputum cytology: A sample of your sputum (mucus coughed up from the lungs) is examined under a microscope to look for cancer cells.
4. Biopsy: A sample of lung tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
This can be done through a bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, or surgical biopsy.
5. Bronchoscopy: A thin, lighted tube with a camera is inserted through the nose or mouth and down the throat to examine the airways and lungs.
This procedure can also be used to collect tissue samples for biopsy.
6. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA): A thin needle is inserted into the lung nodule or mass to collect a sample of cells for examination.
7. Thoracentesis: Fluid is removed from the space between the lungs and chest wall using a needle, and the fluid is then examined for cancer cells.
8. Blood tests: While blood tests alone cannot diagnose lung cancer, they can help determine the overall health of the patient and identify any abnormalities that may indicate the presence of cancer.
9. Bone scan, mri, pet scan, and other tests: These tests may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once lung cancer is diagnosed, additional tests may be performed to determine the stage of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.
These tests may include more imaging tests, such as a CT scan of the brain, bone scan, or positron emission tomography (PET) scan.
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