1. Ịṅụ sịga: Ịṅụ sịga bụ isi ihe na-akpata ọrịa cancer akpa ume.
Ihe ize ndụ ahụ na-abawanye ka ọnụ ọgụgụ sịga mmadụ na-ese kwa ụbọchị na ọnụ ọgụgụ afọ onye ahụ na-ese siga na-abawanye.
2. Ịṅụ sịga n'aka ndị ọzọ: Ịṅụ sịga n'aka ndị ọzọ pụrụ ime ka ndị na-anaghị aṅụ sịga nwekwuo ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa ọrịa cancer akpa ume.
3. Radon gas: Ịnọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa ọrịa cancer akpa ume pụrụ ịbawanye ma ọ bụrụ na mmadụ na-enweta radon gas n'ọtụtụ buru ibu, bụ́ gas na-agbapụ agbapụ nke na-adị n'okike.
4. Asbestos na ihe ndị ọzọ na-akpata ọrịa kansa: Asbestos, arsenic, chromium, nickel, soot, tar, na ihe ndị ọzọ pụrụ ịkpata ọrịa cancer akpa ume.
5. Mmetọ ikuku: Ịnọgide na-enwe mmetọ ikuku ruo ogologo oge, karịsịa n'obodo ukwu, pụrụ ime ka ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa ọrịa cancer akpa ume mụbaa ntakịrị.
6. Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ezinụlọ: Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ezinụlọ nke ọrịa cancer akpa ume pụrụ ime ka onye ahụ nwekwuo ihe ize ndụ.
7. Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọrịa akpa ume: Ndị nwere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọrịa akpa ume dị ka ọrịa akpa ume na-egbochi ọrịa (COPD) ma ọ bụ ụkwara nta nwere ike inwe ihe ize ndụ dị ukwuu nke ọrịa cancer akpa ume.
8. Afọ ndụ: Ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa ọrịa cancer akpa ume na-abawanye ka mmadụ na-etolite, ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-arịa ya bụ ndị karịrị afọ 65.
10. Ọgwụgwọ ụzarị ọkụ: Ọgwụgwọ ụzarị ọkụ e mere n'oge gara aga n'obi maka ọrịa cancer ndị ọzọ pụrụ ime ka ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa cancer akpa ume bawanye.
11. Nri: Nri na-enweghị mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri pụrụ ime ka e nwekwuo ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa ọrịa cancer akpa ume.
12. Ịṅụbiga mmanya ókè: Ịṅụbiga mmanya ókè pụrụ ime ka e nwekwuo ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa ọrịa cancer akpa ume.
13. Mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa: Ụdị mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ụfọdụ pụrụ ime ka e nwekwuo ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa ọrịa cancer akpa ume.
Ọ dị mkpa iburu n'uche na inwe otu ma ọ bụ karịa n'ime ihe ndị a na-akpata ihe ize ndụ apụtaghị na mmadụ ga-arịa ọrịa cancer akpa ume, ụfọdụ ndị na-arịa ọrịa cancer akpa ume pụkwara inwe ihe ize ndụ ọ bụla a maara.
Otú ọ dị, ibelata ma ọ bụ izere ikpughe onwe gị n'ihe ize ndụ ndị a pụrụ inye aka belata ohere nke ịrịa ọrịa cancer akpa ume.
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Hosseini M, Naghan PA, Karimi S, SeyedAlinaghi S, Bahadori M, Khodadad K, Mohammadi F, Kaynama K, Keynama K, Masjedi MR: Environmental risk factors for lung cancer in Iran: a case-control study. Int J Epidemiol. 2009, 38 (4): 989-96.
Zhou X, Hu J, Zhang C, Zhan Y, Song Y, Fan W, Hu Z, Yang H, Yang Q, Wu D, Li F, Li D, Nie R: Clinical characteristics and risk factors for in-hospital mortality of lung cancer patients with COVID-19: A multicenter, retrospective, cohort study. Thorac Cancer. 2021, 12 (1): 57-65.
Liu X, Fan Y, Jiang Y, Xiang J, Wang J, Sun Z, Ren G, Yao S, Chang R, Zhao Y, Qiao Y, Zhou Q: [A cohort study on risk factors of lung cancer in Yunnan tin miners]. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 2013, 16 (4): 184-90.
Aoun J, Saleh N, Waked M, Salamé J, Salameh P: Lung cancer correlates in Lebanese adults: a pilot case--control study. J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2013, 3 (4): 235-44.
Chan-Yeung M, Koo LC, Ho JC, Tsang KW, Chau WS, Chiu SW, Ip MS, Lam WK: Risk factors associated with lung cancer in Hong Kong. Lung Cancer. 2003, 40 (2): 131-40.
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Mkparịta ụka
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What are the risk factors for lung cancer?
The risk factors for lung cancer include:
1. Smoking: Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer.
The risk increases with the number of cigarettes smoked per day and the number of years a person has smoked.
2. Secondhand smoke: Exposure to secondhand smoke can increase the risk of lung cancer in non-smokers.
3. Radon gas: Exposure to high levels of radon gas, a naturally occurring radioactive gas, can increase the risk of lung cancer.
4. Asbestos and other carcinogens: Exposure to asbestos, arsenic, chromium, nickel, soot, tar, and other substances can cause lung cancer.
5. Air pollution: Long-term exposure to air pollution, particularly in urban areas, may slightly increase the risk of lung cancer.
6. Family history: A family history of lung cancer may increase a person's risk.
7. Personal history of lung disease: People with a history of lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or tuberculosis may have an increased risk of lung cancer.
8. Age: The risk of lung cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in people over the age of 65.
9. Gender: Men are more likely to develop lung cancer than women.
10. Radiation therapy: Previous radiation therapy to the chest for other cancers can increase the risk of lung cancer.
11. Diet: A diet low in fruits and vegetables may increase the risk of lung cancer.
12. Alcohol consumption: Heavy alcohol consumption may increase the risk of lung cancer.
13. Genetics: Certain genetic mutations may increase the risk of lung cancer.
It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not necessarily mean a person will develop lung cancer, and some people who develop lung cancer may not have any known risk factors.
However, reducing or avoiding exposure to these risk factors can help lower the chances of developing lung cancer.
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