Olee otú e si achọpụta na mmadụ nwere ọrịa cancer prostate?
A na-achọpụta ọrịa cancer prostate site n'iji ule na usoro dị iche iche eme ihe, nke pụrụ ịgụnye:
1. Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): Dọkịta na-etinye mkpịsị aka e ji uwe aka mee, nke e ji mmanụ mee n'ime rectum iji chọpụta ma prostate ò nwere ihe na-adịghị mma.
2. Ule nke Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA): Nke a bụ ule ọbara nke na-atụle ọkwa nke PSA, protein nke prostate gland na-emepụta.
Ọnụọgụ PSA dị elu pụrụ igosi na e nwere ọrịa cancer prostate.
3. Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS): A na-etinye obere nyocha n'ime rectum iji mepụta onyinyo nke prostate site n'iji ebili mmiri ụda eme ihe.
Nke a pụrụ inye aka ịchọpụta ihe ọ bụla na-adịghị mma n'ahụ́ prostate.
4. Biopsy: A na-ewepụ obere ihe nlele nke akwara prostate ma nyochaa ya n'okpuru microscope maka ọnụnọ nke mkpụrụ ndụ cancer.
Nke a bụ nanị ụzọ doro anya e si achọpụta ọrịa cancer prostate.
5. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): MRI nke prostate pụrụ inyere aka ịchọpụta ihe ọ bụla na-adịghị mma ma duzie usoro a na-eji eme nnyocha ahụ.
6. Nnwale Genomic: Ụfọdụ ndị dọkịta nwere ike iji ule genomic nyere aka chọpụta otú ọrịa cancer si dị njọ ma duzie mkpebi banyere otú e si agwọ ya.
7. Nyocha ọkpụkpụ: A pụrụ ime nnyocha ọkpụkpụ iji chọpụta ma ọrịa cancer ọ̀ agbasawo n'ọkpụkpụ.
8. Computed Tomography (CT) Scan: A pụrụ iji CT scan chọpụta ma ọrịa cancer ọ̀ gbasasịrị n'ahụ́ ma ọ bụ n'ahụ́ ndị ọzọ.
Ọ dị mkpa iburu n'uche na ọ bụghị ụmụ nwoke nile nwere ọkwa PSA dị elu ma ọ bụ nsonaazụ DRE na-adịghị mma ga-enwe ọrịa cancer prostate, ọ bụghịkwa ọrịa cancer prostate nile ga-akpata ọkwa PSA dị elu.
N'ihi ya, ọ dị mkpa ime nnyocha iji kwado nchoputa ahụ.
Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a na-eme mkpebi ịwa ahụ mgbe e lebasịrị nsonaazụ nke ule ndị a na ihe ndị na-akpata ihe ize ndụ na mmasị onye ahụ anya.
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Marenco J, Kasivisvanathan V, Emberton M: New standards in prostate biopsy. Arch Esp Urol. 2019, 72 (2): 142-149.
Moradi M, Mousavi P, Abolmaesumi P: Computer-aided diagnosis of prostate cancer with emphasis on ultrasound-based approaches: a review. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2007, 33 (7): 1010-28.
Cuperlovic-Culf M, Belacel N, Davey M, Ouellette RJ: Multi-gene biomarker panel for reference free prostate cancer diagnosis: determination and independent validation. Biomarkers. 2010, 15 (8): 693-706.
McGrath SE, Michael A, Morgan R, Pandha H: EN2: a novel prostate cancer biomarker. Biomark Med. 2013, 7 (6): 893-901.
An Y, Chang W, Wang W, Wu H, Pu K, Wu A, Qin Z, Tao Y, Yue Z, Wang P, Wang Z: A novel tetrapeptide fluorescence sensor for early diagnosis of prostate cancer based on imaging Zn2+ in healthy versus cancerous cells. J Adv Res. 2020, 24 (): 363-370.
[Consensus of Chinese experts on the application of molecular imaging targeting prostate specific membrane antigen in prostate cancer patients]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2018, 56 (2): 91-94.
Zhong WD, He HC, Bi XC, Ou RB, Jiang SA, Liu LS: cDNA macroarray for analysis of gene expression profiles in prostate cancer. Chin Med J (Engl). 2006, 119 (7): 570-3.
Nkwupụta: ọgwụgwọ
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Biko rịba ama na netwọkụ akwara nke na-emepụta azịza nye ajụjụ ndị ahụ, bụ ihe na-ezighi ezi mgbe ọ na-abịa na ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọnụọgụ ndị mmadụ chọpụtara na ọrịa akọwapụtara.
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Mkparịta ụka
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How is prostate cancer diagnosed?
Prostate cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): A doctor inserts a gloved, lubricated finger into the rectum to feel the prostate for any abnormalities.
2. Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test: This is a blood test that measures the level of PSA, a protein produced by the prostate gland.
Elevated PSA levels may indicate the presence of prostate cancer.
3. Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS): A small probe is inserted into the rectum to create an image of the prostate using sound waves.
This can help identify any abnormalities in the prostate gland.
4. Biopsy: A small sample of prostate tissue is removed and examined under a microscope for the presence of cancer cells.
This is the only definitive way to diagnose prostate cancer.
5. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): An MRI scan of the prostate can help identify any abnormalities and guide the biopsy procedure.
6. Genomic Testing: Some doctors may use genomic tests to help determine the aggressiveness of the cancer and guide treatment decisions.
7. Bone Scan: A bone scan may be performed to check if the cancer has spread to the bones.
8. Computed Tomography (CT) Scan: A CT scan may be used to check if the cancer has spread to other organs or tissues.
It is important to note that not all men with elevated PSA levels or abnormal DRE results will have prostate cancer, and not all prostate cancers will cause elevated PSA levels.
Therefore, a biopsy is necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
Additionally, the decision to undergo a biopsy is made after considering the results of these tests and the individual's risk factors and preferences.
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