Llan aṭas n yiberdan n usafar i yellan i ssenf n kurunaf n tdawsa, ɣef leḥsab n uswir d tnefsit n kurunaf, am wakken i d-tettili tezmert n umdan s umata d wayen i s-yehwan.
Kra n waṭṭanen yettwassnen:
1. Aεassas amatu: Tarrayt-a tettawi-d awelleh n sser s leqder n ukansir s ukayad d ukayad n yal tikkelt, wala ad yebdu udawi srid.
Yezmer ad yelhu i yergazen yesɛan akunsir n tbiwist n uwgelhen ur nwufqeɛ ara.
2. Tamejjayt: Tamejjayt n tgezzumt n uwren d tamhelt n usuffeɣ n tgezzumt n uwren.
Yezmer ad yettwaxdem s temhelt yeldin neɣ s laparoskop (s useqdec n tgezzulin timecṭuḥin d wallalen imsudar).
3. Asafar n ussider: Asafar-a yesseqdac asismel n tezmert tameqqrant i wakken ad ineɣ tisilunin n kunsir.
Yezmer ad yettwasers seg berra (sɣur tamacint yellan beṛṛa n tfekka) neɣ sdaxel (s usekcem n yiɣes yettwaḥerzen ɣer tama n weglim).
4. Asafar n wurɣu: Asafar-a yessimẓi idisan n wurɣu n wergaz (androgènes) deg tfekka, ayen izemren ad issenqes neɣ ad yeḥbes anerni n ukansir n tdawsa.
Yezmer ad yettwaseqdec weḥd-s neɣ deg temsetlelt d isufar-nniḍen.
5. Tamejjayt s ukimyun: Asafar-a yesseqdac ddwawi i wakken ad ineɣ tisilunin n kunsir.
Yezmer ad yettwaseqdec i ukunsir n tbiwist n uwren i yuɣalen yezdeɣ deg tamiwin nniḍen n tfekka.
6. Tamejjayt n yimenɣi: Asafar-a yettεawan anagraw n yimenɣi i umennuɣ mgal kunsir.
Yezmer ad yettwaseqdec i ukunsir n tbiwist n uwren i yeqḍen ur d-yerri ara ɣer isufar-nniḍen.
Asafar yettwaḍemnen: Asafar-a yettḥaz iyujiren neɣ tiprutinin yettmuddun afus i tsilunin n kunsir akken ad timɣurent u ad idirent.
Yezmer ad yettwaseqdec i ukunsir n tbiwist n uwren i yeqḍen ur d-yerri ara ɣer isufar-nniḍen.
8. Tanejjayt s usemmiḍ: Asafar-a yesseqdac asemmiḍ ameqqran i usemmiḍ d usenger n tsilunin n kunsir.
Yezmer ad yettwaseqdec i ukunsir n tbiwist n uwgelhen deg tezwara-s neɣ i ukunsir i d-yuɣalen deffir n isufar-nniḍen.
9. Ultrasound imeskanen n teɣzi meqqren (HIFU): Asafar-a yesseqdac tilisa n ṣṣut n teɣzi meqqren i usseḥmu d usenger n tzelɣiwin n kunsir.
Yezmer ad yettwaseqdec i ukunsir n tbiwist n uwgelhen deg tezwara-s neɣ i ukunsir i d-yuɣalen deffir n isufar-nniḍen.
10. Aɛeddi s uεeẓẓi: Tarrayt-a tettawi-d asiweḍ n uṭṭan-nni s leqraya d ukayad n yal tikkelt, maca ur yebdi ara usafar ala ma ffɣen-d isumten neɣ beddlen.
Yezmer ad yelhu i yirgazen imɣaren yesɛan akunsir n tbiwist yettnernin s ttawil akked waṭṭanen-nniḍen yuεren n tezmert.
D axatar ad temmeslayem ɣef yal tarrayt n usafar akked terbaεt n udawi akken ad tfernem abrid yelhan akk i yal talɣa.
Wang Y, Chen J, Wu Z, Ding W, Gao S, Gao Y, Xu C: Mechanisms of enzalutamide resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer and therapeutic strategies to overcome it. Br J Pharmacol. 2021, 178 (2): 239-261.
Talkar SS, Patravale VB: Gene Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Review. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2021, 21 (3): 385-396.
Šamija I, Fröbe A: CHALLENGES IN MANIPULATING IMMUNE SYSTEM TO TREAT PROSTATE CANCER. Acta Clin Croat. 2019, 58 (Suppl 2): 76-81.
Akaza H, Hinotsu S, Usami M, Ogawa O, Kagawa S, Kitamura T, Tsukamoto T, Naito S, Hirao Y, Murai M, Yamanaka H, Namiki M: The case for androgen deprivation as primary therapy for early stage disease: results from J-CaP and CaPSURE. J Urol. 2006, 176 (6 Pt 2): S47-9.
Abraham-Miranda J, Awasthi S, Yamoah K: Immunologic disparities in prostate cancer between American men of African and European descent. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2021, 164 (): 103426.
de Vrij J, Willemsen RA, Lindholm L, Hoeben RC, Bangma CH, Barber C, Behr JP, Briggs S, Carlisle R, Cheng WS, Dautzenberg IJ, de Ridder C, Dzojic H, Erbacher P, Essand M, Fisher K, Frazier A, Georgopoulos LJ, Jennings I, Kochanek S, Koppers-Lalic D, Kraaij R, Kreppel F, Magnusson M, Maitland N, Neuberg P, Nugent R, Ogris M, Remy JS, Scaife M, Schenk-Braat E, Schooten E, Seymour L, Slade M, Szyjanowicz P, Totterman T, Uil TG, Ulbrich K, van der Weel L, van Weerden W, Wagner E, Zuber G: Adenovirus-derived vectors for prostate cancer gene therapy. Hum Gene Ther. 2010, 21 (7): 795-805.
Lee E, Ha S, Logan SK: Divergent Androgen Receptor and Beta-Catenin Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells. PLoS One. 2015, 10 (10): e0141589.
['Anfafad: amejjay']
['Asmel-a web yettunefk-d kan i yiswiyen n uselmed d usissen, ur d-yettak ara iwellihen imejjayen neɣ isefka udmawanen.']
['Isallen i d-yettunefken ur ilaq ara ad ttwasqedcen i usebded neɣ i usemḥi n kra n wugur n tezmert neɣ aṭṭan, yerna wid yettnadin ɣef yiwellihen imsujjiyen udmawanen yessefk ad ẓren amejjay yesɛan turagt.']
['Ttxil-k ẓer belli azeṭṭa amseddayan i d-yettaken tiririyin i tuttriwin, ur iṣeḥḥa ara mliḥ ma yella d ayen yerzan uḍḍun. D amedya, amḍan n yimdanen yettwaḍḍfen s kra n waṭṭan.']
['Ssutur dima ṛṛay n ṭṭbib-ik neɣ n kra n umejjay-nniḍen ara iwalmen ɣef waṭṭan-ik. Ɣur-k ad tḥeqreḍ ṛṛay n ṭṭbib amsadur neɣ ad tεeṭṭleḍ deg usuter-is ɣef lǧal n kra i teɣriḍ deg usmel-a. Ma tɣileḍ ahat tesεiḍ liḥala n tεeǧlanit deg tezmert, siwel 911 neɣ ṛuḥ ɣer texxamt n tεeǧlanit i d-iqerben. Ulac assaɣ gar ṭṭbib d umuḍin i d-yettnulfun s usmel-a neɣ aseqdec-is. BioMedLib neɣ ixeddamen-is, neɣ kra n win yettekkiyen deg usmel-a, ur d-ttaken ara yakk kra n yisumren, s wawal neɣ s usemres, ɣef ayen yerzan isallen i d-yettunefken dagi neɣ aseqdec-is.']
['Anekcum: azref n uḍfar']
['Asaḍuf n umeskar n yizerfan n wemdan n alfin (Digital Millennium Copyright Act) n 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (DMCA) yettak-d ttawil i yimeskaren n yizerfan n wemdan i yumnen belli ayen i d-yettbanen deg Internet yettḍurru izerfan-nsen ddaw usaḍuf n umeskar n yizerfan n wemdan n Marikan. ']
['Ma tumneḍ s wul yelhan belli kra n taɣult neɣ taɣawsa yettwafken deg unermes-nneɣ neɣ deg yiqeddacen-nneɣ tegzem azref-ik n uḥraz, tzemreḍ (neɣ amsedday-ik) ad aɣ-d-tazneḍ izen akken ad nessuter asuffeɣ n taɣult neɣ n taɣawsa-nni, neɣ ad nessader tuqqna ɣer-s. ']
['Isental yessefk ad ttwazen s tira s yimayl (ẓer asebter "Contact" i tansa n yimayl).']
['DMCA teḥwaǧ isalli-inek n tukksa n yizerfan yettwanekṛen ad d-yeglu s yisallen-a: (1) asegzi n umahil yettwaḥerzen s yizerfan yettwanekṛen i d-yettwanekren; (2) asegzi n uḍris yettwanekren d yisallen ara aɣ-yeǧǧen ad d-naf uḍris-nni; (3) isallen n usiwel inek, ladɣa tansa-inek, uṭṭun n tilifun d tansa imayl; (4) awal sɣur-k d akken tumneḍ s wayen yelhan belli aḍris-nni s wamek i d-tettcetkiḍ ur yettwasemres ara sɣur bab n yizerfan, neɣ amesten-is, neɣ s useqdec n kra n usaḍuf; ']
['(5) yiwet n tseddi sɣur-k, yettwatten s uḥasef n lekdeb, d akken isallen yellan deg uzenzi d iṣeḥḥan u tesεiḍ azref ad tesseḍruḍ izerfan umeskar i d-yeqqaren ttwarẓen; ']
['akked (6) azmul n tfekka neɣ n tuqqna tagensit n bab n yizerfan neɣ n umdan yettwafernen ad yexdem s yisem n bab n yizerfan. ']
['Ma ur d-terriḍ ara isallen-agi akk, yezmer ad d-yeglu s uεeṭṭel deg usefrek n ucetki-inek.']
['Assaɣ']
['Ttxil-k azen-aɣ-d imayl ma tesεiḍ asteqsi / asumer.']
How to treat prostate cancer?
There are several treatment options available for prostate cancer, depending on the stage and aggressiveness of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health and personal preferences.
Some common treatments include:
1. Active surveillance: This approach involves closely monitoring the cancer with regular checkups and tests, rather than immediately starting treatment.
It may be suitable for men with low-risk prostate cancer.
2. Surgery: A prostatectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the prostate gland.
It can be done through open surgery or laparoscopically (using small incisions and specialized tools).
3. Radiation therapy: This treatment uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells.
It can be delivered externally (from a machine outside the body) or internally (through implants placed near the tumor).
4. Hormone therapy: This treatment reduces the levels of male hormones (androgens) in the body, which can slow or stop the growth of prostate cancer.
It can be used alone or in combination with other treatments.
5. Chemotherapy: This treatment uses drugs to kill cancer cells.
It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has spread to other parts of the body.
6. Immunotherapy: This treatment helps the immune system fight cancer.
It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has not responded to other treatments.
7. Targeted therapy: This treatment targets specific genes or proteins that help cancer cells grow and survive.
It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has not responded to other treatments.
8. Cryotherapy: This treatment uses extreme cold to freeze and kill cancer cells.
It may be used for early-stage prostate cancer or for cancer that has come back after other treatments.
9. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU): This treatment uses high-frequency sound waves to heat and destroy cancer cells.
It may be used for early-stage prostate cancer or for cancer that has come back after other treatments.
10. Watchful waiting: This approach involves closely monitoring the cancer with regular checkups and tests, but not starting treatment unless symptoms appear or change.
It may be suitable for older men with slow-growing prostate cancer and other serious health conditions.
It is important to discuss all treatment options with a healthcare team to determine the best course of action for each individual case.
Disclaimer: medical
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['BioMedLib yesseqdac iselkimen imseddayen (algoritmes n ulmad n tnaεurt) i usnulfu n tuqqniwin n tuttriwin d tririyin.']
['Nebda s 35 imelyan n teẓrigin n tesnujjya tameddurt n PubMed/Medline. Rnu daɣen, isebtar n web n RefinedWeb.']
