Llan aṭas n yimgan n umihi i waṭṭan n sskeṛ, gar-asen:
1. Amezruy n twacult: Ma yella yiwen seg imawlan- ik neɣ seg watmaten- ik yuḍen sskeṛ, d ayen ara k-yessegrirben.
2. Leɛmer: Amihi n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2 yettzid skud tettedduḍ ad timɣureḍ, ladɣa mbeɛd 45 iseggasen.
3. Taẓayt: Ma tẓeyyeḍ neɣ ma tẓeyyeḍ aṭas, tzemreḍ ad tḍurrneḍ waṭṭan-a.
4. Aɣbel n tikli: Axuṣṣ n tikli tezmer ad yesnerni amihi-inek.
5. Tawsit neɣ tawsit: Kra n yegrawen n yegduden, am wid n Marikan n Tefriqt, wid n Marikan n Spenyul, Imezdaɣ n Marikan d wid n Marikan n Asya, sɛan amihi meqqren n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2.
6. Aṭṭan n sskeṛ n tlawin yellan s tadist: Tilawin i yuḍnen aṭṭan n sskeṛ n tlawin yellan s tadist, yezmer lḥal ad tent-yeṭṭef sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2 mi ara awḍent ɣer zdat.
7. Aṭṭan n tmellalin timseksumin: Tilawin yuḍnen aṭṭan-a ttilint deg umihi meqqren n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2.
8. Aṭṭan n ubeddel n uksum: D wa i d aṭṭan i d-yettawin s waṭas lehlak n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2.
9. Akeyyef: Akeyyef yezmer ad yesnerni tuṭṭfa n insulin, ayen i d-yettawin ssebba n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2.
10. Aṭṭan n sskeṛ: Win yesεan aṭṭan n sskeṛ, neɣ win yesεan deg idammen- is ugar n wayen ilaqen, yezmer ad t- yuɣ waṭṭan n sskeṛ wis sin.
11. Taẓeyt n llufan-nni tamecṭuḥt: Iṭufanen i d-ilulen s taẓeyt tamecṭuḥt, yezmer ad ten-yeṭṭef waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2 mi ara imɣuren.
12. Tanezzayt n yidammen: Ma tesεiḍ tanezzayt n yidammen, tettawi- d srid ɣer waṭas n liḥalat n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis sin.
13. Aswir n cholesterol d triglycerides ur nṣeḥḥa ara: Aswir εlayen n triglycerides d uswir n cholesterol HDL (ayen yelhan) ixuṣṣen, rennun-d amihi n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2.
14. Anezwu n nnefs: Wid yesεan anezwu n nnefs deg yiḍes, yezmer ad ten-yeṭṭef waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis sin.
15. Sstres: Sstres am wa yezmer ad yesnerni amihi n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis sin.
16. Kra n ddwawi: Kra n ddwawi, am wid yessexdamen isṭiryuṭen d wid yessexdamen ddwawi i d-yettaken lehlakat n wallaɣ, zemren ad ssemɣaren amihi n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2.
17. Asnefli: Asnefli amezzay yezmer ad yesnerni amihi n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2.
18. Tudert n usgunfu: Tudert n usgunfu tezmer ad ternu amihi n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis sin.
19. Učči yeččuren d zzit d tikaluṛyin: učči yeččuren d zzit ur nelhi d tikaluṛyin yezmer ad yesnerni amihi n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis sin.
20. Tissit n larkul: Tissit n larkul s waṭas tezmer ad ternu amihi n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis sin.
21. Iɣimi: Iɣimi ur d-yettak ara ddeqs n wakud yezmer ad yesnerni amihi n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2.
22. Asluɣu n ubeḥri: Asluɣu n ubeḥri yezmer ad yesnerni amihi n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2.
23. Kra n waṭṭanen: Kra n waṭṭanen am waṭṭan n tgezzayt C, zemren ad snernin amihi n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2.
24. Aswir εlayen n homocysteine: Aswir εlayen n homocysteine, yiwen n usid amini, yezmer ad yesnerni amihi n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2.
25. Aswir εlayen n uric acid: Aswir εlayen n uric acid, d afaris n usexsi, yezmer ad yesnerni amihi n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2.
26. Aswir εlayen n C-reactive protein: Aswir εlayen n C-reactive protein, d amatar n tnefsit, yezmer ad yesnerni amihi n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2.
27. Aswir εlayen n fibrinogen: Aswir εlayen n fibrinogen, d taṛbut yettekkan deg usemmiḍ n yidammen, yezmer ad yesnerni amihi n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2.
28. Aswir εlayen n PAI-1: Aswir εlayen n PAI-1, d abelluḍ yettekka deg usemmiḍ n yidammen, yezmer ad yesnerni amihi n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2.
29. Aswir εlayen n leptin: Aswir εlayen n leptin, d ahurmun yettekkan deg usefrek n laẓ, yezmer ad yesnerni amihi n waṭṭan n sskeṛ n ṣṣenf wis 2.
30. Aswir εlayen n resistin: Aswir εlayen n resistin, d ahurmun yettekka deg tuṭṭfa n insulin, yezmer ad yesnerni amihi n usnulfu n
King WM, Saseen JJ, Anderson SL: Characterization of diabetes risk factors in patients prescribed chronic statin therapy. Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2014, 5 (5): 206-11.
Bielinski SJ, Pankow JS, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Bailey K, Li M, Selvin E, Couper D, Vazquez G, Brancati F: Strength of association for incident diabetes risk factors according to diabetes case definitions: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2012, 175 (5): 466-72.
Gangwisch JE, Gross R, Malaspina D: Differential Associations Between Depression, Risk Factors for Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Incidence in a Large U.S. Sample. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2015, 52 (2): 85-90.
Leiva AM, Martínez MA, Petermann F, Garrido-Méndez A, Poblete-Valderrama F, Díaz-Martínez X, Celis-Morales C: [Risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes in Chile]. Nutr Hosp. 2018, 35 (2): 400-407.
Chatterjee R, Maruthur NM, Edelman D: Novel Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in African-Americans. Curr Diab Rep. 2015, 15 (12): 103.
Higa S, Maesato A, Ishigaki S, Suenari K, Chen YJ, Chen SA: Diabetes and Endocrine Disorders (Hyperthyroidism/Hypothyroidism) as Risk Factors for Atrial Fibrillation. Card Electrophysiol Clin. 2021, 13 (1): 63-75.
Brodalko B: [Diabetes risk factors in the Regional Railway Hospital in Lublin, described on the basis of medical documentation]. Wiad Lek. 2000, 53 (5-6): 255-61.
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['akked (6) azmul n tfekka neɣ n tuqqna tagensit n bab n yizerfan neɣ n umdan yettwafernen ad yexdem s yisem n bab n yizerfan. ']
['Ma ur d-terriḍ ara isallen-agi akk, yezmer ad d-yeglu s uεeṭṭel deg usefrek n ucetki-inek.']
['Assaɣ']
['Ttxil-k azen-aɣ-d imayl ma tesεiḍ asteqsi / asumer.']
What are the risk factors for diabetes?
There are several risk factors for diabetes, including:
1. Family history: Having a parent or sibling with diabetes increases your risk.
2. Age: The risk of type 2 diabetes increases as you get older, especially after age 45.
3. Weight: Being overweight or obese increases your risk.
4. Physical inactivity: Lack of exercise can increase your risk.
5. Race or ethnicity: Certain ethnic groups, such as African Americans, Hispanic Americans, Native Americans, and Asian Americans, have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
6. Gestational diabetes: Women who have had gestational diabetes during pregnancy are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
7. Polycystic ovary syndrome: Women with this condition have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
8. Metabolic syndrome: This cluster of conditions, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and large waist circumference, increases the risk of type 2 diabetes.
9. Smoking: Smoking can increase insulin resistance, which can lead to type 2 diabetes.
10. Prediabetes: Having prediabetes, or higher than normal blood sugar levels, increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
11. Low birth weight: Babies with low birth weight have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
12. High blood pressure: Having high blood pressure increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
13. Abnormal cholesterol and triglyceride levels: High levels of triglycerides and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.
14. Sleep apnea: People with sleep apnea have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
15. Stress: Chronic stress can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
16. Certain medications: Some medications, such as steroids and antipsychotics, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
17. Inflammation: Chronic inflammation can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
18. Sedentary lifestyle: A sedentary lifestyle can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
19. High-fat, high-calorie diet: Consuming a diet high in unhealthy fats and calories can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
20. Alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
21. Sleep deprivation: Inadequate sleep can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
22. Air pollution: Exposure to air pollution can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
23. Certain infections: Certain infections, such as hepatitis C, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
24. High levels of homocysteine: High levels of homocysteine, an amino acid, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
25. High levels of uric acid: High levels of uric acid, a waste product, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
26. High levels of C-reactive protein: High levels of C-reactive protein, a marker of inflammation, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
27. High levels of fibrinogen: High levels of fibrinogen, a protein involved in blood clotting, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
28. High levels of PAI-1: High levels of PAI-1, a protein involved in blood clotting, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
29. High levels of leptin: High levels of leptin, a hormone involved in appetite regulation, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
30. High levels of resistin: High levels of resistin, a hormone involved in insulin resistance, can increase the risk of developing
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