Kanseru di pulmon ta diagnostikadu ku txeu tipu di testi y prosedimentu sima:
1. Stória di duénsa y izami fíziku: Dotor ta pergunta sobri bus síntomas, bu stória di fuma i kenha ki ten kankru di pulmon na família.
Tanbê, es ta bai djobe si kel algen tene algun sinal di duénsa.
2. Testi di imaji: ta uzadu txeu raiu X na petu i tomografia konputadu (TC) pa faze imaji di pulmon i di kes párti di pulmon ki ta fika pértu.
Kes izami pode djuda diskubri kalker kuza sima tumor ô nódulu na pulmon ki pode mostra ma ten kankru na pulmon.
3. Sítulu di espetro: Es ta mostra-u un mostra di espetro (muco ki ta sai di pulmon) pa es pode odja si ten sélula di kankru.
4. Biópsia: ta fazedu un biopsia di pulmon pa odja si el ten sélulas di kankru.
Kel-li pode fazedu ku bronkoskopia, biópsia ô operason.
5. Bronkoskópia: Un tubu finu i ku lus, ta fazedu ku un mákina di tra foto i ta insertu pa naris ô bóka i ta bai ti garganta pa izamina kes via aérea i pulmon.
Tanbê es pode uza kel métodu li pa toma tisidu di algen.
6. Aspirason ku un adju finu: Un adju finu ta entra na nódulu ô na kel monti di pulmon pa podu un amostra di sélulas pa faze izamis.
7. Torasentézi: Un ago ta uzadu pa tra likidu di kel párti ki ta fika entri pulmon ku bariga.
8. Analisis di sangi: Nbóra sô analisis di sangi ka ta pode mostra ma algen ten kankru na pulmon, es pode djuda sabe kal ki é se saúdi i odja kalker kuza ki pode mostra ma el ten kankru.
9. Skânera di osu, MRI, PET scan i otus tipu di izamis: Kes izamis li pode uzadu pa sabe si kankru spadja pa otus párti di korpu.
Dipôs ki diagnostikadu, pode fazedu otus izamis pa sabe ki stádiu di kankru dja sta.
Tanbê, pode fazedu otus tipu di izami sima TAC na sérebro, izami di osu ô tomografia di imison di positrons (PET).
Zhou P, Lu F, Wang J, Wang K, Liu B, Li N, Tang B: A portable point-of-care testing system to diagnose lung cancer through the detection of exosomal miRNA in urine and saliva. Chem Commun (Camb). 2020, 56 (63): 8968-8971.
Ni J, Guo Z, Zhang L: [The diagnostic significance of single or combination lung cancer-related serum biomarkers in high risk lung cancer patients]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2016, 55 (1): 25-30.
Nishiyama N, Nakatani S, Iwasa R, Taguchi S, Inoue K, Kinoshita H: [Differential diagnosis between peripheral lung cancer invading the chest wall and chest-wall tumors]. Kyobu Geka. 1997, 50 (10): 893-7.
Kang C, Wang D, Zhang X, Wang L, Wang F, Chen J: Construction and Validation of a Lung Cancer Diagnostic Model Based on 6-Gene Methylation Frequency in Blood, Clinical Features, and Serum Tumor Markers. Comput Math Methods Med. 2021, 2021 (): 9987067.
Heydari F, Rafsanjani MK: A Review on Lung Cancer Diagnosis Using Data Mining Algorithms. Curr Med Imaging. 2021, 17 (1): 16-26.
Li L, Feng T, Zhang W, Gao S, Wang R, Lv W, Zhu T, Yu H, Qian B: MicroRNA Biomarker hsa-miR-195-5p for Detecting the Risk of Lung Cancer. Int J Genomics. 2020, 2020 (): 7415909.
Li B, Yuan Q, Zou YT, Su T, Lin Q, Zhang YQ, Shi WQ, Liang RB, Ge QM, Li QY, Shao Y: CA-125, CA-153, and CYFRA21-1 as clinical indicators in male lung cancer with ocular metastasis. J Cancer. 2020, 11 (10): 2730-2736.
Magee ND, Villaumie JS, Marple ET, Ennis M, Elborn JS, McGarvey JJ: Ex vivo diagnosis of lung cancer using a Raman miniprobe. J Phys Chem B. 2009, 113 (23): 8137-41.
['Diskrison: médiku']
['Es site é sô pa studa i pa da informason.']
['Kes informason li ka debe uzadu pa faze diagnóstiku ô pa kura algun prubléma di saúdi.']
['Pur favor, toma nota ma redi neuronal ki ta jenera respóstas pa perguntas, é spesialmenti inakuradu óras ki ta papiadu di konteúdu numériku. Pur izénplu, nunbru di pesoas diagnostikadu ku un duénsa spesifiku.']
['Sénpri buska konsedju di bu médiku ó otu prestador di kuidadu di saúdi kualifikadu sobri un kondison médiku. Nunka ka bu nega konsedju di médiku profisional ô atrasa na buska-l pamodi algun kuza ki bu lé na es pájina. Si bu atxa ma bu pode ten un imerjénsia médiku, txoma 911 ô bai pa kuartu di imerjénsia más pértu imediatamenti.']
['Diskubri autor']
['Lei di Direitus Umanu Digital di 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (o DMCA) ta dispunibiliza rikursus pa titular di direitus ki ta atxa ma material ki ta parsi na Internet ta viola ses direitus di akordu ku lei di direitus di autor di Stadus Unidus. ']
['Si bu kré, di bon fé, ki kualker kontiudu ô material disponibilizadu na nos site ô servisus ta viola bu direitus di autor, bo (ô bu ajenti) podi manda-nu un avizu ta pidi pa retiradu ô blokia es konteúdu ô material.']
['Nu ten ki manda un mensaji pa email (odja "Contact" pa kel email).']
['Es lei ta iziji ki bu notifikason di alegadu violason di copyright inklui kes siginti informason: (1) un deskripson di obra protejedu pa copyright ki e sujetu di alegadu violason; (2) un deskripson di kel konteúdu alegadu y informason sufisienti pa permiti-nu lokaliza kel konteúdu; (3) informason di kontatu pa bo, inkluindu bu enderesu, númeru di tilifon i enderesu di email; (4) un deklarason di bo ki ten un bon fé ma kel konteúdu di forma reklamadu ka e autorizadu pa donu di copyright, o pa se ajenti, o pa kualker lei; ']
['5. un deklarason di bu senhoriu, asinadu sob pena di perjúriu, ma informason na notifikason é izatu y ma bu ten autoridadi pa pratika kel direitu di autor ki foi violadu;']
['i (6) un asinatura fíziku ô iletróniku di kel algen ki é donu di direitus di autor ô di un algen ki sta autorizadu pa aji na se nómi.']
['Si bu ka da tudu informason, kel informason pode dimora txeu ténpu.']
['Kontaktu di Grupu']
['Pur favor, manda-nu email ku kalker pergunta/sugeston.']
How is lung cancer diagnosed?
Lung cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Medical history and physical examination: The doctor will ask about your symptoms, smoking history, and family history of lung cancer.
They will also perform a physical examination to check for any signs of the disease.
2. Imaging tests: Chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans are commonly used to create detailed images of the lungs and surrounding structures.
These tests can help detect abnormalities, such as tumors or nodules, that may indicate the presence of lung cancer.
3. Sputum cytology: A sample of your sputum (mucus coughed up from the lungs) is examined under a microscope to look for cancer cells.
4. Biopsy: A sample of lung tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
This can be done through a bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, or surgical biopsy.
5. Bronchoscopy: A thin, lighted tube with a camera is inserted through the nose or mouth and down the throat to examine the airways and lungs.
This procedure can also be used to collect tissue samples for biopsy.
6. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA): A thin needle is inserted into the lung nodule or mass to collect a sample of cells for examination.
7. Thoracentesis: Fluid is removed from the space between the lungs and chest wall using a needle, and the fluid is then examined for cancer cells.
8. Blood tests: While blood tests alone cannot diagnose lung cancer, they can help determine the overall health of the patient and identify any abnormalities that may indicate the presence of cancer.
9. Bone scan, mri, pet scan, and other tests: These tests may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once lung cancer is diagnosed, additional tests may be performed to determine the stage of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.
These tests may include more imaging tests, such as a CT scan of the brain, bone scan, or positron emission tomography (PET) scan.
Disclaimer: medical
This web site is provided for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute providing medical advice or professional services.
The information provided should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease, and those seeking personal medical advice should consult with a licensed physician.
Please note the neural net that generates answers to the questions, is specially inaccurate when it comes to numeric content. For example, the number of people diagnosed with a specific disease.
Always seek the advice of your doctor or other qualified health provider regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room immediately. No physician-patient relationship is created by this web site or its use. Neither BioMedLib nor its employees, nor any contributor to this web site, makes any representations, express or implied, with respect to the information provided herein or to its use.
Disclaimer: copyright
The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the “DMCA”) provides recourse for copyright owners who believe that material appearing on the Internet infringes their rights under U.S. copyright law. If you believe in good faith that any content or material made available in connection with our website or services infringes your copyright, you (or your agent) may send us a notice requesting that the content or material be removed, or access to it blocked. Notices must be sent in writing by email (see 'Contact' section for email address) . The DMCA requires that your notice of alleged copyright infringement include the following information: (1) description of the copyrighted work that is the subject of claimed infringement; (2) description of the alleged infringing content and information sufficient to permit us to locate the content; (3) contact information for you, including your address, telephone number and email address; (4) a statement by you that you have a good faith belief that the content in the manner complained of is not authorized by the copyright owner, or its agent, or by the operation of any law; (5) a statement by you, signed under penalty of perjury, that the information in the notification is accurate and that you have the authority to enforce the copyrights that are claimed to be infringed; and (6) a physical or electronic signature of the copyright owner or a person authorized to act on the copyright owner’s behalf. Failure to include all of the above information may result in the delay of the processing of your complaint.
['Na kel ténpu']
['BioMedLib ta uza konputador automatizadu (algoritmus di aprendizagen di mákina) pa gera pares di pergunta y rasposta.']
['Nu ta kumesa ku 35 milhon di publikason biomédicu di PubMed/Medline. tanbê pájinas di internet di RefinedWeb.']
