Urtikária, tanbê konxedu pa urtikária, é un kondison di péli karaterizadu pa aparison di kor burmedju, ku dor, y marcas inchadu na péli.
El pode ser kauza di txeu kuzas sima alerjia, infeson i algun medikamentu.
Pa pode diagnostikadu urtikária, ta fazedu txeu kuza sima izénplu di algen, izami fíziku i alguns bês izamis di laboratóriu.
1. Stória di duénsa: Dotor ta pergunta sobri stória di duénsa di kel algen, sima alerjia, duénsa ki el panha i algun otu tipu di medikamentu ki el toma.
Tanbê es ta pergunta-u kantu bu tevi kes sintoma, kantu ténpu ki es dura i kuzê ki pode ser motivu di kes sintoma.
2. Izamis: dotor ta izamina péli pa odja si ten kemadura, se tamanhu i modi ki el sta spadjadu.
Tanbê, es pode djobe otus sinal di alerjia sima inchaço na róstu, na bóka ô na língua.
3. Analisis di laboratóriu: Na alguns kazu, médiku pode faze-u anális di sangi pa djobe si bu ka tene algun kuza kóntra el ô algun infeson.
Tanbê pode fazedu alguns tipu di izamis di péli pa sabe kal ki é alerjia.
4. Testi di alerjia: Si dotor atxa ma algen tene algun alerjia, el pode manda-l pa un alergista pa faze más testi.
Tanbê pode fazedu alguns tipu di izamis na péli, na txon ô na sangi pa sabe kal ki é alerjia.
5. Diagnóstiku diferenti: Dotor ta djobe otus kuza ki pode ser motivu di kes sintoma, sima duénsa ô otu prubléma di péli.
6. Tésti di izaji: Na kazus di ortikária fíziku, undi ki é izamis ki ta parse pamodi kalor, friu ô preson, médiku pode faze un téstis di izaji pa konfirma diagnóstiku.
Pur isu, nu ta poi kel kuza ki nu ta pensa ma pode poi algen ta xinti medu, na se pé i nu ta odja si el ta reaji.
7. Testi di sistema imunológico: Na kazus di ortikaria kroniku, médiku pode faze alguns testi pa djobe si ka ten algun duénsa ki ta prujudika sistema imunológico.
8. Testi di imaji: Na alguns kazu, pode fazedu un radiografia ô TAC pa mostra ma kel algen ka ten otu duénsa ki pode pô-l ta xinti mésmu kuza.
Na geral, pa diagnostika urtikaria ta mestedu txeu informason di stória di duénsa, izamis fíziku y alguns bês izamis di laboratóriu.
Objetivu é sabe kal ki é motivu prinsipal i kal ki é midjór tratamentu pa kel algen.
Torabi B, Ben-Shoshan M: The association of cholinergic and cold-induced urticaria: diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2015, 2015 (): .
Schoepke N, Doumoulakis G, Maurer M: Diagnosis of urticaria. Indian J Dermatol. 2013, 58 (3): 211-8.
Hochstadter EF, Ben-Shoshan M: Cold-induced urticaria: challenges in diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2013, 2013 (): .
Ensina LF, Brandão LS, Neto HC, Ben-Shoshan M: Urticaria and angioedema in children and adolescents: diagnostic challenge. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2022, 50 (S Pt 1): 17-29.
Silvestre Salvador JF, Giménez-Arnau AM, Gómez de la Fuente E, González Del Castillo J, Martínez Virto AM, Miguens Blanco I, Serra-Baldrich E, Llorens P: Managing urticaria in the emergency department: recommendations of a multidisciplinary expert panel. Emergencias. 2021, 33 (4): 299-308.
Visitsuntorn N, Tuchinda M, Arunyanark N, Kerdsomnuk S: Ice cube test in children with cold urticaria. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 1992, 10 (2): 111-5.
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How is urticaria diagnosed?
Urticaria, also known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by the appearance of red, itchy, and swollen welts on the skin.
It can be caused by a variety of factors, including allergic reactions, infections, and certain medications.
Diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
1. Medical history: The doctor will ask about the patient's medical history, including any known allergies, recent illnesses, and medications taken.
They will also inquire about the onset of symptoms, their duration, and any potential triggers.
2. Physical examination: The doctor will examine the skin for the presence of welts, their size, and distribution.
They may also check for other signs of an allergic reaction, such as swelling of the face, lips, or tongue.
3. Laboratory tests: In some cases, the doctor may order blood tests to check for the presence of allergies or infections.
Skin tests, such as a skin prick test or patch test, may also be performed to identify specific allergens.
4. Allergy tests: If the doctor suspects an allergic reaction, they may refer the patient to an allergist for further testing.
This may include skin prick tests, patch tests, or blood tests to identify specific allergens.
5. Differential diagnosis: The doctor will also consider other possible causes of the symptoms, such as other skin conditions or underlying medical conditions, and may order additional tests to rule these out.
6. Provocation tests: In cases of physical urticaria, where the hives are triggered by physical stimuli such as heat, cold, or pressure, the doctor may perform a provocation test to confirm the diagnosis.
This involves exposing the skin to the suspected trigger to see if a reaction occurs.
7. Autoimmune tests: In cases of chronic urticaria, the doctor may order tests to check for autoimmune disorders, as these can sometimes cause the condition.
8. Imaging tests: In rare cases, imaging tests such as an X-ray or CT scan may be ordered to rule out other conditions that may cause similar symptoms.
Overall, diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
The goal is to identify the underlying cause and determine the best course of treatment for the patient.
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