What is pathophysiology of Prostate cancer?

['Tega amatwi iyi paji']

Ni iyihe mikorere y'umubiri w'indwara ya kanseri ya porositate?

Imikorere y'umubiri w'indwara ya kanseri ya porositate yerekeza ku mikorere n'imikorere y'ibanze ituma indwara itera n'uko ikura.

Kanseri ya porositate ni kanseri mbi ituruka mu ngirabuzimafatizo z'urura runini, ari rwo rugingo ruto rufite ishusho y'igi ruri munsi y'urwungano rw'inkari ku bagabo.

Iyo nyababyeyi ikora intanga ngabo, ikaba ari yo ituma intanga ngabo zibyara kandi zikazijyana.

Impamvu nyayo itera kanseri ya porositate ntabwo izwi neza, ariko hari ibintu byinshi bizwi byongera ibyago byo kuyirwara.

Muri ibyo harimo imyaka, amateka y'umuryango, ubwoko n'impinduka zimwe na zimwe mu ngirabuzima fatizo.

Kanseri ya porositate ikunze kugaragara cyane ku bagabo bakuze, aho abenshi mu bayirwaye baba bafite imyaka iri hejuru ya 65.

Nanone kandi, abagabo bafite bene wabo barwaye kanseri y'uruhu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kuyirwara, kimwe n'abirabura n'abakomoka mu birwa bya Karayibe.

Imikorere y'umubiri w'indwara ya kanseri ya porositate ni ukubyimba no kwigabanyamo kw'uturemangingo tw'indwara ya porositate.

Ibi bishobora guterwa n'impinduka mu ngirabuzima fatizo zituma habaho kwiyongera gukabije kw'ibintu bimwe na bimwe byongera ikura cyangwa se kutagira ingirabuzima fatizo zihagarika ikura ry'indwara.

Ibyo bishobora gutuma ingirabuzimafatizo zikura mu buryo budasanzwe, bigatuma habaho ikibyimba.

Uko kanseri ikura, ishobora gutera uturemangingo n'ingingo byegeranye, nk'urwungano rw'inkari, ururabo n'udutsi tw'inkorano twegeranye.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, ingirabuzimafatizo za kanseri zishobora gutandukana n'ikibyimba cy'ibanze maze zikagera mu bindi bice by'umubiri binyuze mu maraso cyangwa mu mitsi, ibyo bikaba byitwa metastase.

Iyo kanseri imaze gukwirakwira, kuyirwanya birushaho kugorana.

Kanseri ya porositate ishobora no guterwa n'imiterere y'imisemburo, cyane cyane umusemburo wa androgen testosterone.

Testosterone ishobora gutuma ingirabuzimafatizo za kanseri ya porositate zikura, kandi imiti myinshi ivura kanseri ya porositate iba igamije kugabanya igipimo cy'iyo hormone cyangwa kuyibuza gukora.

Muri make, pathophysiology ya kanseri ya porositate ikubiyemo gukura no kwigabanyamo kw'uturemangingo tudafite ubudahangarwa mu gitsina, bishobora guterwa n'impamvu z'imiterere y'uturemangingo, imisemburo n'ibidukikije.

Gusobanukirwa imikorere y'iyi ndwara ni ingenzi mu kuvumbura imiti myiza no kunoza imivurirwe y'abarwayi ba kanseri ya porositate.

['Ibitabo']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Zobniw CM, Causebrook A, Fong MK: Clinical use of abiraterone in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Res Rep Urol. 2014, 6 (): 97-105.

Lim HY, Agarwal AM, Agarwal N, Ward JH: Recurrent epistaxis as a presenting sign of androgen-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer. Singapore Med J. 2009, 50 (5): e178-80.

Kohli M, Qin R, Jimenez R, Dehm SM: Biomarker-based targeting of the androgen-androgen receptor axis in advanced prostate cancer. Adv Urol. 2012, 2012 (): 781459.

Nelson JB, Hedican SP, George DJ, Reddi AH, Piantadosi S, Eisenberger MA, Simons JW: Identification of endothelin-1 in the pathophysiology of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Nat Med. 1995, 1 (9): 944-9.

Msaouel P, Nandikolla G, Pneumaticos SG, Koutsilieris M: Bone microenvironment-targeted manipulations for the treatment of osteoblastic metastasis in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2013, 22 (11): 1385-400.

Kotani K, Sekine Y, Ishikawa S, Ikpot IZ, Suzuki K, Remaley AT: High-density lipoprotein and prostate cancer: an overview. J Epidemiol. 2013, 23 (5): 313-9.

Jadvar H: Molecular imaging of prostate cancer: a concise synopsis. Mol Imaging. , 8 (2): 56-64.

['Icyitonderwa: ubuvuzi']

["Uru rubuga rwashyiriweho kwigisha abantu no kubaha amakuru gusa, ntirutanga inama ku birebana n'ubuvuzi cyangwa ngo rukore nk'ikigo gitanga serivisi z'ubuvuzi."]

["Amakuru atangwa n'iyi porogaramu ntagomba gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma cyangwa kuvura ikibazo cy'uburwayi cyangwa indwara runaka, kandi abashaka inama z'ubuvuzi bagombye kugisha inama umuganga ubifitiye uburenganzira."]

['Nyamuneka menya ko imbuga nkoranyambaga zitanga ibisubizo kubibazo, ntabwo zifite ukuri mugihe kijyanye numubare. Kurugero, umubare wabantu basanzwemo indwara runaka.']

["Buri gihe ujye usaba inama umuganga wawe cyangwa undi muntu wemewe mu bijyanye n'ubuzima ku bijyanye n'uburwayi. Ntuzigere wirengagiza inama z'abaganga cyangwa ngo utinde kuzisaba bitewe n'ikintu wasomye kuri uru rubuga. Niba utekereza ko ufite ikibazo cyihutirwa, hamagara 911 cyangwa ujye ku ivuriro rikwegereye. Nta mubano hagati y'umuganga n'umurwayi ukorwa n'uru rubuga cyangwa ikoreshwa ryarwo. Yaba BioMedLib cyangwa abakozi bayo, cyangwa undi muntu wese wagize uruhare kuri uru rubuga, nta gihamya batanga, yaba igaragara cyangwa itagaragara, ku bijyanye n'amakuru atangwa hano cyangwa ikoreshwa ryayo."]

["Ibirego: uburenganzira bw'umuhanzi"]

["Itegeko ryo mu 1998 ryerekeye uburenganzira bw'ibihumbi by'ibihumbi by'ibihumbi by'ibihumbi, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (DMCA) ritanga ubujurire ku bafite uburenganzira bw'umuhanzi bemera ko ibintu bigaragara kuri interineti bibangamira uburenganzira bwabo hakurikijwe amategeko y'uburenganzira bw'umuhanzi muri Amerika. "]

['Niba wemera ko ibintu cyangwa ibikoresho byashyizwe ku rubuga rwacu cyangwa serivisi bitubahiriza uburenganzira bwawe, wowe (cyangwa umuhagarariye) ushobora kutwoherereza ubutumwa udusaba ko ibyo bintu cyangwa ibikoresho bikurwaho, cyangwa ko utabikoresha.']

['Itangazo rigomba koherezwa mu nyandiko kuri interineti (reba ahanditse "Kwitaba" kugira ngo ubone aderesi ya interineti). ']

["DMCA isaba ko imenyesha ryawe ry'ikirego cyo kuvutswa uburenganzira rikubiyemo amakuru akurikira: (1) ibisobanuro by'igikorwa kirengera uburenganzira bw'umuhanzi kivugwaho kuvutswa uburenganzira; (2) ibisobanuro by'ibikubiyemo bivugwa ko ari ukurenga ku mategeko n'amakuru ahagije atuma dushobora kubona ibikubiyemo; (3) amakuru yo kuguhamagaraho, harimo aderesi yawe, nomero ya terefone na aderesi imeyiri; (4) inyandiko yawe ivuga ko ufite icyizere ko ibikubiyemo mu buryo bwatanzwe nta burenganzira bifite na nyiri uburenganzira bw'umuhanzi, cyangwa umukozi we, cyangwa mu mategeko ayo ari yo yose; "]

["(5) inyandiko yawe isinyweho, uhanishwa kubeshya, yemeza ko amakuru ari mu itangazo ari ukuri kandi ko ufite ububasha bwo kurengera uburenganzira bw'umuhanzi uvugwaho kubwamburwa; "]

["kandi (6) umukono usanzwe cyangwa wa elegitoroniki w'ufite uburenganzira ku nyandiko cyangwa uw'umuntu wabiherewe uburenganzira bwo gukora mu izina ry'ufite uburenganzira ku nyandiko. "]

['Kudatanga amakuru yose yavuzwe haruguru bishobora gutuma ikibazo cyawe gitinda gukemurwa.']

['Uko twavugana na we']

['Ohereza imeri ikibazo / igitekerezo.']

What is pathophysiology of prostate cancer?

The pathophysiology of prostate cancer refers to the underlying mechanisms and processes that lead to the development and progression of the disease.

Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that arises from the cells of the prostate gland, which is a small, walnut-shaped organ located below the bladder in men.

The prostate gland produces seminal fluid, which nourishes and transports sperm.

The exact cause of prostate cancer is not fully understood, but several factors are known to increase the risk of developing the disease.

These include age, family history, race, and certain genetic mutations.

Prostate cancer is more common in older men, with the majority of cases occurring in men over the age of 65.

Additionally, men with a family history of prostate cancer are at an increased risk, as are African American men and men of Caribbean descent.

The pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the prostate gland.

This can occur due to genetic mutations that lead to the overexpression of certain growth factors or the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.

These mutations can result in the unregulated growth of cells, leading to the formation of a tumor.

As the tumor grows, it can invade nearby tissues and organs, such as the bladder, rectum, and nearby lymph nodes.

In some cases, cancer cells can break away from the primary tumor and spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, a process known as metastasis.

Once the cancer has spread, it can be more difficult to treat.

Prostate cancer can also be influenced by hormonal factors, particularly the androgen hormone testosterone.

Testosterone can stimulate the growth of prostate cancer cells, and many treatments for prostate cancer aim to reduce the levels of this hormone or block its effects.

In summary, the pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the prostate gland, which can be influenced by genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors.

Understanding the underlying mechanisms of the disease is crucial for developing effective treatments and improving outcomes for patients with prostate cancer.

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