How to treat Prostate cancer?

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Come curà el cancer de la prostata?

Gh'è diverse opzion de cura per el cancer de prostata, a segonda del stadi e de l'aggressività del cancer, inscì cuma de la salute general e di preferenz personai del pazient.

Un quai tratament comun a inn:

1. Sorveglianza ativa: Chestu approcch al implica un monitoragg strett del cancher cun control e test regolàr, inveci de cumincià subit el trattament.

Pœu l"è adat per i òmen cun un cancer de prostata a ris'c bass.

2. Chirurgia: Una prostatectomia l"è una procedura chirurgica per eliminà la ghiandola prostatica.

La pœl vesser fada cont una chirurgia avert o laparoscopica (usand piccole incisiun e strument speciai).

3. Radioterapia: chesta cura la dupera radiaziun de alta energia per copà i cellule cancerose.

El pœl vesser somministrad esternament (da una machina fœra del corp) o internament (a travers di impiant metud arent al tumur).

4. Terapia ormonale: chestu tratament el redüiss i livèll di ormone maschil (androgeni) in del corp, che pœden rallentar o fermà la cressita del cancher de prostata.

El pœl vesser drovad sol o in combinazion con olter tratament.

5. Chimioterapia: Chestu tratament al dupera di drogh per copà i cellule cancerose.

El pœl vesser drovad per el cancher de prostata avanzad che s'è spantegad in olter part del corp.

6. Immunoterapia:'sto tratament el jut el sistema immunitari a combatt el cancher.

El pœl vesser drovad per el carcinoma de prostata avanzad qe l'ha minga respondud a olter tratament.

7. Terapia mirada: chesta terapia la mira a geni o proteine specifich qe i juten i cellule cancerose a cresser e a sopravviver.

El pœl vesser drovad per el carcinoma de prostata avanzad qe l'ha minga respondud a olter tratament.

8. Crioterapia:'sto tratament el dupera el frecc estrem per congelare e copar i cellule cancerose.

El pœl vesser drovad per el cancher de prostata in fase iniziala o per el cancher qe l"è tornad dopo olter tratament.

9. Ultrason focalizad de alta intensità (HIFU): chestu tratament el dupera ond sonor de alta frequenza per scaldà e distrügg i cellule cancerose.

El pœl vesser drovad per el cancher de prostata in fase iniziala o per el cancher qe l"è tornad dopo olter tratament.

10. Aspettà attent: Chestu approcch al implica un monitoragg attent del cancher cun control e test regolàr, ma minga cumincià el trattament a men che i sintom i comparissen o cambien.

Pœu vesser adatad per i omm de età plu vegia cun un cancher de prostata a cress lenta e olter condizion de salute seri.

L'è important discuter de tucc i opzion de cura cun un grupp de cura per determinà la mior cura per ogni cas individual.

['Referenz']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Wang Y, Chen J, Wu Z, Ding W, Gao S, Gao Y, Xu C: Mechanisms of enzalutamide resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer and therapeutic strategies to overcome it. Br J Pharmacol. 2021, 178 (2): 239-261.

Talkar SS, Patravale VB: Gene Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Review. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2021, 21 (3): 385-396.

Šamija I, Fröbe A: CHALLENGES IN MANIPULATING IMMUNE SYSTEM TO TREAT PROSTATE CANCER. Acta Clin Croat. 2019, 58 (Suppl 2): 76-81.

Akaza H, Hinotsu S, Usami M, Ogawa O, Kagawa S, Kitamura T, Tsukamoto T, Naito S, Hirao Y, Murai M, Yamanaka H, Namiki M: The case for androgen deprivation as primary therapy for early stage disease: results from J-CaP and CaPSURE. J Urol. 2006, 176 (6 Pt 2): S47-9.

Abraham-Miranda J, Awasthi S, Yamoah K: Immunologic disparities in prostate cancer between American men of African and European descent. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2021, 164 (): 103426.

de Vrij J, Willemsen RA, Lindholm L, Hoeben RC, Bangma CH, Barber C, Behr JP, Briggs S, Carlisle R, Cheng WS, Dautzenberg IJ, de Ridder C, Dzojic H, Erbacher P, Essand M, Fisher K, Frazier A, Georgopoulos LJ, Jennings I, Kochanek S, Koppers-Lalic D, Kraaij R, Kreppel F, Magnusson M, Maitland N, Neuberg P, Nugent R, Ogris M, Remy JS, Scaife M, Schenk-Braat E, Schooten E, Seymour L, Slade M, Szyjanowicz P, Totterman T, Uil TG, Ulbrich K, van der Weel L, van Weerden W, Wagner E, Zuber G: Adenovirus-derived vectors for prostate cancer gene therapy. Hum Gene Ther. 2010, 21 (7): 795-805.

Lee E, Ha S, Logan SK: Divergent Androgen Receptor and Beta-Catenin Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells. PLoS One. 2015, 10 (10): e0141589.

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How to treat prostate cancer?

There are several treatment options available for prostate cancer, depending on the stage and aggressiveness of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health and personal preferences.

Some common treatments include:

1. Active surveillance: This approach involves closely monitoring the cancer with regular checkups and tests, rather than immediately starting treatment.

It may be suitable for men with low-risk prostate cancer.

2. Surgery: A prostatectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the prostate gland.

It can be done through open surgery or laparoscopically (using small incisions and specialized tools).

3. Radiation therapy: This treatment uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells.

It can be delivered externally (from a machine outside the body) or internally (through implants placed near the tumor).

4. Hormone therapy: This treatment reduces the levels of male hormones (androgens) in the body, which can slow or stop the growth of prostate cancer.

It can be used alone or in combination with other treatments.

5. Chemotherapy: This treatment uses drugs to kill cancer cells.

It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has spread to other parts of the body.

6. Immunotherapy: This treatment helps the immune system fight cancer.

It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has not responded to other treatments.

7. Targeted therapy: This treatment targets specific genes or proteins that help cancer cells grow and survive.

It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has not responded to other treatments.

8. Cryotherapy: This treatment uses extreme cold to freeze and kill cancer cells.

It may be used for early-stage prostate cancer or for cancer that has come back after other treatments.

9. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU): This treatment uses high-frequency sound waves to heat and destroy cancer cells.

It may be used for early-stage prostate cancer or for cancer that has come back after other treatments.

10. Watchful waiting: This approach involves closely monitoring the cancer with regular checkups and tests, but not starting treatment unless symptoms appear or change.

It may be suitable for older men with slow-growing prostate cancer and other serious health conditions.

It is important to discuss all treatment options with a healthcare team to determine the best course of action for each individual case.

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