Zūlis viezs teik diagnosticāts, izmontojūt vairuokus testus i metodis, kuru vydā var byut:
1. Klīniskys krūšu puorbaudis: uorsts puorbaudēs krūtis, voi tamuos nav izmāra voi formys izmaiņu, voi cytu nalaimeigu izmaiņu.
2. mamogramma: krūga rentgena attāluojums, ar kuru var nūsaceit pat tuos anomalejis, pyrma tuos var sajust ar rūku.
3. Ultraskaņa: tests, kurā izmontoj skaņu viļņus, kab izveiduotu krūšu audu attālu, kas var paleidzēt nūsaceit, voi dzynums ir cītušs voi pīpiļdeits ar škidrumu.
4. MRI: magnetiskuo rezonanse (MRI) skeniešona izmontoj magnetiskuo lauka i radioviļņu īspieju, kab izveiduotu detalizātus krūšu audu attālus.
5. Biopseja: teik pajimts mozs krūšu audu paraugs i apsavārts mikroskopā, kab nūsaceitu, voi tymā ir vieža šyunys.
6. Asins analīzes: var veikt dažus asinsa analīzes, par pīmāru, vasaluo asins skaitļa voi audzieja markieru izpieti, kab paleidzātu nūsaceit vieža stadiju voi kontrolēt uorsteišonu.
7. genetiskuos puorbaudis: ka saimē ir krūts vieža anameja, var veikt genetiskuos puorbaudis, kab nūsaceitu, voi pastuov īdzymtys genu mutacejis, kas palelynoj krūts vieža raisteibys rysku.
Kaulu skeniešona, tomografeja voi PET skeniešona: itī attāluošonys testi var tikt veikti, kab nūsaceitu, voi vieža metastazis ir izaplatejušys ari iz cytu kermiņa daļu.
Kod ir īstyprynuota krūšu vieža diagnoze, var veikt cytus testus, kab nūsaceitu vieža stadiju i pakuopi, kas paleidz nūsaceit zuoļu terapejis lāmumus.
Zahoor S, Lali IU, Khan MA, Javed K, Mehmood W: Breast Cancer Detection and Classification using Traditional Computer Vision Techniques: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Med Imaging. 2020, 16 (10): 1187-1200.
Dewar MA, Love N: Legal issues in managing breast disease. Postgrad Med. 1992, 92 (5): 137-40, 143-4, 149-51 passim.
Donepudi MS, Kondapalli K, Amos SJ, Venkanteshan P: Breast cancer statistics and markers. J Cancer Res Ther. , 10 (3): 506-11.
Sazuka T, Miyazawa Y, Tochigi T, Hirano A, Mori M, Kosugi C, Shuto K, Kasahara K, Hiroshima Y, Matsuo K, Tanaka K, Yamazaki K, Koda K, Matsubara H: [A Case of Rectal Metastasis from Breast Cancer Diagnosed Two Years after Surgery]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2017, 44 (12): 1254-1256.
Yan J, Liu Z, Du S, Li J, Ma L, Li L: Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer in the Precision Medicine Era. Methods Mol Biol. 2020, 2204 (): 53-61.
Cong J, Wei B, He Y, Yin Y, Zheng Y: A Selective Ensemble Classification Method Combining Mammography Images with Ultrasound Images for Breast Cancer Diagnosis. Comput Math Methods Med. 2017, 2017 (): 4896386.
Cui R, Wang C, Zhao Q, Wang Y, Li Y: Serum Carboxypeptidase N1 Serves as a Potential Biomarker Complementing CA15-3 for Breast Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2020, 20 (17): 2053-2065.
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How is breast cancer diagnosed?
Breast cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Clinical breast exam: A healthcare professional will examine the breasts for any lumps, changes in size or shape, or other abnormalities.
2. Mammogram: An x-ray of the breast that can detect abnormalities even before they can be felt.
3. Ultrasound: A test that uses sound waves to create an image of the breast tissue, which can help determine if a lump is solid or filled with fluid.
4. MRI: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the breast tissue.
5. Biopsy: A small sample of breast tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
6. Blood tests: Certain blood tests, such as a complete blood count or tumor markers, may be done to help determine the stage of the cancer or to monitor treatment.
7. Genetic testing: If there is a family history of breast cancer, genetic testing may be done to determine if there is an inherited gene mutation that increases the risk of developing breast cancer.
8. Bone scan, CT scan, or PET scan: These imaging tests may be done to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once a diagnosis of breast cancer is made, further tests may be done to determine the stage and grade of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.
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