Puonj mar pathophysiology mar kansa mar prostate wuoyo kuom yore koda gik matimore mamiyo tuwo mar kansa chako bedoe kendo dhi nyime.
Tuwo mar kansa mar prostate en tuwo marach ma wuok e ng'injo mag prostate gland, ma en fuoni matin machalo gi walnut ma yudore e bwo ofuko mar urin kuom chwo.
Ng'injo mar prostate loso pi mar nyuol, ma pidho kendo ting'o nyuol mar nyuol.
Ok ong'ere malong'o gimomiyo ng'ato nyalo bedo gi kansa mar prostate, kata kamano, nitie gik mang'eny mong'ere manyalo miyo ng'ato obed gi tuwo mar kansa mar prostate.
Tuwo mar kansa mar prostate onya ahinya kuom chwo ma hikgi ng'eny, to thothgi gin chwo ma hikgi ng'eny moloyo 65.
E wi mano, chwo ma joodgi nigi tuwo mar kansa mar prostate bende nyalo bedo gi tuwo mar kansa mar prostate, mana kaka chwo ma Jo - Amerka ma Jo - Afrika koda chwo ma Jo - Caribbean.
Tuwo mar kansa mar prostate oriwo dongo ma ok ong'ere kendo pogo ng'injo mag ng'injo mag prostate.
Mano nyalo timore nikech lokruoge ma timore e anyuola mamiyo gik moko moko dongo mokalo tong ' kata miyo gik moko ma geng'o ng'ol kik bed gi teko.
Lokruok ma kamago nyalo miyo ng'injo omed dongo e yo ma ok owinjore, kendo mano nyalo miyo ng'ato obed gi tuwo mar kansa.
Kaka ng'injo medo dongo, onyalo monjo fuonde koda fuonde mag del man machiegni, kaka ofuko mar pi, ofuko mar rectum, koda lymph nodes man machiegni.
Seche moko, ng'injo mag kansa nyalo pogore gi ng'injo mokwongo kendo landore e fuonde mamoko mag del kokalo kuom remo kata lymphatic system, ma en gima iluongo ni metastasis.
Bang' ka kansa oselandore, nyalo bedo matek thiedhe.
Tuwo mar kansa mar prostate bende nyalo bedoe nikech gik ma miyo ng'ato bedo gi hormone, to moloyo testosterone, ma en hormone mar androgen.
Testosterone nyalo miyo ng'injo mag kansa mar prostate omed dongo, kendo yore mang'eny mag thiedho kansa mar prostate temo dwoko piny hormone mar testosterone kata geng'o gik matimore.
Kokete e yo machuok, tuwo mar kansa mar prostate oriwo dongo ma ok ong'ere kendo pogo ng'injo mag ng'injo mag prostate, ma nyalo bedoe nikech gik manyalo miyo ng'ato obed gi tuwo mar kansa mar prostate.
Ng'eyo kaka tuwono timore en gima duong' ahinya e loso yore mag thiedho tuwono kendo miyo joma nigi kansa mar prostate obed gi ngima maber.
Zobniw CM, Causebrook A, Fong MK: Clinical use of abiraterone in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Res Rep Urol. 2014, 6 (): 97-105.
Lim HY, Agarwal AM, Agarwal N, Ward JH: Recurrent epistaxis as a presenting sign of androgen-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer. Singapore Med J. 2009, 50 (5): e178-80.
Kohli M, Qin R, Jimenez R, Dehm SM: Biomarker-based targeting of the androgen-androgen receptor axis in advanced prostate cancer. Adv Urol. 2012, 2012 (): 781459.
Nelson JB, Hedican SP, George DJ, Reddi AH, Piantadosi S, Eisenberger MA, Simons JW: Identification of endothelin-1 in the pathophysiology of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Nat Med. 1995, 1 (9): 944-9.
Msaouel P, Nandikolla G, Pneumaticos SG, Koutsilieris M: Bone microenvironment-targeted manipulations for the treatment of osteoblastic metastasis in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2013, 22 (11): 1385-400.
Kotani K, Sekine Y, Ishikawa S, Ikpot IZ, Suzuki K, Remaley AT: High-density lipoprotein and prostate cancer: an overview. J Epidemiol. 2013, 23 (5): 313-9.
Jadvar H: Molecular imaging of prostate cancer: a concise synopsis. Mol Imaging. , 8 (2): 56-64.
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What is pathophysiology of prostate cancer?
The pathophysiology of prostate cancer refers to the underlying mechanisms and processes that lead to the development and progression of the disease.
Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that arises from the cells of the prostate gland, which is a small, walnut-shaped organ located below the bladder in men.
The prostate gland produces seminal fluid, which nourishes and transports sperm.
The exact cause of prostate cancer is not fully understood, but several factors are known to increase the risk of developing the disease.
These include age, family history, race, and certain genetic mutations.
Prostate cancer is more common in older men, with the majority of cases occurring in men over the age of 65.
Additionally, men with a family history of prostate cancer are at an increased risk, as are African American men and men of Caribbean descent.
The pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the prostate gland.
This can occur due to genetic mutations that lead to the overexpression of certain growth factors or the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.
These mutations can result in the unregulated growth of cells, leading to the formation of a tumor.
As the tumor grows, it can invade nearby tissues and organs, such as the bladder, rectum, and nearby lymph nodes.
In some cases, cancer cells can break away from the primary tumor and spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, a process known as metastasis.
Once the cancer has spread, it can be more difficult to treat.
Prostate cancer can also be influenced by hormonal factors, particularly the androgen hormone testosterone.
Testosterone can stimulate the growth of prostate cancer cells, and many treatments for prostate cancer aim to reduce the levels of this hormone or block its effects.
In summary, the pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the prostate gland, which can be influenced by genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors.
Understanding the underlying mechanisms of the disease is crucial for developing effective treatments and improving outcomes for patients with prostate cancer.
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