1. Umua: Risiko kanker usus gadang batambah gadang sasuai umua, jo sabagian gadang kasus tajadi pado urang nan baumua labiah dari 50 tahun.
2. Sijarah polip atau kanker usus gadang: Kok awak alah pernah punyo polip usus gadang atau kanker usus gadang sabalunnyo, awak labiah barisiko dapek panyakik iko baliak.
3. Sijarah kaluarga nan punyo kanker usus gadang: Kok ado kaluarga nan punyo kanker usus gadang, mako kamungkinan panyakik ko maningkek.
4. Panyakik radang usus: Kondisi kronis sarupo kolitis ulseratif jo panyakik Crohn maningkekkan risiko kanker usus gadang.
5. Sindrom genetik: Sindrom genetik tatantu nan diwariskan, sarupo sindrom Lynch jo familial adenomatous polyposis, maningkekkan risiko kanker usus gadang.
6. Diet: Diet nan banyak dagiang sirah jo nan diproses, jo saketek buah-buahan, sayua, jo biji-bijian, alah dikaik-an jo paningkekan risiko kanker usus gadang.
7. Kacimburuan: Kacimburuan atau taba maningkekkan risiko kanker usus gadang.
8. Indak aktif sacaro fisik: Pola hiduik nan indak aktif bakaitan jo paningkekan risiko kanker usus gadang.
9. Mamak: Mamak maningkekkan risiko kanker usus gadang, sarato tipe kanker lainnyo.
10. Minuman kareh: Minuman kareh nan banyak diminum dapek maningkekkan risiko kanker usus gadang.
11. Diabetes tipe 2: Urang nan punyo diabetes tipe 2 labiah barisiko dapek kanker usus gadang.
12. Etnis: Urang Afrika-Amerika labiah berisiko dapek kanker usus gadang daripado kalompok etnis lainnyo.
13. Terapi radiasi: Terapi radiasi sabalunnyo untuak kanker lainnyo di paruik atau panggul dapek maningkekan risiko kanker usus gadang.
14. Sindrom nan diwariskan: Sindrom nan diwariskan, sarupo Lynch syndrome jo familial adenomatous polyposis, maningkekan risiko kanker usus gadang.
15. Obstruksi, perforasi, jo invasi tingkek T4: Faktor-faktor iko alah ditandoi sabagai faktor risiko independen untuak kanker usus gadang.
16. Faktor risiko nan dapek dikontrol: Babarapo faktor risiko, sarupo diet jo gaya iduik, dapek dikontrol untuak mangurangi risiko kanker usus gadang.
17. Latihan taruih-taruih jo makanan nan sehat: Malanjuikan aktivitas fisik taruih-taruih jo makan makanan nan banyak buah-buahan, sayua, jo biji-bijian dapek maningkekan risiko kanker usus gadang.
18. Pemeriksaan: Pemeriksaan rutin untuak kanker usus gadang, sarupo kolonoskopi, dapek mambantu manamuan jo mancegah panyakik.
19. Faktor risiko nan indak dapek kito kendalikan: Babarapo faktor risiko, sarupo umua, ras, jo sijarah kaluarga, indak dapek diubah, tapi kalau kito tau tantang hal-hal itu, dapek mambantu untuak manamuinyo jo caro maubeknyo.
20. Faktor risiko gaya hiduik: Indak aktif sacaro fisik, barek badan talalu banyak, marokok, jo konsumsi alkohol talalu banyak adolah faktor risiko gaya hiduik nan dapek maningkekan risiko kanker usus gadang.
21. Pemeriksaan: Pemeriksaan rutin untuak kanker usus gadang, sarupo kolonoskopi, dapek mambantu manamuan jo mancegah panyakik.
22. Deteksi dini: Deteksi dini kanker usus gadang malalui pamariksaan dapek maningkekan tingkek kaslametan.
23. Faktor risiko untuak neoplasma metachronous nan alah maningkek: Kanker kolon distal, adenoma berisiko tinggi nan sinkron, jo hipertensi dapek maningkekkan risiko neoplasma metachronous nan alah maningkek salamo pangawasan sasudah reseksi kanker kolon.
24. Pilihan pamariksaan: Ado babagai pilihan pamariksaan untuak kanker usus gadang, tamasuak tes darah taambun dalam tinja, sigmoidoskopi, jo kolonoskopi virtual.
25. Faktor risiko untuak kaluahan anastomosis: Mato rokok jo wakatu operasi nan lamo adolah faktor risiko untuak kaluahan anastomosis kolon sabalah kanan sasudah kolektomi kanan laparoskopi.
26. Hasil onkologi: Indak ado pabedaan signifikan dalam kambuh lokal, kasalamatan kasaluruahan, atau kasalamatan spesifik kanker antaro pasien jo tanpa kebocoran anastomosis sasudah kolektomi kanan laparoskopi.
27. Faktor risiko untuak kanker usus gadang pado padusi nan alah maningga maso bahija: Umua, lingkar pinggang, panggunoan terapi hormon, taun dimabuak, radang sendi, tingkek hematokrit nan randah, capek, diabetes, kurang panggunoan ubek lalok, jo cholecystektomi adolah faktor risiko untuak kanker usus gadang pado padusi nan alah maningga maso bahija.
Hartz A, He T, Ross JJ: Risk factors for colon cancer in 150,912 postmenopausal women. Cancer Causes Control. 2012, 23 (10): 1599-605.
Wang X, Lei T, Ma X: [Colon cancer risk factors in Jiashan county, Zhejiang province, the highest incidence area in China]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2001, 23 (6): 480-2.
Hatano S, Ishida H, Ishibashi K, Kumamoto K, Haga N, Miura I: Identification of risk factors for recurrence in high-risk stage II colon cancer. Int Surg. , 98 (2): 114-21.
Platz EA, Willett WC, Colditz GA, Rimm EB, Spiegelman D, Giovannucci E: Proportion of colon cancer risk that might be preventable in a cohort of middle-aged US men. Cancer Causes Control. 2000, 11 (7): 579-88.
Nam K, Shin JE: Risk factors of advanced metachronous neoplasms in surveillance after colon cancer resection. Korean J Intern Med. 2021, 36 (2): 305-312.
Kwak HD, Kim SH, Kang DW, Baek SJ, Kwak JM, Kim J: Risk Factors and Oncologic Outcomes of Anastomosis Leakage After Laparoscopic Right Colectomy. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2017, 27 (6): 440-444.
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What are the risk factors for colon cancer?
1. Age: The risk of developing colon cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in people over the age of 50.
2. Personal history of polyps or colon cancer: If you have had colon polyps or colon cancer before, you are at a higher risk of developing it again.
3. Family history of colon cancer: Having a family history of colon cancer increases your risk of developing the disease.
4. Inflammatory bowel disease: Chronic conditions such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease increase the risk of colon cancer.
5. Genetic syndromes: Certain inherited genetic syndromes, such as Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis, increase the risk of colon cancer.
6. Diet: A diet high in red and processed meats, and low in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, has been linked to an increased risk of colon cancer.
7. Obesity: Being overweight or obese increases the risk of colon cancer.
8. Physical inactivity: A sedentary lifestyle is associated with an increased risk of colon cancer.
9. Smoking: Smoking increases the risk of colon cancer, as well as other types of cancer.
10. Alcohol consumption: Heavy alcohol use has been linked to an increased risk of colon cancer.
11. Type 2 diabetes: People with type 2 diabetes have a higher risk of developing colon cancer.
12. Ethnicity: African Americans have a higher risk of colon cancer than other ethnic groups.
13. Radiation therapy: Previous radiation therapy for other cancers in the abdomen or pelvis may increase the risk of colon cancer.
14. Inherited syndromes: Certain inherited syndromes, such as Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis, increase the risk of colon cancer.
15. Obstruction, perforation, and T4-level invasion: These factors have been identified as independent risk factors for colon cancer.
16. Controllable risk factors: Some risk factors, such as diet and lifestyle, can be controlled to reduce the risk of colon cancer.
17. Regular exercise and a healthy diet: Engaging in regular physical activity and eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help reduce the risk of colon cancer.
18. Screening: Regular screening for colon cancer, such as colonoscopy, can help detect and prevent the disease.
19. Risk factors beyond our control: Some risk factors, such as age, race, and family history, cannot be changed, but being aware of them can help with early detection and treatment.
20. Lifestyle risk factors: Being physically inactive, overweight, smoking, and heavy alcohol consumption are lifestyle risk factors that can increase the risk of colon cancer.
21. Screening: Regular screening for colon cancer, such as colonoscopy, can help detect and prevent the disease.
22. Early detection: Early detection of colon cancer through screening can improve survival rates.
23. Risk factors for advanced metachronous neoplasms: Distal colon cancer, synchronous high-risk adenomas, and hypertension may increase the risk of advanced metachronous neoplasms during surveillance after colon cancer resection.
24. Screening options: There are various screening options for colon cancer, including fecal occult blood tests, sigmoidoscopy, and virtual colonoscopy.
25. Risk factors for anastomosis leakage: Smoking and long operating time are risk factors for right-side colon anastomosis leakage after laparoscopic right colectomy.
26. Oncologic outcomes: There are no significant differences in local recurrence, overall survival, or cancer-specific survival between patients with and without anastomosis leakage after laparoscopic right colectomy.
27. Risk factors for colon cancer in postmenopausal women: Age, waist girth, use of hormone therapy, years smoked, arthritis, lower hematocrit levels, fatigue, diabetes, less use of sleep medication, and cholecystectomy are risk factors for colon cancer in postmenopausal women.
28. Risk factors in Jiashan County,
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