1. Nywaga: Kotsi ya go ba le kankere ya mala e oketšega ge motho a dutše a gola, gomme bontši bja batho bao ba nago le yona ke ba nywaga ya ka godimo ga e 50.
2. Histori ya motho ka noši ya di-polyp goba kankere ya mogodu: Ge e ba o kile wa ba le di-polyp tša mogodu goba kankere ya mogodu pele, o kotsing e kgolo ya go ka e ba le yona gape.
3. Histori ya lapa ya kankere ya mala: Go ba le histori ya lapa ya kankere ya mala go oketša kotsi ya gago ya go ba le bolwetši.
4. Bolwetši bja go ruruga ga mala: Maemo a sa alafegego a bjalo ka ulcerative colitis le bolwetši bja Crohn a oketša kotsi ya kankere ya mala.
5. Malwetši a leabela: Malwetši a mangwe a leabela a bjalo ka Lynch syndrome le familial adenomatous polyposis, a oketša kotsi ya go ba le kankere ya mala a magolo.
6. Dijo: Dijo tše di nago le nama e khwibidu le e šetšego e lokišitšwe kudu, le tše di nago le dienywa, merogo le mabele a manyenyane di tswalanywa le kotsi e oketšegilego ya kankere ya mala a magolo.
7. Go nona kudu: Go nona kudu goba go nona kudu go oketša kotsi ya go swarwa ke kankere ya mala a magolo.
8. Go se dire modiro wa mmele: Mokgwa wa go phela o sa šome o tswalanywa le kotsi e oketšegilego ya kankere ya mala a magolo.
9. Go kgoga: Go kgoga go oketša kotsi ya kankere ya mala a magolo gotee le mehuta e mengwe ya kankere.
10. Go nwa bjala: Go nwa bjala kudu go tswalanywa le kotsi e oketšegago ya kankere ya mala a magolo.
11. Bolwetši bja swikiri bja mohuta wa 2: Batho bao ba nago le bolwetši bja swikiri bja mohuta wa 2 ba kotsing e kgolo ya go swarwa ke kankere ya mala a magolo.
12. Morafo: Ma-Afrika a Amerika a na le kotsi e kgolo ya go ba le kankere ya mala go feta dihlopha tše dingwe tša merafo.
Kalafo ya radiation: Kalafo ya radiation ya nakong e fetilego bakeng sa dikankere tše dingwe ka mpeng goba ka seropeng e ka oketša kotsi ya go ba le kankere ya mala a magolo.
14. Malwetši a go abelwa: Malwetši a mangwe a go abelwa, a bjalo ka Lynch syndrome le familial adenomatous polyposis, a oketša kotsi ya kankere ya mala a magolo.
15. Go thibana, go phunyega le go tsenelela ga T4: Dintlha tše di ile tša hlaolwa e le dilo tše di ikemetšego tšeo di bakago kotsi ya kankere ya mala a magolo.
Dilo tšeo di ka laolwago tšeo di ka bakago kotsi: Dilo tše dingwe tšeo di bakago kotsi, tše bjalo ka dijo le mokgwa wa bophelo, di ka laolwa e le gore go fokotšwe kotsi ya kankere ya mala a magolo.
Go itšhidulla ka mehla le go ja dijo tše di nago le phepo: Go itšhidulla ka mehla le go ja dijo tše di humilego ka dienywa, merogo le mabele a mantši go ka thuša go fokotša kotsi ya kankere ya mala a magolo.
18. Go hlahlobja: Go hlahlobja ka mehla bakeng sa kankere ya mogodu, go swana le go hlahlobja ga mogodu, go ka thuša go lemoga le go thibela bolwetši.
19. Dilo tšeo di ka re bakelago kotsi tšeo re ka se kgonego go di laola: Dilo tše dingwe tšeo di ka bakelago kotsi, tše bjalo ka nywaga, morafo le histori ya lapa, di ka se fetolwe, eupša go di tseba go ka thuša go di lemoga le go di alafa e sa le ka pela.
20. Dilo tšeo di ka bakago kankere ya mala: Go se dire dilo tše dintši, go nona kudu, go kgoga le go nwa kudu bjala ke dilo tšeo di ka bakago kankere ya mala.
21. Go hlahlobja: Go hlahlobja ka mehla bakeng sa kankere ya mogodu, go swana le go hlahlobja ga mogodu, go ka thuša go lemoga le go thibela bolwetši.
Go lemoga e sa le ka pela: Go lemoga kankere ya mala e sa le ka pela ka go dira diteko go ka kaonefatša tekanyo ya go phologa.
Dilo tšeo di bakago kotsi ya go tšwelela ga di-metachronous neoplasms tše di tšwetšego pele: Kankere ya mogodu wa ka thoko, di-adenoma tše di nago le kotsi e kgolo le kgateletšego ya madi di ka oketša kotsi ya go tšwelela ga di-metachronous neoplasms tše di tšwetšego pele nakong ya go hlahlobja ka morago ga go ntšhwa ga kankere ya mogodu wa ka gare.
24. Dikgetho tša go hlahloba: Go na le dikgetho tše di fapa-fapanego tša go hlahloba kankere ya mogodu, go akaretša diteko tša madi a ka mantle, go hlahloba mogodu ka go diriša mahlo a ka ntle le go diriša mahlo a ka gare.
Dilo tšeo di ka bakago go dutla ga anastomosis: Go kgoga le nako e telele ya go buiwa ke dilo tšeo di ka bakago go dutla ga anastomosis ya lehlakore la le letona la mogodu ka morago ga laparoscopic right colectomy.
Dipoelo tša Onkoloji: Ga go na phapano e kgolo ya go boa ga bolwetši lefelong leo, go phologa ka kakaretšo goba go phologa mo go kgethegilego ga kankere magareng ga balwetši bao ba nago le go dutla ga anastomosis le bao ba se nago ka morago ga go ntšha letswele la le letona ka laparoscopy.
Dilo tšeo di bakago kotsi ya kankere ya mala a magolo go basadi bao ba sa hlwago ba kgaotša go hlapa ga basadi: Nywaga, bogolo bja letheka, go dirišwa ga kalafo ya dihoromone, nywaga ya go kgoga, bolwetši bja marapo, tekanyo e nyenyane ya hematocrit, go lapa, bolwetši bja swikiri, go dirišwa ganyenyane ga dihlare tša go robatša le go tlošwa ga sele ya madi ke dilo tšeo di bakago kotsi ya kankere ya mala a magolo go basadi bao ba sa hlwago ba kgaotša go hlapa ga basadi.
28. Dilo tšeo di ka bakago kotsi kua Jiashan County,
Hartz A, He T, Ross JJ: Risk factors for colon cancer in 150,912 postmenopausal women. Cancer Causes Control. 2012, 23 (10): 1599-605.
Wang X, Lei T, Ma X: [Colon cancer risk factors in Jiashan county, Zhejiang province, the highest incidence area in China]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2001, 23 (6): 480-2.
Hatano S, Ishida H, Ishibashi K, Kumamoto K, Haga N, Miura I: Identification of risk factors for recurrence in high-risk stage II colon cancer. Int Surg. , 98 (2): 114-21.
Platz EA, Willett WC, Colditz GA, Rimm EB, Spiegelman D, Giovannucci E: Proportion of colon cancer risk that might be preventable in a cohort of middle-aged US men. Cancer Causes Control. 2000, 11 (7): 579-88.
Nam K, Shin JE: Risk factors of advanced metachronous neoplasms in surveillance after colon cancer resection. Korean J Intern Med. 2021, 36 (2): 305-312.
Kwak HD, Kim SH, Kang DW, Baek SJ, Kwak JM, Kim J: Risk Factors and Oncologic Outcomes of Anastomosis Leakage After Laparoscopic Right Colectomy. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2017, 27 (6): 440-444.
['Boikano: bja tša kalafo']
['Wepesaete ye e neetšwe feela bakeng sa go ruta le go nea tsebišo gomme ga e nee keletšo ya tša kalafo goba ditirelo tša tša kalafo.']
['Tsebišo yeo e neilwego ga se ya swanela go dirišwa bakeng sa go hlahloba goba go alafa bothata bja tša maphelo goba bolwetši, gomme bao ba nyakago keletšo ya tša kalafo ya motho ka noši ba swanetše go boledišana le ngaka yeo e nago le tumelelo.']
['Ka kgopelo lemoga gore netweke ya methapo yeo e tšweletšago dikarabo tša dipotšišo, ga e nepagale kudu ge go tliwa go diteng tša dinomoro. Ka mohlala, palo ya batho bao ba hweditšwego ba na le bolwetši bjo bo itšego.']
['Ka mehla nyaka keletšo ya ngaka ya gago goba mofani yo mongwe wa tlhokomelo ya tša maphelo yo a nago le bokgoni mabapi le boemo bja tša kalafo. Le ka mohla o se ke wa hlokomologa keletšo ya tša kalafo goba wa diega go e nyaka ka baka la selo seo o se badilego wepesaeteng ye. Ge e ba o nagana gore o ka ba o le boemong bja tšhoganetšo bja tša kalafo, leletša 911 goba o ye phapošing ya tšhoganetšo ya kgauswi le wena kapejana. Ga go na tswalano ya ngaka le molwetši yeo e bopšago ke wepesaete ye goba go e diriša. BioMedLib goba bašomi ba yona, goba motho le ge e le ofe yo a tsenyago letsogo wepesaeteng ye, ga ba dire ditshepišo le ge e le dife, e ka ba tše di boletšwego ka go lebanya goba tše di sa hlaloswago gabotse, mabapi le tsebišo yeo e neilwego mo goba go e diriša.']
['Go se tšee karolo: tokelo ya ngwalollo']
['Molao wa Digital Millennium Copyright wa 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (DMCA) o nea baamogedi ba tokelo ya ngwalollo bao ba dumelago gore dilo tšeo di tšwelelago ka go Inthanete di tshwenyana le ditokelo tša bona ka tlase ga molao wa U.S. wa tokelo ya ngwalollo. ']
['Ge e ba o dumela ka potego gore diteng goba dilo tšeo di lego mabapi le wepesaete ya rena goba ditirelo di tshwenyana le tokelo ya gago ya go gatiša, wena (goba moemedi wa gago) o ka re romela tsebišo ya gore o kgopele gore diteng goba dilo tšeo di tlošwe goba gore o thibelwe go di fihlelela. ']
["Ditsebišo di swanetše go romelwa ka go ngwala ka emeile (lebelela karolo ya 'Kgokagano' go hwetša aterese ya emeile). "]
['DMCA e nyaka gore tsebišo ya gago ya go pharwa ga molao wa tokelo ya ngwalollo e akaretše tshedimošo ye e latelago: (1) tlhaloso ya mošomo wa tokelo ya ngwalollo wo o pharwago ka molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao.']
['(5) setatamente sa gago, seo se saennwego ka tlase ga kotlo ya go bolela maaka, gore tshedimošo yeo e lego tsebišong e nepagetše le gore o na le maatla a go phethagatša ditokelo tša mongwadi tšeo go thwego di a gatakelwa; ']
['le (6) tshaeno ya kgonthe goba ya elektroniki ya mong wa tokelo ya ngwalollo goba motho yo a dumeletšwego go dira legatong la mong wa tokelo ya ngwalollo. ']
['Go palelwa ke go akaretša tshedimošo ka moka ya ka godimo go ka dira gore go šongwa ga ngongorego ya gago go diege.']
['Go Ikgokaganya']
['Re romele imeile ka kgopelo le ge e le efe goba tšhišinyo.']
What are the risk factors for colon cancer?
1. Age: The risk of developing colon cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in people over the age of 50.
2. Personal history of polyps or colon cancer: If you have had colon polyps or colon cancer before, you are at a higher risk of developing it again.
3. Family history of colon cancer: Having a family history of colon cancer increases your risk of developing the disease.
4. Inflammatory bowel disease: Chronic conditions such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease increase the risk of colon cancer.
5. Genetic syndromes: Certain inherited genetic syndromes, such as Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis, increase the risk of colon cancer.
6. Diet: A diet high in red and processed meats, and low in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, has been linked to an increased risk of colon cancer.
7. Obesity: Being overweight or obese increases the risk of colon cancer.
8. Physical inactivity: A sedentary lifestyle is associated with an increased risk of colon cancer.
9. Smoking: Smoking increases the risk of colon cancer, as well as other types of cancer.
10. Alcohol consumption: Heavy alcohol use has been linked to an increased risk of colon cancer.
11. Type 2 diabetes: People with type 2 diabetes have a higher risk of developing colon cancer.
12. Ethnicity: African Americans have a higher risk of colon cancer than other ethnic groups.
13. Radiation therapy: Previous radiation therapy for other cancers in the abdomen or pelvis may increase the risk of colon cancer.
14. Inherited syndromes: Certain inherited syndromes, such as Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis, increase the risk of colon cancer.
15. Obstruction, perforation, and T4-level invasion: These factors have been identified as independent risk factors for colon cancer.
16. Controllable risk factors: Some risk factors, such as diet and lifestyle, can be controlled to reduce the risk of colon cancer.
17. Regular exercise and a healthy diet: Engaging in regular physical activity and eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help reduce the risk of colon cancer.
18. Screening: Regular screening for colon cancer, such as colonoscopy, can help detect and prevent the disease.
19. Risk factors beyond our control: Some risk factors, such as age, race, and family history, cannot be changed, but being aware of them can help with early detection and treatment.
20. Lifestyle risk factors: Being physically inactive, overweight, smoking, and heavy alcohol consumption are lifestyle risk factors that can increase the risk of colon cancer.
21. Screening: Regular screening for colon cancer, such as colonoscopy, can help detect and prevent the disease.
22. Early detection: Early detection of colon cancer through screening can improve survival rates.
23. Risk factors for advanced metachronous neoplasms: Distal colon cancer, synchronous high-risk adenomas, and hypertension may increase the risk of advanced metachronous neoplasms during surveillance after colon cancer resection.
24. Screening options: There are various screening options for colon cancer, including fecal occult blood tests, sigmoidoscopy, and virtual colonoscopy.
25. Risk factors for anastomosis leakage: Smoking and long operating time are risk factors for right-side colon anastomosis leakage after laparoscopic right colectomy.
26. Oncologic outcomes: There are no significant differences in local recurrence, overall survival, or cancer-specific survival between patients with and without anastomosis leakage after laparoscopic right colectomy.
27. Risk factors for colon cancer in postmenopausal women: Age, waist girth, use of hormone therapy, years smoked, arthritis, lower hematocrit levels, fatigue, diabetes, less use of sleep medication, and cholecystectomy are risk factors for colon cancer in postmenopausal women.
28. Risk factors in Jiashan County,
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