Say pathophysiology na breast cancer et ontutukoy ed saray ag-normal a pananguman ed normal iran proseso tan mekanismo na laman ya nagagawa sano ontubo tan onloor so breast cancer.
Lalanoren na satan so panaral ed saray manunan biolohikal tan molekular a mekanismo a manresulta ed agnakontrol ya ibaleg tan ikayat na saray selula na kanser ed tissue na pagew.
Kabiangan ed satan iray genetic, epigenetic, tan environmental factor ya panlalapuan, panlalapuan, tan pansusumpalan na breast cancer.
Arum ed saray manunan pananguman ed laman na saray walaan na breast cancer et:
1. Genetic mutations: Saray mutation ed pigaran gene, a singa say BRCA1 tan BRCA2, so nayarin mamawalay breast cancer.
Sarayan mutation so nayarin natawir odino niwala legan na bilay na sakey a too.
2. Ag-impantutumbokan na hormone: Saray hormone, nagkalautla ed estrogen, so nayarin walaan na betang ed ibubulaslas tan ibubulaslas na breast cancer.
Say ag-imbalanse na hormone levels odino sobran estrogen so nayarin mamawalay breast cancer.
3. Panotot: Say graben panotot ed tissue na pagew so nayarin pansengegan na ibubulaslas na kanser ed pagew lapud papalaknaben na satan so ibubulaslas tan iyabig na saray selula na kanser.
4. Tumor microenvironment: Say kaliberliber na tumor, a mangilaktip ed extracellular matrix, immune cells, tan saray blood vessel, so nayarin mangimpluensya ed ibubulaslas tan ikayat na kanser ed suso.
5. Metastasis: Say kanser ed pagew so nayarin onkayat ed arum a parte na laman panamegley na lymphatic system odino dala, a manresulta ed pakawalaay komaduan tumor ed arum nin organ.
Importante so pakatalos ed pathophysiology na breast cancer pian napawala iray epektibon paraan na pampaliis, masakbay a pakaamta, tan pantambal.
Underwood SM: Breast cancer in African American women: nursing essentials. ABNF J. , 17 (1): 3-14.
Paliwal SR, Paliwal R, Agrawal GP, Vyas SP: Liposomal nanomedicine for breast cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond). 2011, 6 (6): 1085-100.
Rauch GM, Adrada BE: Comparison of Breast MR Imaging with Molecular Breast Imaging in Breast Cancer Screening, Diagnosis, Staging, and Treatment Response Evaluation. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2018, 26 (2): 273-280.
Wei H, Wang H, Ji Q, Sun J, Tao L, Zhou X: NRBP1 is downregulated in breast cancer and NRBP1 overexpression inhibits cancer cell proliferation through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Onco Targets Ther. 2015, 8 (): 3721-30.
Eden JA: Human breast cancer stem cells and sex hormones--a narrative review. Menopause. 2010, 17 (4): 801-10.
Schneider BP, Winer EP, Foulkes WD, Garber J, Perou CM, Richardson A, Sledge GW, Carey LA: Triple-negative breast cancer: risk factors to potential targets. Clin Cancer Res. 2008, 14 (24): 8010-8.
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What is pathophysiology of breast cancer?
Pathophysiology of breast cancer refers to the abnormal changes in the normal physiological processes and mechanisms that occur in the development and progression of breast cancer.
It involves the study of the underlying biological and molecular mechanisms that lead to the uncontrolled growth and spread of cancer cells in the breast tissue.
This includes the genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that contribute to the initiation, promotion, and progression of breast cancer.
Some of the key pathophysiological changes in breast cancer include:
1. Genetic mutations: Mutations in certain genes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, can increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
These mutations can be inherited or acquired during a person's lifetime.
2. Hormonal imbalances: Hormones, particularly estrogen, can play a role in the development and growth of breast cancer.
An imbalance in hormone levels or exposure to excess estrogen can increase the risk of breast cancer.
3. Inflammation: Chronic inflammation in the breast tissue can contribute to the development of breast cancer by promoting the growth and survival of cancer cells.
4. Tumor microenvironment: The environment surrounding the tumor, including the extracellular matrix, immune cells, and blood vessels, can influence the growth and spread of breast cancer.
5. Metastasis: Breast cancer can spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or bloodstream, leading to the formation of secondary tumors in distant organs.
Understanding the pathophysiology of breast cancer is crucial for developing effective prevention, early detection, and treatment strategies.
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