What are the risk factors for Heart attack?

['Umviriza uru rupapuro']

Ni ibiki bishobora gutuma umuntu afatwa n'indwara y'umutima?

Hari ibintu vyinshi bishobora gutuma umuntu afatwa n'indwara y'umutima, harimwo:

1. Imyaka: Ingeramizi yo gufatwa n'indwara y'umutima irongerekana uko umuntu agenda arakura, canecane inyuma y'imyaka 45 ku bagabo be n'imyaka 55 ku bagore.

2. Igipimo kiri hejuru c'ibinure: Igipimo kiri hejuru c'ibinure bibi (cholestérol LDL) be n'igipimo kiri hasi c'ibinure vyiza (cholestérol HDL) birashobora gutuma umuntu ageramirwa n'indwara y'umutima.

3. Umuvuduko w'amaraso: Umuvuduko w'amaraso udakurikiraniwe neza urashobora kwonona imitsi itwara amaraso, bigatuma umuntu arushiriza kugeramirwa n'indwara y'umutima.

4. Indwara y'igisukari: Abantu barwaye indwara y'igisukari barageramirwa cane n'indwara y'umutima kubera ko isukari nyinshi mu maraso yonona imitsi itwara amaraso.

5. Kuba umuntu aremvye cane canke afise ibilo birenze: Kuba umuntu aremvye birenze birashobora gutuma arushiriza kugeramirwa n'indwara y'umutima kubera ko bituma arwara izindi ndwara, nk'ivumbuka ry'umurindi w'amaraso be n'igisukari.

6. Kudakora imyimenyerezo: Kudakora imyimenyerezo ngororangingo birashobora gutuma umuntu arwara indwara y'umutima kandi bigatuma arushiriza kugeramirwa n'indwara y'umutima.

7. Kunywa itabi: Kunywa itabi ni kimwe mu bintu nyamukuru bituma umuntu afatwa n'indwara y'umutima, kubera ko vyonona imitsi itwara amaraso kandi bigatuma amaraso avura.

8. Inkurikizi zo mu muryango: Mu gihe mu muryango hari abafise indwara y'umutima, birashobora gutuma umuntu arushiriza kugeramirwa n'indwara y'umutima.

9. Umutima utera cane: Ni ukudatembera neza kw'umutima gushobora gutuma umuntu ageramirwa n'indwara y'umutima be n'iy'itembera ry'amaraso mu bwonko.

10. Indwara y'umutima canke indwara yo mu bwonko imaze gushika: Abantu bamaze gufatwa n'indwara y'umutima canke indwara yo mu bwonko birashoboka cane ko basubira kuyirwara.

11. Amaganya: Amaganya arenze urugero arashobora gutuma umuntu arwara indwara y'umutima kandi akongereza akaga ko kurwara umutima.

12. Indwara zifatira mu mubiri: Indwara nk'iyitwa lupus be n'iyitwa polyarthrite rhumatoïde zirashobora gutuma abagore barushiriza kurwara indwara y'umutima.

13. Ingorane z'amagara zijanye n'ukwibungenga: Abagore barwara indwara y'igisukari canke indwara y'ivumbuka ry'umurindi w'amaraso igihe bibungenze, usanga bashobora kurwara indwara y'umutima mu nyuma.

14. Incanco zituma umubiri w'umugore usohora imisemburo bita œstrogènes nkeyi: Abagore bahejeje gucura canke abaciwe inda usanga bagira imisemburo bita œstrogènes nkeyi, ivyo bikaba bishobora gutuma barushiriza kugeramirwa n'indwara y'umutima ugereranije n'abagore batigeze bayirwara.

Birahambaye kumenya yuko naho ibintu bimwebimwe bishobora gutuma umuntu arwara indwara y'igituntu, nk'imyaka canke kahise k'umuryango, bidashobora guhinduka, ibindi vyinshi birashobora guhinduka biciye ku guhindura ukuntu umuntu abayeho no ku miti.

Kwama wisuzumisha, gufungura neza, kwama winonora imitsi, guheba itabi no kuvura indwara zidakira nka kanseri be n'igisukari birashobora gutuma indwara y'umutima idashikira abantu benshi.

['Ibitabu vyo muri Bibiliya']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais: a street-intercept survey method. Int J Nurs Pract. 2010, 16 (5): 492-8.

Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Zawiah M, Elnaem MH, Mohamed Ibrahim MI: Awareness of the Risk Factors for Heart Attack Among the General Public in Pahang, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020, 13 (): 3089-3102.

Fussman C, Rafferty AP, Reeves MJ, Zackery S, Lyon-Callo S, Anderson B: Racial disparities in knowledge of stroke and heart attack risk factors and warning signs among Michigan adults. Ethn Dis. 2009, 19 (2): 128-34.

Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Fata Nahas AR: Development of questionnaire on awareness and action towards symptoms and risk factors of heart attack and stroke among a Malaysian population. BMC Public Health. 2019, 19 (1): 1300.

Hwang SY, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Korean immigrants' knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors. J Immigr Minor Health. 2008, 10 (1): 67-72.

Fukuoka Y, Oh YJ: Perceived Heart Attack Likelihood in Adults with a High Diabetes Risk. Heart Lung. , 52 (): 42-47.

Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais. West J Nurs Res. 2009, 31 (8): 1088-9.

['Urupapuro rwemeza ko ata ruhusha:']

["Uru rubuga rw'ivy'ubuvuzi ruratangwa ku bw'inyigisho no ku bw'ukumenyesha amakuru gusa, ntirutanga impanuro mu vy'ubuvuzi canke ngo rube urwego rw'abahinga mu vy'ubuvuzi."]

["Amakuru atangwa n'ivyo binyamakuru ntabereye gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma canke mu kuvura ingorane y'amagara canke indwara kanaka, kandi abarondera impanuro zijanye n'ivy'ubuvuzi bakwiye kwitura umuganga abifitiye uruhusha."]

["Urabona ko ubuhinga bwa none butanga inyishu z'ibibazo usanga butarimwo ukuri na canecane igihe ari ibitigiri, nk'akarorero igitigiri c'abantu barwaye indwara kanaka."]

["Niwame usaba impanuro umuganga wawe canke uwundi muntu abifitiye uburenganzira mu bijanye n'amagara yawe. Ntiwigere wirengagiza impanuro z'umuganga canke ngo ureke kuzirondera kubera ivyo wasomye kuri uyu muhora. Nimba wibaza ko hari ikintu cihutirwa mu vy'amagara, nuce uhamagara 911 canke uje aho bavurira indembe hagufi."]

["Igabishwa: uburenganzira bw'abafise ivyo banditse"]

["Itegeko ryo mu 1998 ryerekeye uburenganzira umuntu afise mu vyo akoresha mu guhanahana amakuru (Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the DMCA) ritanga uburenganzira ku bantu bafise uburenganzira bwo guhanahana amakuru babona ko ibintu vyerekanwa kuri Internet bihonyanga uburenganzira bwabo hisunzwe amategeko ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ajanye n'uburenganzira umuntu afise. "]

['Mu gihe wibaza ko hari ibintu canke ibikoresho vyabonetse ku rubuga rwacu canke ku mbuga zacu bibangamiye uburenganzira bwawe, wewe (canke uwukugenzura) urashobora kuturungikira ubutumwa busaba ko ivyo bintu canke ivyo bikoresho bikurwaho canke ko bitagisubira kuboneka. ']

['Amatangazo ategerezwa kurungikwa mu nyandiko hakoreshejwe ubutumwa bwa "email" (raba ahavuga ngo "Kwitaba" kugira ngo umenye aderese ya "email").']

["Itegeko rya DMCA risaba ko umenyesha ko hari uwugomba guhonyanga uburenganzira bwawe mu gutanga amakuru akurikira: (1) idondorwa ry'igikorwa gikingiwe n'amategeko kiriko kiragirizwa guhonyanga uburenganzira bwawe; (2) idondorwa ry'ibiri mu vyo bavuga ko bihonyanga uburenganzira bwawe be n'amakuru ahagije atuma dushobora kumenya aho biri; (3) amakuru y'ukuntu twokwifatanya nawe, harimwo aderese yawe, inomero za telefone n'ikete ryawe ryo kurungikiranira ubutumwa kuri internet; (4) ivyemeza ko wemera udakeka ko ivyo bintu biri mu buryo uriko uridodombera bitahawe uburenganzira n'uwabitunganije, canke uwubiserukira, canke n'itegeko iryo ari ryo ryose; "]

["(5) urwandiko rwanditswe n'uwatanze iyo notifica-tion, rwemeza ko amakuru ari muri iyo notifica-tion ari ay'ukuri kandi ko afise ububasha bwo gukurikirana ivy'uwo muntu avuga ko yahonyanze uburenganzira bwiwe; "]

["n' (6) umukono w'umuntu canke w'ubuhinga bwa elegitoronike w'uwuri n'ico kintu canke w'umuntu yahawe uburenganzira bwo gukora ku bw'uwo muntu. "]

['Kudashiramwo amakuru yose ari aho haruguru vyoshobora gutuma ivyo kwitwarira umuntu bicererwa.']

['Uwushobora kugufasha']

['Turakwinginze uturungikire ubutumwa kuri email ufise ikibazo / iciyumviro.']

What are the risk factors for heart attack?

There are several risk factors for heart attack, including:

1. Age: The risk of heart attack increases with age, especially after the age of 45 for men and 55 for women.

2. High cholesterol levels: High levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol can increase the risk of heart attack.

3. High blood pressure: Uncontrolled high blood pressure can damage the arteries and increase the risk of heart attack.

4. Diabetes: People with diabetes are at a higher risk of heart attack due to the damage high blood sugar can cause to blood vessels.

5. Being overweight or obese: Excess weight can increase the risk of heart attack by contributing to other risk factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes.

6. Not exercising: Lack of physical activity can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.

7. Smoking: Smoking is a major risk factor for heart attack, as it damages the blood vessels and increases the risk of blood clots.

8. Family history: A family history of heart disease can increase the risk of heart attack.

9. Atrial fibrillation: This is an irregular heart rhythm that can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.

10. Previous heart attack or stroke: People who have had a previous heart attack or stroke are at a higher risk of having another one.

11. Stress: Chronic stress can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.

12. Autoimmune conditions: Conditions such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can increase the risk of heart disease in women.

13. Pregnancy-related health problems: Women who develop gestational diabetes or hypertension during pregnancy are at an increased risk of developing heart disease later in life.

14. Low estrogen levels: Women who have gone through menopause or had a hysterectomy have lower levels of estrogen, which can increase their risk of heart disease compared to women who have not.

It is important to note that while some risk factors, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, many others can be managed through lifestyle changes and medical interventions.

Regular check-ups, maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, and managing chronic conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes can help reduce the risk of heart attack.

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