What are the risk factors for Heart attack?

Aye wa alingbi ti sala si bê ti zo aluti?

Aye mingi ayeke dä so alingbi ti sala si bê ti zo aluti ngangu, so na popo ni:

1. Ngu ti zo: Tongana ngu ti zo ayeke gue na li ni, kpale ti kobela ti bê ayeke gue na li ni, mbilimbili na peko ti ngu 45 ti akoli nga na ngu 55 ti awali.

2. Kota wungo ti ye so ayeke na yâ mênë ti zo: Kota wungo ti ye so ayeke na yâ mênë ti zo so a hiri ni LDL (sioni ye) nga na kete wungo ti ye so a hiri ni HDL (nzoni ye) alingbi ti sala si kpale ti bê aga ngangu.

3. Kota tension: Tongana a kanga lege na ni pëpe, a lingbi ti buba yâ ti akota kamba ti mênë na ti sala si kobela ti bê aga ngangu.

Azo so ayeke na kobela ti diabète ayeke na yâ kota kpale ti wara kobela ti bê ndali ti so tongana ala yeke na gbâ ti sucre na yâ mênë, a yeke buba ambeni ye na yâ mênë ti ala.

5. Ti kono ahon ndo ni wala ti kono ahon ndo ni: Tongana zo ayeke na kota ndo wala lo kono ahon ndo ni, a lingbi ti sala si kobela ti bê asala lo mingi ahon ti kozo.

6 Ti sala ngia ti tele pëpe: Tongana zo asala ngia ti tele pëpe, lo lingbi ti wara kobela ti bê na ti wara kota kpale ti kobela ti bê.

Nyongo manga: Nyongo manga ayeke mbeni kota ye so alingbi ti sala si bê ti zo aluti ngangu, teti a buba akota mbage ti mênë na a sala si mênë akpengba mingi.

8. Tondo ti sewa: Tongana mbeni sewa ayeke na kobela ti bê, ye so alingbi ti sala si kpale ti bê so alingbi ti gbu zo ague na li ni mingi.

9. Fibrillation auriculaire: A yeke mbeni kobela so asala si bê ti zo ayeke pika kirikiri, na so alingbi ti sala si kobela ti bê na ti tension abi lo mingi.

10. Kozo kobela ti bê wala kobela ti tension: Azo so kobela ti bê wala ti tension asala ala kozo ayeke na kota kpale ti kiri ti wara ni.

11. Kota gingo bê: Kota gingo bê alingbi ti sala si kobela ti bê amaï na alingbi ti sala si kpale ti bê aga ngangu.

12. Kobela so ayeke buba ambeni mbage ti tele ti zo: Kobela tongana lupus na rhumatisme alingbi ti sala si awali awara kobela ti bê mingi.

13. Akpale ti seni so aga na peko ti ngo: Awali so ayeke na kobela ti diabète wala kobela ti tension na ngoi ti ngo ayeke wara kpale ti kobela ti bê na pekoni.

14. A yeke wara mingi pëpe na yâ tele ti awali mbeni ye so asala si tele ti ala akpengba: Awali so a zi yâ ti da ti ala awe wala so a zia na tele ti ala mbeni ye so asala si tele ti ala akpengba mingi pëpe ayeke wara mingi pëpe mbeni ye so asala si tele ti ala akpengba mingi pëpe, na ye so alingbi ti sala si ala wara kobela ti bê mingi ahon awali so a zi yâ ti da ti ala pëpe.

A yeke kota ye ti hinga so atâa so zo alingbi pëpe ti changé ambeni ye so ayeke na gunda ti kobela ni, na tapande ngu ti zo nga na kobela so sewa ti lo ayeke na ni kozo, a lingbi ti leke ambeni mingi na lege ti aye so zo ayeke sara na yâ ti fini ti lo nga na ayorö.

Ti gue lakue ti bâ awanganga, ti te anzoni kobe, ti sara sport lakue, ti zia lege ti nyongo manga nga ti bâ lege ti akobela tongana kobela ti tension nga na diabète alingbi ti sara si kobela ti bê asara mo mingi pëpe.

['Atënë so a bâ na ndo ni']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais: a street-intercept survey method. Int J Nurs Pract. 2010, 16 (5): 492-8.

Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Zawiah M, Elnaem MH, Mohamed Ibrahim MI: Awareness of the Risk Factors for Heart Attack Among the General Public in Pahang, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020, 13 (): 3089-3102.

Fussman C, Rafferty AP, Reeves MJ, Zackery S, Lyon-Callo S, Anderson B: Racial disparities in knowledge of stroke and heart attack risk factors and warning signs among Michigan adults. Ethn Dis. 2009, 19 (2): 128-34.

Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Fata Nahas AR: Development of questionnaire on awareness and action towards symptoms and risk factors of heart attack and stroke among a Malaysian population. BMC Public Health. 2019, 19 (1): 1300.

Hwang SY, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Korean immigrants' knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors. J Immigr Minor Health. 2008, 10 (1): 67-72.

Fukuoka Y, Oh YJ: Perceived Heart Attack Likelihood in Adults with a High Diabetes Risk. Heart Lung. , 52 (): 42-47.

Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais. West J Nurs Res. 2009, 31 (8): 1088-9.

['Tënë ti ziango kamene na lê: tënë ti seni']

['A zia site so gi ti fa na ye na azo na ti mû wango na ala.']

['A lingbi a sala kusala pëpe na asango so a mû ti hinga wala ti kaï na mbeni kpale ti seni wala kobela, na a lingbi ala so aye ti wara wango ti kaïngo kobela teti ala mveni ahunda mbeni wanganga so ayeke na mbeti ti hinga ye na ndo ni.']

['Bâ so tongana a hunda na zo ti fa wungo ti azo so ayeke na mbeni kobela, a yeke ngangu ti tene lo fa tâ wungo ti azo ni.']

['Gi lakue wango ti wanganga ti mo wala mbeni wanganga so ahinga kua ti lo nzoni na ndo ti kobela ti mo. Zia lâ oko pëpe ti ke wango ti wanganga wala ti ku ti wara ni ndali ti mbeni ye so mo diko na ndo ti site so. Tongana mo bâ so mo yeke na yâ ti mbeni kpale ti seni, iri 911 wala gue hio na hôpital so ayeke nduru na mo.']

['Kengo tene: droit ti lo ti sala tene']

['Ndia ti Amerika na ndo droit ti sigingo na ambeti (Digital Millennium Copyright Act) ti ngu 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (so a hiri ni DMCA) amû lege na azo so ayeke na droit ti sigingo na ambeti ti bâ wala ambeti so asigigi na ndo ti Internet ni adoro droit ti ala so ndia ti Amerika amû na ndo droit ti sigingo na ambeti amû lege na ala ti sala ni. ']

['Tongana mo pensé so mbeni ye so ayeke na ndo ti site ti e wala na yâ ti ambeni ye so e yeke sara andu droit ti mo ti batango ambeti ti e, mo (wala zo so mo sara kua na iri ti lo) alingbi ti tokua na e mbeni mbeti ti hunda ti tene a zi ni wala a kanga lege na mo ti wara ni.']

['A lingbi a tokua ambeti ni na lege ti mbeni lettre so a sû na ndo ti ordinateur wala na lege ti mbeni téléphone (bâ mbage "A-adresse ti téléphone").']

['Ndia ti DMCA ahunda ti tene na yâ ti mbeti ti mo so a tene mbeni zo asara mbeni ye so ake ndia ti droit ti batango ambeti, mo zia atënë so ge: (1) fango peko ti kua so ndia ti batango ambeti ni ake ni; (2) fango peko ti aye so a tene a sara ye ti ke ndia ti batango ambeti ni nga na atënë so alingbi ti mû lege na e ti wara aye ni so; (3) asango ti mo ti wara mo, so andu adresse ti mo, numéro ti téléphone ti mo nga na adresse ti e-mail ti mo; (4) mbeni tënë so mo tene na bê ti mo kue so tënë ti aye ni so mo dema tere dä so ayeke pëpe tënë ti zo so ayeke na droit ti batango ambeti ni, wala zo so ayeke sara kua na iri ti lo, wala ndia ti kodoro ti mo.']

['(5) Mo sû maboko ti mo na gbe ti ngbanga ti mvene na mo tene so atënë so ayeke na yâ ti mbeti ni ayeke tâ tënë nga so mo yeke na ngangu ti sara si a bata droit ti mo ti sigingo na ambeti so a tene a doro ni.']

['Nga (6) mbeni maboko ti zo so ayeke na droit ti sigingo na ambeti ni wala mbeni maboko ti mbeni zo so ayeke sara kua na iri ti zo ni.']

['Tongana mo sû atënë so kue pëpe, a lingbi ti sara si a mû ngoi mingi pëpe ti bâ lege ti tënë ti mo ni.']

['Tënë ti kiri ti bâ zo']

['Tongana mo yeke na mbeni hundango tënë wala mbeni tënë ti tene, tokua ni na e na lege ti mbeni lettre.']

What are the risk factors for heart attack?

There are several risk factors for heart attack, including:

1. Age: The risk of heart attack increases with age, especially after the age of 45 for men and 55 for women.

2. High cholesterol levels: High levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol can increase the risk of heart attack.

3. High blood pressure: Uncontrolled high blood pressure can damage the arteries and increase the risk of heart attack.

4. Diabetes: People with diabetes are at a higher risk of heart attack due to the damage high blood sugar can cause to blood vessels.

5. Being overweight or obese: Excess weight can increase the risk of heart attack by contributing to other risk factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes.

6. Not exercising: Lack of physical activity can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.

7. Smoking: Smoking is a major risk factor for heart attack, as it damages the blood vessels and increases the risk of blood clots.

8. Family history: A family history of heart disease can increase the risk of heart attack.

9. Atrial fibrillation: This is an irregular heart rhythm that can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.

10. Previous heart attack or stroke: People who have had a previous heart attack or stroke are at a higher risk of having another one.

11. Stress: Chronic stress can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.

12. Autoimmune conditions: Conditions such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can increase the risk of heart disease in women.

13. Pregnancy-related health problems: Women who develop gestational diabetes or hypertension during pregnancy are at an increased risk of developing heart disease later in life.

14. Low estrogen levels: Women who have gone through menopause or had a hysterectomy have lower levels of estrogen, which can increase their risk of heart disease compared to women who have not.

It is important to note that while some risk factors, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, many others can be managed through lifestyle changes and medical interventions.

Regular check-ups, maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, and managing chronic conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes can help reduce the risk of heart attack.

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