Nneɛma bɛn na ebetumi ama obi anya nufu mu kokoram?
Nneɛma pii na ɛma obi nya nufu mu kokoram, na ebi wɔ hɔ a wobetumi ayɛ ho biribi na ebi nso wɔ hɔ a wontumi nyɛ.
Nneɛma a ɛma obi nya yare yi bi na edidi so yi:
1. Mfe a obi adi: Sɛ obi nyin a, ɛma otumi nya nufu mu kokoram, na mmea a wɔadi boro mfe 50 na wonya bi.
2. Abusua mu abakɔsɛm: Sɛ wowɔ obusuani bi a ɔbɛn wo paa te sɛ wo maame, wo nuabea, anaa wo babea a ɔwɔ nufu mu kokoram a, ebetumi ama woanya bi.
3. Awosu mu nsakrae: Awosu mu nsakrae bi a wonya fi awo mu te sɛ BRCA1 ne BRCA2 no ma obi nya nufu mu kokoram.
4. Awo ho abakɔsɛm: Sɛ obi fi ase nya bra ntɛm, sɛ otwa bra ntɛm, na onni mma anaa onya ne ba a odi kan bere a wadi mfe 30 akyi a, ebetumi ama ne yare no ayɛ kɛse.
5. Ayaresa a wɔde si nipadua mu nkwammoaa ananmu: Sɛ obi di estrogen ne progesterone nnuru a wɔde si nipadua mu nkwammoaa ananmu bere tenten wɔ bere a watwa bra no a, ebetumi ama yare no ayɛ kɛse.
6. Nsã nom: Asanom tumi ma obi nya nufu mu kokoram.
7. Nsõ a obi so dodo: Sɛ obi so dodo anaa ɔyɛ kɛse boro so a, ɛma asiane no yɛ kɛse, titiriw bere a watwa bra no.
8. Apɔw mu a obi teɛteɛ: Apɔw mu a obi nteɛteɛ no betumi ama yare no ayɛ kɛse.
9. Mframa mu a wɔtwe: Mframa mu a wɔtwe kɛse, titiriw wɔ mmofraberem no betumi ama asiane no ayɛ kɛse.
10. Nufu a emu yɛ duru: Mmea a wɔn nufu yɛ duru no betumi anya nufu mu kokoram.
11. Ɔbea a watwa bra pɛn: Mmea a wofii ase twaa bra ntɛm (ansa na wɔadi mfe 12) anaa wɔn a wotwaa bra ntɛm (wɔadi mfe 55 akyi) no betumi anya yare no bi.
12. Nufu a Wɔde Ma: Mmea a wɔnwoo wɔn da no betumi anya nufu mu kokoram kakra.
Ɛho hia sɛ wuhu sɛ sɛ obi wɔ nneɛma a ebetumi ama wanya kokoram biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ onii no benya nufu mu kokoram, na sɛ onni nneɛma a ebetumi ama wanya kokoram biara a, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ onii no rennya nufu mu kokoram.
Nanso, sɛ obi te nneɛma a ebetumi ama yare no ayɛ no mu yiye a, ebetumi aboa no ma wasi gyinae pa wɔ n'apɔwmuden ho, na ebetumi ama yare no so atew.
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Ho PJ, Lau HSH, Ho WK, Wong FY, Yang Q, Tan KW, Tan MH, Chay WY, Chia KS, Hartman M, Li J: Incidence of breast cancer attributable to breast density, modifiable and non-modifiable breast cancer risk factors in Singapore. Sci Rep. 2020, 10 (1): 503.
Barnard ME, Boeke CE, Tamimi RM: Established breast cancer risk factors and risk of intrinsic tumor subtypes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015, 1856 (1): 73-85.
Hines LM, Risendal B, Slattery ML, Baumgartner KB, Giuliano AR, Sweeney C, Rollison DE, Byers T: Comparative analysis of breast cancer risk factors among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women. Cancer. 2010, 116 (13): 3215-23.
Rosner B, Glynn RJ, Eliassen AH, Hankinson SE, Tamimi RM, Chen WY, Holmes MD, Mu Y, Peng C, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Tworoger SS: A Multi-State Survival Model for Time to Breast Cancer Mortality among a Cohort of Initially Disease-Free Women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2022, 31 (8): 1582-1592.
['Nsɛm a Ɛnsɛ sɛ Wɔka:']
['Wɔayɛ wɛbsaet yi sɛ wɔmfa nkyerɛkyerɛ na wɔmfa nkyerɛkyerɛ afoforo, na ɛnyɛ sɛ wɔde rema aduruyɛ ho afotu anaa wɔde rema adwuma.']
['Ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde nsɛm a wɔde ama no di dwuma de hwehwɛ yare bi ho yare anaa wɔde sa yare, na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔn a wɔrehwehwɛ ayaresa ho afotu no kohu oduruyɛfo a ɔwɔ tumi krataa.']
['Yɛsrɛ wo hyɛ no nsow sɛ, sɛnea wɔhwɛ nsɛmmisa no so no, sɛ ɛba sɛ wɔrekyerɛw nnipa dodow a wɔanya yare bi ho asɛm a, ɛntaa nsi yiye.']
['Hwehwɛ afotu fi wo duruyɛfo anaa ɔyaresafo foforo a ɔfata hɔ bere biara wɔ yare bi ho. Nnya adwene sɛ wo nsa bɛka oduruyɛfo afotu anaasɛ wubetwa so esiane biribi a woakenkan wɔ wɛbsaet yi so nti. Sɛ wususuw sɛ ebia wo ho behia wo wɔ ayaresa mu a, frɛ 911 anaa kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo paa ntɛm ara.']
['Nsɛm a wɔmmɔ ho ban:']
['Digital Millennium Copyright Act a wɔhyɛe wɔ afe 1998 mu, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (DMCA) no ma wɔn a wɔwɔ hokwan sɛ wɔyɛ wɔn nneɛma no kwan sɛ wɔyɛ nea wɔpɛ biara.']
["Sɛ wugye di sɛ nsɛm anaa nneɛma a ɛwɔ yɛn wɛbsaet anaa yɛn dwumadibea no mu bi to wo mmara a wode bɔɔ nneɛma ho ban no a, wo (anaa w'ananmusifo) betumi de krataa akɔma yɛn de aka sɛ yɛnyi nsɛm anaa nneɛma no, anaa yɛmmɔ kwan mma wonnya bi."]
["Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde krataa ne email na ɛbɔ amanneɛ (hwɛ 'Contact' afã hɔ na wubehu email address)."]
['DMCA hwehwɛ sɛ wo amanneɛbɔ a ɛfa nea wɔkyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ mmara a wobu so ho no de nsɛm a edidi so yi ka ho: (1) adwuma a mmara bɔ ho ban a wɔkyerɛ sɛ wɔadi so no ho asɛm; (2) nsɛm a wɔkyerɛ sɛ wɔadi so no ho asɛm ne nsɛm a ɛbɛboa yɛn ma yɛahu baabi a ɛwɔ; (3) wo ho nsɛm a yɛde bedi nkitaho, a wo address, telefon nɔma ne email address ka ho; (4) wo nsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wugye di sɛ nea wɔabɔ ho sobo no nyɛ nea mmara ma ho kwan; ']
['(5) wo nsahyɛ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nsɛm a ɛwɔ amanneɛbɔ no mu yɛ nokware, na wowɔ tumi sɛ wode nea wɔkyerɛ sɛ woadi ho dwuma no bedi dwuma; ']
['ne (6) nea ɔwɔ tumi sɛ ɔyɛ biribi ma obi a ɔwɔ tumi sɛ ɔyɛ biribi ma no no nsaano nkyerɛwee.']
['Sɛ woamfa nsɛm a yɛaka yi nyinaa anka ho a, ebetumi ama wo ka no akyɛ.']
['Nkitahodi']
['Yɛsrɛ wo, fa nsɛmmisa anaa nyansahyɛ biara a wowɔ brɛ yɛn wɔ e-mail so.']
What are the risk factors for breast cancer?
There are several risk factors for breast cancer, some of which are modifiable and others that are not.
Here are some of the most common risk factors:
1. Age: The risk of developing breast cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in women over the age of 50.
2. Family history: Having a close relative, such as a mother, sister, or daughter, with breast cancer increases your risk.
3. Genetic mutations: Certain inherited gene mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
4. Reproductive history: Early menarche (start of menstruation), late menopause, and having no children or having the first child after age 30 can increase the risk.
5. Hormone replacement therapy: Long-term use of combined estrogen and progesterone hormone therapy after menopause can increase the risk.
6. Alcohol consumption: Drinking alcohol increases the risk of breast cancer.
7. Obesity: Being overweight or obese increases the risk, especially after menopause.
8. Physical activity: Lack of physical activity can increase the risk.
9. Radiation exposure: Exposure to high doses of radiation, particularly during childhood, can increase the risk.
10. Breast density: Women with dense breasts have a higher risk of developing breast cancer.
11. Menstrual history: Women who started menstruating early (before age 12) or went through menopause late (after age 55) have a slightly higher risk.
12. Breastfeeding: Women who have never breastfed have a slightly higher risk of developing breast cancer.
It is important to note that having one or more risk factors does not mean that a person will definitely develop breast cancer, and not having any risk factors does not guarantee that a person will not develop breast cancer.
However, understanding these risk factors can help individuals make informed decisions about their health and potentially reduce their risk.
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