How is Colon cancer diagnosed?

['ⵙⵎⴷ ⵜⴰⵖⴹⴼⵜ ⴰⴷ']

ⵎⴰⵎⴽ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⵟⵟⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵍⴽⵓⵏⵚⵉⵕ?

ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍ ⴽⵉⵔⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵔⴷⴰⵢ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⴽⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴳⴳⵉⵜⵉⵏ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ:

1. ⴰⵙⴼⵙⵉ ⴰⴽⵎⴰⵎ: ⵔⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⵎⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴼⵙⵉ ⴰⴽⵎⴰⵎ ⵃⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⵣⵔⵉ ⵅⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵏ.

2. ⵉⵙⴼⵙⵉⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ: ⵉⵖⵢ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⵙⵉⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵢⴰⴼⴰ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵖⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴽⴰⵏⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴽⵓⵏⵚⵉⵕ.

3. ⵉⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵙⵓⵎ: ⵉⵖⵢ ⵓⵙⴰⵔⵎ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵙⵓⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵔⵥⵎ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴽⵙⵓⵎ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵖⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴽⵓⵏⵚⵉⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴷⴷⵓⵣ.

4. ⴰⵙⵉⵔⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵅⴷⵉⵍ: ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⵛⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵔⵔⴰⴱⵓ ⵎⵉⵛⵉⵍⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⵉⵏ, ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ ⴷ ⴽⴰⵎⵉⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴷⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵎⵜ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴳⵍ ⵓⵅⴷⵉⵍ.

ⴳ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⴽⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵅⴷⵉⵍ, ⵉⵖⵢ ⴷⵉⵖ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵙⵉ ⵓⵊⵉⵊⵊⵉ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵟⵟⴰⵡⵏ (ⵜⵉⴱⵢⵓⴱⵙⵉⵢⵉⵏ) ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵖⵔⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵍⴽⵓⵏⵚⵉⵕ.

5. ⵙⵉⵊⵎⵓⵉⴷⵓⵙⴽⵓⴱⵉ: ⵣⵓⵏⴷ ⵜⴰⴽⵓⵍⵓⵏⵓⵙⴽⵓⴱⵉ, ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵣⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⵙⵉⵊⵎⵓⵉⴷⵓⵙⴽⵓⴱⵉ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴷⴷⵓⵣ.

6. ⴰⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴼ ⴰⵎⵏⵥⵉ: ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵢⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵍ ⵏ ⵟⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵙⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵙⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴷⴷⵉ ⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵓⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ.

7. ⵉⵔⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵙⵓⵜ: ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵔⵉⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵙⵓⵜ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴽⵓⵏⵚⵉⵕ.

8. ⴰⵙⵓⵣⵔ ⵏ ⵍⴱⴰⵔⵢⵓⵎ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴰⵍⴼ: ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⵙ ⵓⵥⵏⵥⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵓⵍⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵖⴷⴷⵓ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙ ⵓⵙⴳⴰⵍⴼ ⵉ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵅⵛⴰⵏ.

9. ⴰⵙⵏⴰⵢ: ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵙⵏⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵏⵖⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴽⵜⴰ ⵎⵥⵥⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵟⵟⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵖⵙⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵅⴷⵉⵍ ⵉ ⵓⵣⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵓⵎⵉⴽⵕⵓⵙⴽⵓⴱ ⵃⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢ ⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵖⵔⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵍⴽⵓⵏⵚⵉⵕ.

10. ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵡⵍⴰⴼ: ⵉⵖⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵜⵉ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵔⵢⵎ ⴷ ⵉⵔⵉⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵙⵔ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵢⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴱⵉⴷⴷ ⵜⵖⵎⵉ ⵖⵔ ⵜⴼⵓⵍⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴳⴳⴰ.

ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵍⴽⵓⵏⵚⵉⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵅⵅⴰⵎ, ⵔⴰⴷ ⵉⵖⵔ ⵓⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵕ ⴰⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵍⴽⵓⵏⵚⵉⵕ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴽⵍ.

ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⴽⴰⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ ⵅⴼ ⵓⴽⵙⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵉⵍⵓⴼ, ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵣⵣⵉⴳⵉⵣ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵙⵉⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴳⴳⴰ.

['ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

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Shi J, Fei J, Yi Q, Shen L, Wan B, Chen Y, Chang Q: Treatment of colon cancer in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report. BMC Cancer. 2018, 18 (1): 961.

Ren QG, Huang T, Yang SL, Hu JL: Colon cancer metastasis to the mandibular gingiva with partial occult squamous differentiation: A case report and literature review. Mol Clin Oncol. 2017, 6 (2): 189-192.

Feng HT, Zou S, Chen M, Xiong F, Lee MH, Fang L, Tang BZ: Tuning Push-Pull Electronic Effects of AIEgens to Boost the Theranostic Efficacy for Colon Cancer. J Am Chem Soc. 2020, 142 (26): 11442-11450.

Slattery ML, Kerber RA: The impact of family history of colon cancer on survival after diagnosis with colon cancer. Int J Epidemiol. 1995, 24 (5): 888-96.

Tada M: [Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer]. Rinsho Byori. 1990, 38 (4): 403-6.

['ⴰⵙⴱⴷⵉⴷ: ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵊⵊⵉ']

['ⴰⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵓⵔⵣⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵓⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵣⵓⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ.']

['ⵓⵔ ⵉⵅⵚⵚⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵉⵊⵉⵊⵊⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⴹⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵖⵏⵓ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵊⵊⵉ ⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⵏⵉⵊⵊⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵊⵊⴰⵏ.']

['ⵙⵙⴽⵜⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴱⵔⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵣⵟⵟⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵔⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵉ ⵉⵙⵇⵙⵉⵜⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵜⴽⴽⵉ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ. ⵙ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ, ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵎⴰⴹⵓⵏⵜ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ.']

['ⴰⵀⴰ ⵣⵣⵔⵉⵢ ⵉ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⴽ ⵏⵖⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵉⵡⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵉⵖⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏⵏⴽ. ⵓⵔ ⴰⴽⴽⵡ ⵜⵃⵍⴰⵎ ⴰⵖ ⴰⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵣⵣⵔⵉⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⵔⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⵔⴷⴰ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⴽ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵉⵣⵉⵍⵏ, ⵙⴰⵡⵍⴰⵜ ⵙ 911 ⵏⵖⴷ ⴷⴷⵓ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵣⵉⴽⴽ. ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴳ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵖⴷ ⴰⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴱⵢⵓⵎⵉⴷⵍⴱ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏⵖⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⵔⴰⵡ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ, ⵙ ⵡⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵎⵔ, ⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ.']

['ⵉⵣⵍⵉ: ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ']

['ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵎⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (DMCA) ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙⵙⵉⵜⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⵜⵉⵔⵏⵉⵜ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⴳⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵎⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉ. ']

['ⵎⴽ ⵜⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵍⵜ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵙⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵖⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴷⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⵓⵏ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵙⵉ ⵏⵏⵓⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵕⵥⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵏⵏⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⵉⵖⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⴷ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏⵙⵔⵖⴷ (ⵏⵖⴷ ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ ⵏⵏⴽ) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵖⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵖⴷ ⴰⵙⴱⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔⵙⵏ. ']

['ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵢⵓⵔⴰⵢ ⵜⴱⵔⴰⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵜⴱⵔⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴽⵜⵕⵓⵏⵉⵜ (ⵥⵕ ⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴱⵔⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴽⵜⵕⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵏⵏⵉ "ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⴹⵏ").']

['ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴻⵖⵜⴰⵙ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵅⴼ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ: (1) ⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴰⵢ; (2) ⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ ⵃⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵏⴰⴼ; (3) ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⴹ ⴰⴽⴷⴽ, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵖⵉⵎ ⵏⵏⴽ ⴷ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵍⵢⵉⴱⵍ; (4) ⴰⵙⵉⵡⴹ ⵏⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⵎⵍ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⵣⵎⵎⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵓⵔ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵊⵊⵉ ⵓⵎⵏⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴰⵢ, ⵏⵖⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵏⵖⴷ ⵙ ⵓⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ; ']

['5. ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵡⴹ ⵏⵏⴽ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴳⵎⴰⴹⵏ ⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵟⵟⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴳⴰⵍⵜ, ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⴷⴰⵡⵏ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵖⵓⵔⴽ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵎⴷⵔⴼ ⵜⵉⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⵏ;']

['ⴷ (6) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⴰⴽⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⵖⴷ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵜⵔⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴰⴳⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ. ']

['ⵎⴽ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉⴷ ⴽⵓⵍⵍⵓ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ, ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⵖⵣⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴽⵍ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏⵏⴽ.']

['ⴰⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⴹ']

['ⵙⵇⵙⴰⵖ ⴷⵉⵖ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵙⵉ/ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ.']

How is colon cancer diagnosed?

Colon cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:

1. Physical examination: A doctor will perform a physical examination to check for any abnormalities or signs of illness.

2. Blood tests: Blood tests can help determine if there are any abnormalities in the blood that may indicate the presence of cancer.

3. Stool tests: A stool test can detect the presence of blood in the stool, which may be a sign of colon cancer.

4. Colonoscopy: This is a procedure in which a thin, flexible tube with a light and camera on the end is inserted into the rectum to examine the colon.

During a colonoscopy, the doctor can also take tissue samples (biopsies) to be examined for cancer cells.

5. Sigmoidoscopy: Similar to a colonoscopy, a sigmoidoscopy examines the lower part of the colon.

6. Virtual colonoscopy: This is a CT scan of the colon that creates a 3D image of the colon and rectum.

7. Fecal occult blood test: This test checks for the presence of blood in the stool, which may indicate the presence of cancer.

8. Double-contrast barium enema: This is an x-ray examination of the colon and rectum, in which a contrast material is used to highlight any abnormalities.

9. Biopsy: A biopsy is the removal of a small amount of tissue from the colon for examination under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.

10. Imaging tests: CT scans, MRI scans, and chest x-rays may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.

Once a diagnosis of colon cancer is made, the doctor will determine the stage of the cancer, which helps determine the best course of treatment.

Staging is based on the size and location of the tumor, as well as whether it has spread to other parts of the body.

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['ⵖⴼ']

['ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙ ⴱⵢⵓⵎⵉⴷⵍⴱ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵉⵡⵙ ⵉⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏⵏ (ⴰⵍⴳⵓⵔⵉⵜⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵍⵎⵎⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵙⵏ) ⵉ ⵓⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵏ ⵉⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵇⵙⵉⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵔⴰⵔⵓⵜⵉⵏ.']

['ⴷⴰ ⵏⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵙ 35 ⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵏⵉⵊⵊⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⴱⵎⵉⴷ/ⵎⵉⴷⵍⵉⵏ. ⴰⵡⴷ ⵜⵉⴼⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵉⴱ ⵏ ⵔⵉⴼⵉⵏⴷⵡⵉⴱ.']

['ⵥⵕ "ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵔ" ⴰⵡⴷ "ⴰⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍ".']