How is Heart attack diagnosed?

['ⵙⵎⴷ ⵜⴰⵖⴹⴼⵜ ⴰⴷ']

ⵎⴰⵎⴽ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵊⵊⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵖⵉ?

ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵜⴰⵢ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵏⴳⵣⵓ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴹⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ, ⴷ ⵓⵣⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⴰⴽⵎⴰⵎ, ⴷ ⵉⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵜⴰⵢ.

ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴼⵙⵉ ⵜⵉⵎⴳⴳⵓⵔⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵏⴳⵣⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ:

1. ⴰⵙⴰⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵍ: ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵙⵖⴰⵍ ⵓⵙⴰⵔⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵓⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵍ, ⵉⵖⵉⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴽⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵉⵏ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵡⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵍ.

2. ⵉⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ: ⵉⵖⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵏⵏ ⵉⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ ⴰⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴽⵏⵣⵉⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵔⵓⵜⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ ⵉⴳ ⵉⵊⵍⴰ ⵉⴳⵔⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵍ.

ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵓⴱⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴽⵔⵢⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴽⵉⵏⴰⵣ (CK-MB).

3. ⴰⵙⵎⵉⴽⵍ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ: ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⴽⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵊⵊⵉⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵡⵙ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵙⵓⵊⵊⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵣⴳⴰⵍ.

4. ⴰⵙⵏⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ: ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴳ ⵓⵙⵜⴰⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⴼ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵡⴼⴰⵢ ⴳ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴽⵏⵊⵕⵓⵎⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵓⵙⴳⵔⵡⵙ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ.

5. ⵇⵟ ⴷ ⵎⵔⵢ: ⵉⵖⵢ ⴰⴷ ⴼⴽⵏ ⵉⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵜⴰⵖⵣⵓⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵃⵔⵔⵉⵛⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉⵊⵉⵊⵊⵉⵜⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵅⵚⵚⴰ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵜⵉⴱⴷⴷⵉⵜ.

6. ⵉⵔⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ: ⵉⵔⵉⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵔⴰⵜⵎⵉⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵜⵉⴽⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵍ.

ⵉⵖⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵡⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ.

7. ⴰⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵅⴷⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ: ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴳ ⵓⵙⵜⴰⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴽⵛⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵅⴷⵉⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ ⴳ ⵡⵓⵍ ⵏⵖⴷ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⵔⵙⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⵙⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵓⵢⵏⵏⴰⵖ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵓⵣⵣⵔ ⵡⵓⵏⵓⵖ ⴳ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴷⴷⵉ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵓⵙⴳⵔⵡⵙ.

ⵉⵖⵢ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵜⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵡⵙ ⵉⵊⵉⵊⵊⵉⵜⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵏⴳⵣⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⵟⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴽⵍ.

['ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Narcisse MR, Rowland B, Long CR, Felix H, McElfish PA: Heart Attack and Stroke Symptoms Knowledge of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders in the United States: Findings From the National Health Interview Survey. Health Promot Pract. 2021, 22 (1): 122-131.

Atar D: [How to diagnose a heart attack in 2012?]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2012, 132 (3): 265-6.

Kriszbacher I, Bódis J, Boncz I, Koppan A, Koppan M: The time of sunrise and the number of hours with daylight may influence the diurnal rhythm of acute heart attack mortality. Int J Cardiol. 2010, 140 (1): 118-20.

New ultrafast MRI promises faster diagnosis of heart attack and stroke. J Cardiovasc Manag. , 10 (5): 17-9.

Duijts SFA, van der Beek AJ, Bleiker EMA, Smith L, Wardle J: Cancer and heart attack survivors' expectations of employment status: results from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. BMC Public Health. 2017, 17 (1): 640.

Kriszbacher I, Csoboth I, Boncz I, Bódis J: [The daily rhythm of heart attack morbidity and mortality may be influenced by the time of sunrise]. Orv Hetil. 2008, 149 (46): 2183-7.

['ⴰⵙⴱⴷⵉⴷ: ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵊⵊⵉ']

['ⴰⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵓⵔⵣⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵓⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵣⵓⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ.']

['ⵓⵔ ⵉⵅⵚⵚⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵉⵊⵉⵊⵊⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⴹⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵖⵏⵓ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵊⵊⵉ ⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⵏⵉⵊⵊⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵊⵊⴰⵏ.']

['ⵙⵙⴽⵜⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴱⵔⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵣⵟⵟⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴰⵔⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵉ ⵉⵙⵇⵙⵉⵜⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵜⴽⴽⵉ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ. ⵙ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ, ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵎⴰⴹⵓⵏⵜ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ.']

['ⴰⵀⴰ ⵣⵣⵔⵉⵢ ⵉ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⴽ ⵏⵖⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵉⵡⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵉⵖⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏⵏⴽ. ⵓⵔ ⴰⴽⴽⵡ ⵜⵃⵍⴰⵎ ⴰⵖ ⴰⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵣⵣⵔⵉⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⵔⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⵔⴷⴰ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⴽ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵉⵣⵉⵍⵏ, ⵙⴰⵡⵍⴰⵜ ⵙ 911 ⵏⵖⴷ ⴷⴷⵓ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵣⵉⴽⴽ. ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴳ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵖⴷ ⴰⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴱⵢⵓⵎⵉⴷⵍⴱ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏⵖⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⵔⴰⵡ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ, ⵙ ⵡⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵎⵔ, ⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ.']

['ⵉⵣⵍⵉ: ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ']

['ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵎⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (DMCA) ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙⵙⵉⵜⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⵜⵉⵔⵏⵉⵜ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⴳⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵎⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉ. ']

['ⵎⴽ ⵜⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵍⵜ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵙⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵖⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴷⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⵓⵏ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵙⵉ ⵏⵏⵓⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵕⵥⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵏⵏⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⵉⵖⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⴷ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏⵙⵔⵖⴷ (ⵏⵖⴷ ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ ⵏⵏⴽ) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵖⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵖⴷ ⴰⵙⴱⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵖⵔⵙⵏ. ']

['ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵢⵓⵔⴰⵢ ⵜⴱⵔⴰⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵜⴱⵔⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴽⵜⵕⵓⵏⵉⵜ (ⵥⵕ ⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴱⵔⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴽⵜⵕⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵏⵏⵉ "ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⴹⵏ").']

['ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴻⵖⵜⴰⵙ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵅⴼ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ: (1) ⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵏⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴰⵢ; (2) ⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵏⵓⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ ⵃⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵏⴰⴼ; (3) ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⴹ ⴰⴽⴷⴽ, ⴳ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵖⵉⵎ ⵏⵏⴽ ⴷ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵍⵢⵉⴱⵍ; (4) ⴰⵙⵉⵡⴹ ⵏⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⵎⵍ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⵣⵎⵎⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵓⵔ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵊⵊⵉ ⵓⵎⵏⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴰⵢ, ⵏⵖⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵏⵖⴷ ⵙ ⵓⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ; ']

['5. ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵡⴹ ⵏⵏⴽ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴳⵎⴰⴹⵏ ⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵟⵟⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴳⴰⵍⵜ, ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⴷⴰⵡⵏ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵖⵓⵔⴽ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵎⴷⵔⴼ ⵜⵉⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⵏ;']

['ⴷ (6) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⴰⴽⵎⴰⵎ ⵏⵖⴷ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵜⵔⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴰⴳⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ. ']

['ⵎⴽ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉⴷ ⴽⵓⵍⵍⵓ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ, ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⵖⵣⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴽⵍ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏⵏⴽ.']

['ⴰⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⴹ']

['ⵙⵇⵙⴰⵖ ⴷⵉⵖ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵙⵉ/ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ.']

How is heart attack diagnosed?

A heart attack is diagnosed through a combination of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests.

The most common diagnostic tests used to diagnose a heart attack include:

1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): This test measures the electrical activity of the heart and can detect abnormalities that may indicate a heart attack.

2. Blood tests: Blood tests can measure the levels of certain enzymes and proteins that are released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is damaged.

The most common blood tests used to diagnose a heart attack are troponin and creatine kinase (CK-MB) tests.

3. Echocardiogram: This test uses sound waves to create a moving image of the heart, which can help doctors assess the function of the heart and identify any areas of damage.

4. Coronary angiography: This test involves injecting a dye into the coronary arteries and taking X-ray images to identify any blockages or narrowing of the arteries.

5. Cardiac CT or MRI: These imaging tests can provide detailed images of the heart and its blood vessels, which can help doctors identify any damage or blockages.

6. Stress test: This test involves exercising on a treadmill or stationary bike while the heart is monitored to see how it responds to stress.

It can help identify any abnormalities in the heart's function.

7. Cardiac catheterization: This invasive test involves inserting a catheter into a blood vessel in the arm or leg and guiding it to the heart.

Dye is then injected into the coronary arteries to identify any blockages or narrowing.

A combination of these tests, along with the patient's symptoms and medical history, can help doctors diagnose a heart attack and determine the best course of treatment.

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['ⵖⴼ']

['ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙ ⴱⵢⵓⵎⵉⴷⵍⴱ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵉⵡⵙ ⵉⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏⵏ (ⴰⵍⴳⵓⵔⵉⵜⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵍⵎⵎⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵙⵏ) ⵉ ⵓⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵏ ⵉⴽⵔⵡⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵇⵙⵉⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵔⴰⵔⵓⵜⵉⵏ.']

['ⴷⴰ ⵏⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵙ 35 ⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵏⵉⵊⵊⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⴱⵎⵉⴷ/ⵎⵉⴷⵍⵉⵏ. ⴰⵡⴷ ⵜⵉⴼⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵉⴱ ⵏ ⵔⵉⴼⵉⵏⴷⵡⵉⴱ.']

['ⵥⵕ "ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵔ" ⴰⵡⴷ "ⴰⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍ".']