1. 年齡:前列腺癌的風險隨著年齡增長而增加,
非洲裔美國男性罹患前列腺癌的風險高於其他種族.
3. 病史:男性若有前列腺癌家族史,
某些遺傳性基因突變, 如BRCA1和BRCA2, 可能增加前列腺癌的風險.
食物:高含紅肉,低含水果及蔬菜的飲食可能增加前列腺癌的風險.
肥胖:超重或肥胖可能增加患前列腺癌的風險,
吸煙可能增加患前列腺癌的風險,
暴露於某些化學物質, 如殺蟲劑和除草劑,
患有性病史的男性, 如淋病或衣原體感染, 可能有罹患前列腺癌的風險.
10. 性行為:一些研究顯示, 性伴侶較多或性行為頻繁的男性,
11. 輸精管切除術: 輸精管切除術的男性可能會稍微增加罹患前列腺癌的風險.
糖尿病:男性糖尿病患者可能更容易患前列腺癌,
必須注意的是, 患有以上一個或多個危險因素並不一定意味著男性會罹患前列腺癌,
知道這些危險因素,
PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html
RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116
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Oderda M, Mondino P, Zitella A, Gontero P, Tizzani A: [Update on epidemiology and risk factors of prostate cancer]. Urologia. , 75 (3): 143-8.
Mazdak H, Mazdak M, Jamali L, Keshteli AH: Determination of prostate cancer risk factors in Isfahan, Iran: a case-control study. Med Arh. 2012, 66 (1): 45-8.
Brasso K: [Prostate cancer--incidence and risk factors]. Ugeskr Laeger. 2007, 169 (20): 1883-6.
Patel AR, Klein EA: Risk factors for prostate cancer. Nat Clin Pract Urol. 2009, 6 (2): 87-95.
Sawada N: Risk and preventive factors for prostate cancer in Japan: The Japan Public Health Center-based prospective (JPHC) study. J Epidemiol. 2017, 27 (1): 2-7.
Mordukhovich I, Reiter PL, Backes DM, Family L, McCullough LE, O'Brien KM, Razzaghi H, Olshan AF: A review of African American-white differences in risk factors for cancer: prostate cancer. Cancer Causes Control. 2011, 22 (3): 341-57.
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1. Age: The risk of prostate cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in men over the age of 65.
2. Race/Ethnicity: African American men have a higher risk of developing prostate cancer than men of other races.
3. Family History: Men with a family history of prostate cancer, particularly a father or brother with the disease, have a higher risk.
4. Genetics: Certain inherited genetic mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, may increase the risk of prostate cancer.
5. Diet: A diet high in red meat and low in fruits and vegetables may increase the risk of prostate cancer.
6. Obesity: Being overweight or obese may increase the risk of prostate cancer, particularly aggressive forms of the disease.
7. Smoking: Smoking may increase the risk of prostate cancer, particularly advanced or fatal forms of the disease.
8. Chemical Exposure: Exposure to certain chemicals, such as pesticides and herbicides, may increase the risk of prostate cancer.
9. Sexually Transmitted Infections: Men with a history of sexually transmitted infections, such as gonorrhea or chlamydia, may have an increased risk of prostate cancer.
10. Sexual Activity: Some studies suggest that men who have a higher number of sexual partners or engage in frequent sexual activity may have a slightly increased risk of prostate cancer.
11. Vasectomy: Men who have had a vasectomy may have a slightly increased risk of prostate cancer.
12. Diabetes: Men with diabetes may have a higher risk of prostate cancer, particularly aggressive forms of the disease.
It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not necessarily mean that a man will develop prostate cancer, and many men with prostate cancer have no known risk factors.
However, being aware of these risk factors can help men make informed decisions about screening and prevention.
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