Serangan jantung didiagnosis melalui kombinasi riwayat medis pasien, pemeriksaan fisik, ngon tes diagnostik.
Tes diagnostik yang paleng umum yang dipakek untuk mendiagnosis serangan jantung termasuk:
1. Elektrocardiogram (EKG): Tes nyoe geu uko aktivitas listrik jantung ngon jeut geu deteksi kelainan nyang jeut geu indikasi serangan jantung.
2. Tes darah: Tes darah jeut geu uko tingkat enzim dan protein terteunte nyang ji rilis lam aliran darah wate otot jantung rusak.
Tes darah nyang paleng umum ji pakek untuk ji diagnosa serangan jantung adalah tes troponin ngon creatine kinase (CK-MB).
3. Ekokardiogram: Tes nyoe geupakek gelombang su untuk geupeuget gamba jantung yang bergerak, yang jeut membantu dokter meunilai fungsi jantung dan geuidentifikasi area yang rusak.
4. Angiografi koronari: Tes nyoe melibatkan suntikan pewarna ke dalam arteri koronari dan pengambilan gambar sinar-X untuk mengidentifikasi penyumbatan atau penyempitan arteri.
5. CT atau MRI Jantung: Tes pencitraan nyo jeut ji berikan gambar rinci tentang jantung dan pembuluh darah jih, yang jeut ji bantu dokter geu identifikasi kerusakan atau penyumbatan.
6. Tes stres: Tes nyoe melibatkan latihan bak treadmill atau sepeda stasioner seumentara jantung dipantau untuk melihat bagaimana bereaksi terhadap stres.
Nyo jeut membantu geuidentifikasi na kelainan bak fungsi jantung.
7. Kateterisasi jantung: Tes invasif nyoe melibatkan peutameng kateter u dalam pembuluh darah di jaroe atau gaki dan membimbing jih ke jantung.
Pewarna lheuh nyan disuntik u dalam arteri koroner untuk geuidentifikasi penyumbatan atau penyempitan.
Kombinasi tes nyo, seureuta gejala pasien dan riwayat medis, jeut membantu dokter mendiagnosis serangan jantung dan menentukan pengobatan yang paleng get.
Narcisse MR, Rowland B, Long CR, Felix H, McElfish PA: Heart Attack and Stroke Symptoms Knowledge of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders in the United States: Findings From the National Health Interview Survey. Health Promot Pract. 2021, 22 (1): 122-131.
Atar D: [How to diagnose a heart attack in 2012?]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2012, 132 (3): 265-6.
Kriszbacher I, Bódis J, Boncz I, Koppan A, Koppan M: The time of sunrise and the number of hours with daylight may influence the diurnal rhythm of acute heart attack mortality. Int J Cardiol. 2010, 140 (1): 118-20.
New ultrafast MRI promises faster diagnosis of heart attack and stroke. J Cardiovasc Manag. , 10 (5): 17-9.
Duijts SFA, van der Beek AJ, Bleiker EMA, Smith L, Wardle J: Cancer and heart attack survivors' expectations of employment status: results from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. BMC Public Health. 2017, 17 (1): 640.
Kriszbacher I, Csoboth I, Boncz I, Bódis J: [The daily rhythm of heart attack morbidity and mortality may be influenced by the time of sunrise]. Orv Hetil. 2008, 149 (46): 2183-7.
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How is heart attack diagnosed?
A heart attack is diagnosed through a combination of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests.
The most common diagnostic tests used to diagnose a heart attack include:
1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): This test measures the electrical activity of the heart and can detect abnormalities that may indicate a heart attack.
2. Blood tests: Blood tests can measure the levels of certain enzymes and proteins that are released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is damaged.
The most common blood tests used to diagnose a heart attack are troponin and creatine kinase (CK-MB) tests.
3. Echocardiogram: This test uses sound waves to create a moving image of the heart, which can help doctors assess the function of the heart and identify any areas of damage.
4. Coronary angiography: This test involves injecting a dye into the coronary arteries and taking X-ray images to identify any blockages or narrowing of the arteries.
5. Cardiac CT or MRI: These imaging tests can provide detailed images of the heart and its blood vessels, which can help doctors identify any damage or blockages.
6. Stress test: This test involves exercising on a treadmill or stationary bike while the heart is monitored to see how it responds to stress.
It can help identify any abnormalities in the heart's function.
7. Cardiac catheterization: This invasive test involves inserting a catheter into a blood vessel in the arm or leg and guiding it to the heart.
Dye is then injected into the coronary arteries to identify any blockages or narrowing.
A combination of these tests, along with the patient's symptoms and medical history, can help doctors diagnose a heart attack and determine the best course of treatment.
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