Na padum-padum boh faktor resiko serangan jantung, termasok:
1. Umu: Risiko serangan jantung meutamah deungen seumaken tuha, terutama lheuh umu 45 thon keu agam dan 55 thon keu inong.
2. Tingkat kolesterol tinggi: Tingkat kolesterol LDL (jahat) yang tinggi dan kolesterol HDL (bagus) yang rendah jeut ji tingkatkan resiko serangan jantung.
3. Tekanan darah tinggi: Tekanan darah tinggi nyang hana ji kontrol jeut merusak arteri dan meningkatkan resiko serangan jantung.
4. Diabetes: Ureueng nyang keunong diabetes leubeh berisiko keunong serangan jantung kareuna kerusakan yang jeut ji peuget gula darah tinggi bak pembuluh darah.
5. Leubeh brat badan atawa leumoh: Leubeh brat badan jeut ji tingkatkan resiko serangan jantung karena ji berkontribusi bak faktor risiko laen lage tekanan darah tinggi ngon diabetes.
6. Hana olahraga: Kurang aktifitas fisik jeut berkontribusi bak perkembangan peunyaket jantung dan meningkatkan risiko serangan jantung.
7. Meurukok: Meurukok adalah faktor resiko utama untuk serangan jantung, kareuna merusak pembuluh darah dan meningkatkan resiko pembekuan darah.
8. Riwayat keluarga: Riwayat keluarga peunyaket jantung jeut ji tingkatkan resiko serangan jantung.
9. Atrial fibrillation: nyo adalah irama jantung hana teratur yang jeut meningkatkan resiko serangan jantung dan stroke.
10. Serangan jantung atau stroke nyang kalheuh: Ureung nyang kalheuh keunong serangan jantung atawa stroke leubeh berisiko keunong lom.
11. Stress: Stress kronis jeut berkontribusi bak perkembangan peunyaket jantung dan meningkatkan resiko serangan jantung.
12. Peunyaket autoimun: Peunyaket lage lupus dan rheumatoid arthritis jeut ji tingkatkan resiko peunyaket jantung bak ureung inong.
13. Masalah kesehatan nyang berhubungan deungen kehamilan: Inong nyang keunong diabetes gestasional atau hipertensi seulama kehamilan leubeh berisiko keunong peunyaket jantung seulanjut jih.
14. Tingkat estrogen yang rendah: Inong yang kaleuh menopause atau kaleuh histerektomi na tingkat estrogen yang leubeh rendah, yang jeut meningkatkan resiko jih keunong peunyaket jantung dibandingkan ngen inong yang golom.
Penting untuk taingat bahwa sementara padum-padum boh faktor resiko, lage umu dan riwayat keluarga, hana jeut geu ubah, le nyang laen jeut geu kelola melalui perubahan gaya udep ngon intervensi medis.
Pemeriksaan rutin, menjaga diet sehat, berolahraga secara teratur, berhenti merokok, dan mengelola kondisi kronis lage tekanan darah tinggi dan diabetes jeut membantu mengurangi resiko serangan jantung.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais: a street-intercept survey method. Int J Nurs Pract. 2010, 16 (5): 492-8.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Zawiah M, Elnaem MH, Mohamed Ibrahim MI: Awareness of the Risk Factors for Heart Attack Among the General Public in Pahang, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020, 13 (): 3089-3102.
Fussman C, Rafferty AP, Reeves MJ, Zackery S, Lyon-Callo S, Anderson B: Racial disparities in knowledge of stroke and heart attack risk factors and warning signs among Michigan adults. Ethn Dis. 2009, 19 (2): 128-34.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Fata Nahas AR: Development of questionnaire on awareness and action towards symptoms and risk factors of heart attack and stroke among a Malaysian population. BMC Public Health. 2019, 19 (1): 1300.
Hwang SY, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Korean immigrants' knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors. J Immigr Minor Health. 2008, 10 (1): 67-72.
Fukuoka Y, Oh YJ: Perceived Heart Attack Likelihood in Adults with a High Diabetes Risk. Heart Lung. , 52 (): 42-47.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais. West J Nurs Res. 2009, 31 (8): 1088-9.
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What are the risk factors for heart attack?
There are several risk factors for heart attack, including:
1. Age: The risk of heart attack increases with age, especially after the age of 45 for men and 55 for women.
2. High cholesterol levels: High levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol can increase the risk of heart attack.
3. High blood pressure: Uncontrolled high blood pressure can damage the arteries and increase the risk of heart attack.
4. Diabetes: People with diabetes are at a higher risk of heart attack due to the damage high blood sugar can cause to blood vessels.
5. Being overweight or obese: Excess weight can increase the risk of heart attack by contributing to other risk factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes.
6. Not exercising: Lack of physical activity can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
7. Smoking: Smoking is a major risk factor for heart attack, as it damages the blood vessels and increases the risk of blood clots.
8. Family history: A family history of heart disease can increase the risk of heart attack.
9. Atrial fibrillation: This is an irregular heart rhythm that can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.
10. Previous heart attack or stroke: People who have had a previous heart attack or stroke are at a higher risk of having another one.
11. Stress: Chronic stress can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
12. Autoimmune conditions: Conditions such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can increase the risk of heart disease in women.
13. Pregnancy-related health problems: Women who develop gestational diabetes or hypertension during pregnancy are at an increased risk of developing heart disease later in life.
14. Low estrogen levels: Women who have gone through menopause or had a hysterectomy have lower levels of estrogen, which can increase their risk of heart disease compared to women who have not.
It is important to note that while some risk factors, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, many others can be managed through lifestyle changes and medical interventions.
Regular check-ups, maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, and managing chronic conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes can help reduce the risk of heart attack.
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