Kansa ya mu mala yaishibikilwa ukupitila mu kupimwa no kucitwa ifintu fimo pamo nga:
1. Ukuceeceeta umubili: Dokota alaceeceeta umubili pa kuti amone nga pali ifilonda nelyo ifishibilo fya bulwele.
2. Ukupimwa umulopa: Ukupimwa umulopa kuti kwafwa ukwishiba nga ca kuti umulopa waleka ukubomba bwino, icingalanga ukuti mwalikwata kansa.
3. Ukuceeceeta ifya mu mala: Ukuceeceeta ifya mu mala kuti kwalanga nga ca kuti mu mala muli umulopa, kabili ici kuti calanga ukuti umuntu alikwata kansa ya mu mala.
4. Ukubomfya inshila ya kuceeceeta mu mala: Iyi nshila ya kuceeceeta mu mala ni nshila ya kuti pa kupima mu mala babikamo icilindi icitali kabili icishakosa icaba no lubuuto e lyo na kamera.
Ilyo badokota baleceeceeta mu mala, kuti bapoka ne fyaba mu mala pa kuti bamone nga muli kansa.
5. Sigmoidoscopy: Ukupalana no kuceeceeta mu mala, ukuceeceeta mu mala kuceeceeta mu mala.
6. Virtual colonoscopy: Uku kuceeceeta kwa CT kwa mu mala kulapanga icikope ca mu mala na mu mala mu nshila ya kuti umuntu alemona fye ifyo fintu.
7. Ukupimwa kwa mulopa wa mu fya kulya: Ukupimwa kulapima nga mu fya kulya mwaliba umulopa, uwingalanga ukuti umuntu alikwata kansa.
8. Barium enema: Uku kuceeceeta kwa kucinshika kwa mu mala no mu mulomo, umo babomfya umuti wa kucinshika pa kuti bamone ifilundwa fya mubili ifishili bwino.
9. Ukubuula ifilundwa fya mubili: Ukubuula ifilundwa fya mubili kufwaya ukusenda ifilundwa fimo ifya mubili mu mala no kufibomfya pa kuti bamone nga fyalikwata kansa.
10. Ukufwailisha kwa kupashanya: Ukubomfya CT scan, MRI scan, na chest x-ray kuti kwafwa ukwishiba nga ca kuti kansa yalisalangene mu filundwa fimbi ifya mubili.
Nga ca kuti basanga ukuti mwalikwata kansa ya ku mukoshi, badokota kuti bamupima no kwishiba ifyo ayakalile.
Pa kwishiba umusango wa kansa, babomfya ifyo ili ilikulu ne cifulo caliko, e lyo ne fyo yasalanganina ku filundwa fimbi ifya mubili.
Su Y, Tian X, Gao R, Guo W, Chen C, Chen C, Jia D, Li H, Lv X: Colon cancer diagnosis and staging classification based on machine learning and bioinformatics analysis. Comput Biol Med. 2022, 145 (): 105409.
Khan FA, Albalawi R, Pottoo FH: Trends in targeted delivery of nanomaterials in colon cancer diagnosis and treatment. Med Res Rev. 2022, 42 (1): 227-258.
Shi J, Fei J, Yi Q, Shen L, Wan B, Chen Y, Chang Q: Treatment of colon cancer in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report. BMC Cancer. 2018, 18 (1): 961.
Ren QG, Huang T, Yang SL, Hu JL: Colon cancer metastasis to the mandibular gingiva with partial occult squamous differentiation: A case report and literature review. Mol Clin Oncol. 2017, 6 (2): 189-192.
Feng HT, Zou S, Chen M, Xiong F, Lee MH, Fang L, Tang BZ: Tuning Push-Pull Electronic Effects of AIEgens to Boost the Theranostic Efficacy for Colon Cancer. J Am Chem Soc. 2020, 142 (26): 11442-11450.
Slattery ML, Kerber RA: The impact of family history of colon cancer on survival after diagnosis with colon cancer. Int J Epidemiol. 1995, 24 (5): 888-96.
Tada M: [Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer]. Rinsho Byori. 1990, 38 (4): 403-6.
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How is colon cancer diagnosed?
Colon cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Physical examination: A doctor will perform a physical examination to check for any abnormalities or signs of illness.
2. Blood tests: Blood tests can help determine if there are any abnormalities in the blood that may indicate the presence of cancer.
3. Stool tests: A stool test can detect the presence of blood in the stool, which may be a sign of colon cancer.
4. Colonoscopy: This is a procedure in which a thin, flexible tube with a light and camera on the end is inserted into the rectum to examine the colon.
During a colonoscopy, the doctor can also take tissue samples (biopsies) to be examined for cancer cells.
5. Sigmoidoscopy: Similar to a colonoscopy, a sigmoidoscopy examines the lower part of the colon.
6. Virtual colonoscopy: This is a CT scan of the colon that creates a 3D image of the colon and rectum.
7. Fecal occult blood test: This test checks for the presence of blood in the stool, which may indicate the presence of cancer.
8. Double-contrast barium enema: This is an x-ray examination of the colon and rectum, in which a contrast material is used to highlight any abnormalities.
9. Biopsy: A biopsy is the removal of a small amount of tissue from the colon for examination under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
10. Imaging tests: CT scans, MRI scans, and chest x-rays may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once a diagnosis of colon cancer is made, the doctor will determine the stage of the cancer, which helps determine the best course of treatment.
Staging is based on the size and location of the tumor, as well as whether it has spread to other parts of the body.
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