To treat a heart attack, it is important to act quickly and follow these steps:
1. Call for emergency medical help: If you or someone else is experiencing heart attack symptoms, call 9111 or your local emergency number immediately.
2. Chew and swallow an aspirin: Aspirin can help reduce blood clotting and prevent further blockage in the arteries.
Chew and swallow an adult-size (325 mg) aspirin tablet while waiting for emergency medical help to arrive.
3. Perform CPR if necessary: If the person experiencing the heart attack is unconscious and not breathing, start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to help maintain blood flow to the heart and brain.
4. Take nitroglycerin if prescribed: If the person has been prescribed nitroglycerin, help them take it as directed.
5. Rest and stay calm: Have the person experiencing the heart attack sit down and try to remain calm while waiting for emergency medical help to arrive.
6. Oxygen therapy: In the hospital, the person may receive oxygen therapy to increase the amount of oxygen in their blood.
7. Thrombolytics or clot busters: These medications can help dissolve blood clots and restore blood flow to the heart.
8. Antiplatelet medications: These medications can help prevent blood clots from forming and reduce the risk of further heart attacks.
9. Pain relievers: Medications such as morphine can help relieve chest pain.
10. Beta blockers: These medications can help reduce the heart's workload and lower blood pressure.
11. Angioplasty and stent placement: This procedure involves inserting a catheter into the blocked artery and inflating a small balloon to open the artery.
A stent may be placed to keep the artery open.
12. Bypass surgery: In some cases, surgery may be necessary to reroute blood flow around the blocked artery.
13. Cardiac rehabilitation: After a heart attack, the person may need to participate in a cardiac rehabilitation program to help them recover and prevent future heart attacks.
Remember, the sooner a heart attack is treated, the better the chances of recovery.
It is important to act quickly and seek emergency medical help as soon as possible.
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