Tað eru fleiri vandatættir fyri at fáa hjartasteðg, m.a.:
1. Aldur: Vandin fyri at fáa hjartasteðg økist við aldrinum, serliga eftir at menn eru fyltir 45 ár og kvinnur 55.
2. Høgt kolesteroltal: Høgt LDL-kolesterol (tað ringa) og lágt HDL-kolesterol (tað góða) kunnu økja um vandan fyri at fáa hjartasteðg.
3. Høgt blóðtrýst: Ókontrolerað høgt blóðtrýst kann skaða slagæðrarnar og økja um vandan fyri at fáa hjartatilburð.
4. Diabetes: Fólk við diabetes eru í størri vanda fyri at fáa hjartatilburð, tí at høgt blóðsukur kann skaða blóðæðrarnar.
5. At vera ov tjúkkur ella feitur: At vera ov tjúkkur kann økja um vandan fyri at fáa hjartatilburð við at økja um aðrar vandatættir, sum til dømis høgt blóðtrýst og sukursjúku.
6. At lata vera við at røra seg: Manglandi rørsla kann elva til hjartasjúku og økja um vandan fyri at fáa hjartasteðg.
7. Royking: Royking er ein stórur vandatáttur fyri at fáa hjartasteðg, tí hon ger skaða á blóðæðrarnar og økir um vandan fyri at blóðtøppar verða.
8. Familjusøga: At ein í familjuni hevur havt hjartasjúku kann økja um vandan fyri at fáa hjartasteðg.
9. Atriufibrillatión: Hetta er óregluligur hjartsláttur, sum kann økja um vandan fyri at fáa hjartasteðg og heilabløðing.
10. Hjarta- ella heilabløðing áður: Fólk, sum hava havt hjartasteðg ella heilabløðing áður, eru í størri vanda fyri at fáa ein afturat.
11. Stress: Langtíðarstress kann elva til hjartasjúku og økja um vandan fyri at fáa hjartasteðg.
12. Autoimmunar sjúkur: Sjúkur sum lupus og reumatisk artritis kunnu gera, at kvinnur eru í størri vanda fyri at fáa hjartasjúku.
13. Heilsutrupulleikar í sambandi við fosturtøku: Kvinnur, sum fáa fostursjúkudiabetes ella ov høgt blóðtrýst, eru í størri vanda fyri at fáa hjartasjúku seinni í lívinum.
14. Lágt østrogenvirði: Kvinnur, sum eru í skiftisárunum ella hava fingið lívmóðurhálskrabba, hava lægri østrogenvirði, og tað kann økja um vandan fyri hjartasjúkum í mun til kvinnur, sum ikki hava verið í skiftisárunum.
Tað er týdningarmikið at leggja til merkis, at hóast summir vandatættir, so sum aldur og familjusøga, ikki kunnu broytast, kunnu nógvir aðrir verða handfarnir við lívsstílsbroytingum og medisinskum viðgerðum.
At fáa regluligar kanningar, eta sunt, røra seg regluliga, gevast at roykja og taka hond um kroniskar sjúkur sum høgt blóðtrýst og diabetes kann minka um vandan fyri at fáa hjartasteðg.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais: a street-intercept survey method. Int J Nurs Pract. 2010, 16 (5): 492-8.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Zawiah M, Elnaem MH, Mohamed Ibrahim MI: Awareness of the Risk Factors for Heart Attack Among the General Public in Pahang, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020, 13 (): 3089-3102.
Fussman C, Rafferty AP, Reeves MJ, Zackery S, Lyon-Callo S, Anderson B: Racial disparities in knowledge of stroke and heart attack risk factors and warning signs among Michigan adults. Ethn Dis. 2009, 19 (2): 128-34.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Fata Nahas AR: Development of questionnaire on awareness and action towards symptoms and risk factors of heart attack and stroke among a Malaysian population. BMC Public Health. 2019, 19 (1): 1300.
Hwang SY, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Korean immigrants' knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors. J Immigr Minor Health. 2008, 10 (1): 67-72.
Fukuoka Y, Oh YJ: Perceived Heart Attack Likelihood in Adults with a High Diabetes Risk. Heart Lung. , 52 (): 42-47.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais. West J Nurs Res. 2009, 31 (8): 1088-9.
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['og 6) fysiska ella elektroniska undirskrift hjá rættindahavara ella persóni, sum hevur loyvi at virka fyri rættindahavara.']
['Um tú ikki hevur upplýst allar omanfyri nevndu upplýsingar, kann tað hava við sær, at viðgerðin av klaguni verður seinkað.']
['Set teg í samband við']
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What are the risk factors for heart attack?
There are several risk factors for heart attack, including:
1. Age: The risk of heart attack increases with age, especially after the age of 45 for men and 55 for women.
2. High cholesterol levels: High levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol can increase the risk of heart attack.
3. High blood pressure: Uncontrolled high blood pressure can damage the arteries and increase the risk of heart attack.
4. Diabetes: People with diabetes are at a higher risk of heart attack due to the damage high blood sugar can cause to blood vessels.
5. Being overweight or obese: Excess weight can increase the risk of heart attack by contributing to other risk factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes.
6. Not exercising: Lack of physical activity can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
7. Smoking: Smoking is a major risk factor for heart attack, as it damages the blood vessels and increases the risk of blood clots.
8. Family history: A family history of heart disease can increase the risk of heart attack.
9. Atrial fibrillation: This is an irregular heart rhythm that can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.
10. Previous heart attack or stroke: People who have had a previous heart attack or stroke are at a higher risk of having another one.
11. Stress: Chronic stress can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
12. Autoimmune conditions: Conditions such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can increase the risk of heart disease in women.
13. Pregnancy-related health problems: Women who develop gestational diabetes or hypertension during pregnancy are at an increased risk of developing heart disease later in life.
14. Low estrogen levels: Women who have gone through menopause or had a hysterectomy have lower levels of estrogen, which can increase their risk of heart disease compared to women who have not.
It is important to note that while some risk factors, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, many others can be managed through lifestyle changes and medical interventions.
Regular check-ups, maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, and managing chronic conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes can help reduce the risk of heart attack.
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