Patofysiologiin í bróstkrabba vísir til óvanligar broytingar í teimum vanligu fysiologisku prosessunum og mekanismunum, sum koma fyri í menningini og framgongdini av bróstkrabba.
Tað snýr seg um at kanna tær biologisku og molekyleru mekanismurnar, sum eru orsøkin til, at krabbameinsfrumur vaksa og spreiða seg ótarnaðar í bróstvevnaði.
Hetta fevnir um genetiskar, epigenetiskar og umhvørvisligar faktorar, sum eru við til at seta brjóstkrabba í gongd, fremja og menna sjúkuna.
Nakrar av høvuðspatofysiologisku broytingunum í bróstkrabba eru:
1. Genetiskar broytingar: Broytingar í ávísum genum, sum til dømis BRCA1 og BRCA2, kunnu økja um vandan fyri at fáa bróstkrabba.
Hesar broytingar kunnu arva ella fáa stað í lívinum.
2. Hormonal ójavni: Hormonir, serliga østrogen, kunnu hava ein leiklut í, at bróstkrabbi tekur seg upp og veksur.
Ójavnvág í hormoninnihaldinum ella ov nógv østrogen kunnu økja um vandan fyri at fáa bróstkrabba.
3. Bólga: Krónisk bólga í bróstvevnaðinum kann vera við til at elva til bróstkrabba, tí hon stuðlar vøkstri og yvirlivilsi hjá krabbameinsfrumum.
4. Tumormikroumhvørvið: Umhvørvið rundan um tumorin, harímillum ekstrasellulera matrix, immunceller og blóðæðrar, kann ávirka vøksturin og útbreiðsluna av bróstkrabba.
5. Metastasur: Bróstkrabbi kann breiða seg til onnur likamspartar gjøgnum lymfakervið ella gjøgnum blóðrásina, og tað kann føra til, at onnur æxli verða í øðrum limum.
At skilja patofysiologiina hjá bróstkrabba er avgerandi fyri at menna effektivar fyribyrgjandi, tíðliga staðfestandi og viðgerðarstrategiir.
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Rauch GM, Adrada BE: Comparison of Breast MR Imaging with Molecular Breast Imaging in Breast Cancer Screening, Diagnosis, Staging, and Treatment Response Evaluation. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2018, 26 (2): 273-280.
Wei H, Wang H, Ji Q, Sun J, Tao L, Zhou X: NRBP1 is downregulated in breast cancer and NRBP1 overexpression inhibits cancer cell proliferation through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Onco Targets Ther. 2015, 8 (): 3721-30.
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['5) eina váttan frá tær, undirskrivað undir revsing fyri lygi, um, at upplýsingarnar í fráboðanini eru rættar, og at tú hevur heimild at gera galdandi upphavsrættin, sum verður hildin at vera brotin,']
['og 6) fysiska ella elektroniska undirskrift hjá rættindahavara ella persóni, sum hevur loyvi at virka fyri rættindahavara.']
['Um tú ikki hevur upplýst allar omanfyri nevndu upplýsingar, kann tað hava við sær, at viðgerðin av klaguni verður seinkað.']
['Set teg í samband við']
['Vinarliga send okkum ein teldupost við einum hvørjum spurningi/uppskoti.']
What is pathophysiology of breast cancer?
Pathophysiology of breast cancer refers to the abnormal changes in the normal physiological processes and mechanisms that occur in the development and progression of breast cancer.
It involves the study of the underlying biological and molecular mechanisms that lead to the uncontrolled growth and spread of cancer cells in the breast tissue.
This includes the genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that contribute to the initiation, promotion, and progression of breast cancer.
Some of the key pathophysiological changes in breast cancer include:
1. Genetic mutations: Mutations in certain genes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, can increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
These mutations can be inherited or acquired during a person's lifetime.
2. Hormonal imbalances: Hormones, particularly estrogen, can play a role in the development and growth of breast cancer.
An imbalance in hormone levels or exposure to excess estrogen can increase the risk of breast cancer.
3. Inflammation: Chronic inflammation in the breast tissue can contribute to the development of breast cancer by promoting the growth and survival of cancer cells.
4. Tumor microenvironment: The environment surrounding the tumor, including the extracellular matrix, immune cells, and blood vessels, can influence the growth and spread of breast cancer.
5. Metastasis: Breast cancer can spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or bloodstream, leading to the formation of secondary tumors in distant organs.
Understanding the pathophysiology of breast cancer is crucial for developing effective prevention, early detection, and treatment strategies.
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