E dau dikevi na kenisa ni yatevuso ena vica na sala, e okati kina:
1. iTukutuku makawa ni tauvimate kei na vakadidike: Ena taroga na vuniwai na ivakatakilakila ni tauvimate, na vakatavako, kei na itukutuku ni kena tauvi kenisa ni yatevuso e dua na wekamu.
Ena dikevi koya tale ga me laurai kina na ivakatakilakila ni mate.
2. Na vakadidike ni mona: E dau vakayagataki vakalevu na X-ray ni serena kei na CT scan me laurai kina na veika matailalai ni yatevuso kei na veika e tu wavolita.
Na vakadidike oqo e rawa ni laurai kina na ka e sega ni dau yaco ena yago, me vaka na vuce ni yatevuso se na vuce ni yago e rawa ni dusia ni tiko na kenisa ni yatevuso.
3. Na vakadidike ni cegu: Ena dikevi ena iloilo ni vakalevutaki ka na levu ni cegu (mucus coughed up from the lungs) me laurai kina na sela ni kenisa.
4. Biopsy: E dau kau laivi e dua na tikiniyago ni yatevuso qai dikevi ena iloilo ni vakalevutaki ka me laurai kina ke tiko na sela ni kenisa.
E rawa ni caka oqo ena bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, se na surgical biopsy.
5. Bronchoscopy: E dau vakacurumi e ucuna se gusuna e dua na paipo lailai e tiko kina na itaba me vakadikeva na sala ni cagi kei na yatevuso.
E rawa ni vakayagataki tale ga na iwalewale oqo me kumuni kina na lewe ni manumanu me lai dikevi.
6. Na Fine-needle aspiration (FNA): E dau cula e dua na icula mamare ena yatevuso me rawa ni vakadikevi kina e so na sela.
7. Thoracentesis: E dau vakayagataki na icula me kau laivi kina na wai mai na maliwa ni yatevuso kei na lalaga ni serena, qai vakadikevi me laurai kina na sela ni kenisa.
8. Na vakadikevi ni dra: E dina ni na sega ni kilai na kenisa ni yatevuso ena vakadikevi ni dra, ia e rawa ni kilai kina na bula ni tauvimate kei na veika e rawa ni vakaraitaka ni tauvi kenisa.
9. Bone scan, MRI, PET scan, kei na so tale na vakadidike: Na vakadidike oqo e rawa ni vakayagataki me kilai kina ke sa tete na kenisa ina so tale na tikiniyago.
Ni sa kilai ni tauvi kenisa ni yatevuso, ena rairai caka eso tale na vakadidike me kilai kina na kena ivakatagedegede, me rawa ni dusimaki kina na veiqaravi me caka.
E rawa ni okati ena vakadidike oqo na kena caka e so tale na ka me laurai kina na ka e tiko ena mona, me vaka na CT scan ni mona, bone scan, se positron emission tomography (PET) scan.
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Ni J, Guo Z, Zhang L: [The diagnostic significance of single or combination lung cancer-related serum biomarkers in high risk lung cancer patients]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2016, 55 (1): 25-30.
Nishiyama N, Nakatani S, Iwasa R, Taguchi S, Inoue K, Kinoshita H: [Differential diagnosis between peripheral lung cancer invading the chest wall and chest-wall tumors]. Kyobu Geka. 1997, 50 (10): 893-7.
Kang C, Wang D, Zhang X, Wang L, Wang F, Chen J: Construction and Validation of a Lung Cancer Diagnostic Model Based on 6-Gene Methylation Frequency in Blood, Clinical Features, and Serum Tumor Markers. Comput Math Methods Med. 2021, 2021 (): 9987067.
Heydari F, Rafsanjani MK: A Review on Lung Cancer Diagnosis Using Data Mining Algorithms. Curr Med Imaging. 2021, 17 (1): 16-26.
Li L, Feng T, Zhang W, Gao S, Wang R, Lv W, Zhu T, Yu H, Qian B: MicroRNA Biomarker hsa-miR-195-5p for Detecting the Risk of Lung Cancer. Int J Genomics. 2020, 2020 (): 7415909.
Li B, Yuan Q, Zou YT, Su T, Lin Q, Zhang YQ, Shi WQ, Liang RB, Ge QM, Li QY, Shao Y: CA-125, CA-153, and CYFRA21-1 as clinical indicators in male lung cancer with ocular metastasis. J Cancer. 2020, 11 (10): 2730-2736.
Magee ND, Villaumie JS, Marple ET, Ennis M, Elborn JS, McGarvey JJ: Ex vivo diagnosis of lung cancer using a Raman miniprobe. J Phys Chem B. 2009, 113 (23): 8137-41.
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['Ke o vakabauta ni dua na ka e tabaki ena neimami website se na neimami veiqaravi e beci kina na nomu dodonu ni kena maroroi na itukutuku, o iko (se nomu mata) e rawa ni o vakauta mai e dua na notisi mo kerea me kau laivi se me tarovi na kena vakayagataki. ']
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['Na DMCA e gadrevi kina na nomu itukutuku ni kena beitaki ni beci na dodonu ni lavelavetaki e oka kina na itukutuku oqo: (1) ivakamacala ni cakacaka ni taqomaki ni dodonu ni lavelavetaki e tukuni ni sa beci; (2) ivakamacala ni lewena e beitaki ni beci kei na itukutuku e veirauti me rawa kina ni da kunea na lewena; (3) itukutuku ni veitaratara me baleti iko, oka kina na nomu itikotiko, naba ni talevoni kei na itikotiko ni imeli; (4) e dua na itukutuku mai vei iko ni o vakabauta ena vakabauta vinaka ni lewena ena kena ivakarau e kudruvaka e sega ni vakadonui mai vua na itaukei ni dodonu ni lavelavetaki, se na kena mata, se ena cakacaka ni dua na lawa; ']
['(5) e dua na nomu ivakamacala, e sainitaki ena itotogi ni bubului lasu, ni dina na itukutuku e volai ena notisi, ni tu tale ga vei iko na dodonu mo valataka na dodonu ni kena taqomaki na ka e volai; ']
['E sega ni dodonu me dua na ka e caka ena kena vakayagataki na Internet.']
['Ke o sega ni vola na itukutuku kece qori, ena rawa ni berabera na kena qaravi na nomu kudru.']
['Veitaratara']
['Yalovinaka vakauta mai na imeli ena dua na taro se vakatutu.']
How is lung cancer diagnosed?
Lung cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Medical history and physical examination: The doctor will ask about your symptoms, smoking history, and family history of lung cancer.
They will also perform a physical examination to check for any signs of the disease.
2. Imaging tests: Chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans are commonly used to create detailed images of the lungs and surrounding structures.
These tests can help detect abnormalities, such as tumors or nodules, that may indicate the presence of lung cancer.
3. Sputum cytology: A sample of your sputum (mucus coughed up from the lungs) is examined under a microscope to look for cancer cells.
4. Biopsy: A sample of lung tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
This can be done through a bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, or surgical biopsy.
5. Bronchoscopy: A thin, lighted tube with a camera is inserted through the nose or mouth and down the throat to examine the airways and lungs.
This procedure can also be used to collect tissue samples for biopsy.
6. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA): A thin needle is inserted into the lung nodule or mass to collect a sample of cells for examination.
7. Thoracentesis: Fluid is removed from the space between the lungs and chest wall using a needle, and the fluid is then examined for cancer cells.
8. Blood tests: While blood tests alone cannot diagnose lung cancer, they can help determine the overall health of the patient and identify any abnormalities that may indicate the presence of cancer.
9. Bone scan, mri, pet scan, and other tests: These tests may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once lung cancer is diagnosed, additional tests may be performed to determine the stage of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.
These tests may include more imaging tests, such as a CT scan of the brain, bone scan, or positron emission tomography (PET) scan.
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Please note the neural net that generates answers to the questions, is specially inaccurate when it comes to numeric content. For example, the number of people diagnosed with a specific disease.
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