How is Breast cancer diagnosed?

Nɛ̌ è ka nɔ tuùn ɖɔ mɛɖé ɖó kansɛ́ɛ́ɛ gbɔn?

È nɔ ba dò nú kansɛ́ɛ́ɛ́sɛ́n gbɔn nǔwiwa kpo nǔwiwa ɖevo lɛ kpo gblamɛ, bɔ nǔ enɛ lɛ sixu byɔ:

1. Nukúnkpénúmɛ dó lanmɛ na nɔ ganji wu: Dotóo ɖé na gbéjé kpɔ́n ɖɔ é ɖó xúxú ɖé lɛ, huzuhuzu ɖé lɛ ɖò susu alǒ ɖò alɔkpa tɔn mɛ, alǒ nǔ ɖevo lɛ ɖò lanmɛ na nɔ ganji wu à jí.

2. mammogram: È nɔ fɔtóo vǐkpo ɔ tɔn dó x-wuntun jí bo nɔ mɔ nǔ ɖěɖee ma sɔgbe ǎ lɛ é cóbɔ è na tlɛ sixu mɔ ǎ.

3. Ultrasound: Tɛnkpɔn ɖé wɛ bɔ è nɔ zán jɔhɔn dó ɖè nǔwukpikpé e ɖò vǐkpo ɔ mɛ é xlɛ́, bɔ enɛ sixu d'alɔ bɔ è na tuùn ɖɔ nǔwukpikpé ɖé ɖò vǐkpo ɔ mɛ bo syɛn à jí alǒ sìn wɛ gɔ́.

4. MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nɔ zán jɔhɔn nɔ dɔn nǔ dó nǔ mɛ é ɖé kpo jɔhɔn e nɔ gbɔn jɔhɔn e ɖò nǔ ɖɔ wɛ é ɖé mɛ é kpo dó ɖè nǔ e ɖò vǐkpo ɔ mɛ lɛ é bǐ.

5. È nɔ ɖè nǔ e ɖò vǐkpo ɔ mɛ lɛ é sín nùɖé lɛ ɖó vo bo nɔ kpɔ́n ye dó nǔ e è nɔ ylɔ ɖɔ microscope é glɔ́ bo nɔ kpɔ́n ɖɔ kansɛ́ɛ sín wuntun lɛ tíìn à jí.

6. È nɔ gbéjé hun mɛ kpɔ́n: È sixu gbéjé hun mɛ kpɔ́n, ɖi è nɔ gbéjé hun mɛtɔn kpɔ́n bǐ alǒ è nɔ gbéjé nǔ ɖěɖee nɔ xlɛ́ ɖɔ azinzɔnnɔ ɔ ɖò azɔn baɖabaɖa ɖé jɛ wɛ lɛ é kpɔ́n, bo na dó tuùn azinzɔnnɔ ɔ sín xwè nabi mɛ é ɖè alǒ bo na dó kpɔ́n lee è nɔ wà nǔ xá ɛ gbɔn é.

7. Mɛbakpɔ́n e è nɔ bló dó nǔwukpikpé nùɖé lɛ tɔn wu é: Enyi è ko mɔ kansɛ́ɛ́ɛ ɖò anɔ̌nu mɛ ɖò xwédo ɖé mɛ ɖ'ayǐ ɔ, è sixu bló mɛbakpɔ́n ɖé dó nǔwukpikpé nùɖé lɛ tɔn wu bo na kpɔ́n ɖɔ è ɖó jijɔ ɖé ɖò nùɖé lɛ mɛ bo nɔ zɔ́n bɔ è nɔ ɖó kansɛ́ɛ́ɛ ɖò anɔ̌nu à jí.

8. Tuto e è nɔ ylɔ ɖɔ bone scan, CT scan, alǒ PET scan é: È sixu bló tuto enɛ lɛ bo na kpɔ́n ɖɔ azɔnkwín ɔ gbakpé agbaza ɔ sín akpáxwé ɖevo lɛ jí à jí.

Enyi è ko mɔ ɖɔ è ɖó kansɛ́ɛ́ɛ́zɔn ɔ, è sixu lɛ́ bló nǔ ɖevo lɛ bo kpɔ́n bɔ è na tuùn azin e mɛ é ɖè é kpo alɔkpa e mɛ é ɖè é kpo, bɔ enɛ na d'alɔ mɛ bɔ è na wá gbeta e kɔn è na wá dó azɔn ɔ wu é kɔn.

['Nǔ ɖevo lɛ']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Zahoor S, Lali IU, Khan MA, Javed K, Mehmood W: Breast Cancer Detection and Classification using Traditional Computer Vision Techniques: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Med Imaging. 2020, 16 (10): 1187-1200.

Dewar MA, Love N: Legal issues in managing breast disease. Postgrad Med. 1992, 92 (5): 137-40, 143-4, 149-51 passim.

Donepudi MS, Kondapalli K, Amos SJ, Venkanteshan P: Breast cancer statistics and markers. J Cancer Res Ther. , 10 (3): 506-11.

Sazuka T, Miyazawa Y, Tochigi T, Hirano A, Mori M, Kosugi C, Shuto K, Kasahara K, Hiroshima Y, Matsuo K, Tanaka K, Yamazaki K, Koda K, Matsubara H: [A Case of Rectal Metastasis from Breast Cancer Diagnosed Two Years after Surgery]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2017, 44 (12): 1254-1256.

Yan J, Liu Z, Du S, Li J, Ma L, Li L: Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer in the Precision Medicine Era. Methods Mol Biol. 2020, 2204 (): 53-61.

Cong J, Wei B, He Y, Yin Y, Zheng Y: A Selective Ensemble Classification Method Combining Mammography Images with Ultrasound Images for Breast Cancer Diagnosis. Comput Math Methods Med. 2017, 2017 (): 4896386.

Cui R, Wang C, Zhao Q, Wang Y, Li Y: Serum Carboxypeptidase N1 Serves as a Potential Biomarker Complementing CA15-3 for Breast Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2020, 20 (17): 2053-2065.

['Nǔgbɛnúmɛ: dotóoxwé sín']

['Nǔkplɔnkplɔn kpo nǔsisɔ kpo sín azɔ̌ kɛɖɛ wɛ è nɔ wà dó tɛn ɛntɛnɛti tɔn elɔ jí, bo nɔ na wěɖexámɛ dotóoxwé tɔn alǒ azɔ̌ ɖevo lɛ mɛ ǎ.']

['È ɖó na zán nǔ e è kplɔ́n mɛ lɛ é dó ba azɔn ɖé alǒ azɔn ɖé sín wuntun alǒ dó gbɔ na ǎ, bɔ mɛ ɖěɖee jló na ba wěɖexámɛ dotóo tɔn lɛ é ɖó na yì mɔ dotóo e ɖó acɛ bo nɔ wà azɔ̌ ɖò dotóoxwé é ɖé.']

['Mi ni flín ɖɔ nǔ e è nɔ ylɔ ɖɔ "neural net" bo nɔ na xósin nú nǔkanbyɔ lɛ é ɔ, nǔ e nɔ nyí nǔjɛdo tawun é wɛ nyí nǔ ɖěɖee è nɔ ylɔ ɖɔ "numeric content" lɛ é. Ði kpɔ́ndéwú ɔ, mɛ nabi è mɔ azɔn ɖé na é.']

['Nɔ ba wěɖexámɛ dotóo towe tɔn alǒ dotóo ɖevo e ɖó nǔwukpikpé é tɔn dó azɔn ɖé wu hwebǐnu. Ma wɔn wěɖexámɛ dotóo tɔn lɛ gbeɖé ó, alǒ ma lin tamɛ kpɔ́n dó nǔ e a xà ɖò tɛn ɛntɛnɛti tɔn elɔ jí lɛ é wu ó. Enyi a lin ɖɔ azɔn baɖabaɖa ɖé ɖò xwi ɖí xá we wɛ hǔn, ylɔ 911 alǒ yì dotóoxwé e sɛkpɔ we hugǎn é tlolo. Tɛn ɛntɛnɛti tɔn elɔ alǒ nǔ e a nɔ zán lɛ é nɔ zɔ́n bɔ kancica dotóo-azinzɔnnɔ ɖé tɔn nɔ tíìn ǎ. BioMedLib, azɔ̌watɔ́ tɔn lɛ, alǒ mɛ ɖevo ɖebǔ e nɔ wlan nǔ dó tɛn ɛntɛnɛti tɔn elɔ jí lɛ é nɔ ɖè kúnnuɖenú ɖebǔ xlɛ́, bo tlɛ nɔ ɖɔ lɔ ǎ, dó nǔ e è ɖɔ ɖò fí lɛ é alǒ nǔ e è nɔ zán lɛ é wu.']

['Nǔɖògbɛ́jlatɔ́ lɛ']

['Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the DMCA) nɔ na acɛ mɛ e ɖó nǔɖokan yetɔn lɛ é bɔ ye na dó ba nǔɖe bo dó sixu mɔ nǔ e ye ɖó lɛ é ɖò Internet jí.']

["Enyi a ɖi nǔ ɖɔ nǔ ɖĕbǔ ɖò tɛn ɛntɛnɛti tɔn mǐtɔn jí alǒ azɔ̌wiwa mǐtɔn lɛ jí bo hɛn nǔ dó así nú mɛ ɔ, é xò nǔ dó acɛ nǔɖògbɛ́ towe lɛ wu ɔ, hwi (alǒ mɛ e nɔ kpé nukún dó wǔ towe é) sixu sɛ́ wɛn dó mǐ, bo byɔ ɖɔ mǐ ni ɖè nǔ ɖ'emɛ lɛ sín tɛn ɔ jí, alǒ ɖɔ mǐ ni sú ali dó mɛ."]

["È ɖó ná sɛ́ mɛ dó gbɔn email jí (e-mail è nɔ dó ɔ́' kpɔ́n 'Kɔntaktɔ́' ɔ́)."]

['DMCA byɔ ɖɔ ɖɔ nǔ elɔ lɛ ni nɔ akpáxwé nǔ e a ɖɔ é gbà acɛ dó nǔ é tɔn jí é: (1) xó dó azɔ̌ e ɖó acɛ dó nǔ é jí; (2) xó dó nǔ e ɖó acɛ dó nǔ é jí, kpo nǔ ɖevo e na zɔ́n bɔ mǐ na mɔ nǔ ɔ lɛ é kpo; (3) xó dó hwiɖée wu, ɖi adlɛsi towe, alokan towe kpo email towe kpo; (4) xó ɖɔ dó nǔ e wu a ɖi nǔ ɖɔ nǔ e ɖó acɛ dó nǔ e jí a ɖɔ é jí é kún nyí nǔ e ɖó acɛ dó nǔ é jí tɔn ɔ, alǒ mɛ e nɔ kpé nukún dó nǔ é tɔn wu é sín acɛ ó; ']

["(5) Ðɛ́ mɛ̀ è mi sɔ́ alɔ dó ɖ'así ná ɖò hwɛɖɔxɔsá ɔ́' è ɖó ná ɖó hwɛ̀ ɖɔ̀ xó è mi ɖɔ ɖò mɛ̀ è mi dó wèmá ɔ́ mɛ̀ ɔ́' sɔgbe bɔ̀ mi ɖó acɛ̀ bó ná dó ba ɖɔ è ní sú nǔ è è dó wèmá ɔ́ wú lɛ́ɛ sín axɔ́."]

['bɔ (6) alɔ wlanwlan mɛ e ɖó acɛ dó nǔ é tɔn alǒ mɛ e ɖó acɛ bo na wà nǔ dó wutu tɔn é tɔn. ']

['Nú a ma gɔ́ nǔ e ɖò jí lɛ é bǐ ǎ ɔ, é sixu zɔ́n bɔ è na lín có bo na dóhwɛ we.']

['Wǎ kpé mì']

['Mi kɛnklɛn bo sɛ́ nǔkanbyɔ mitɔn lɛ dó mǐ gbɔn e-mail jí.']

How is breast cancer diagnosed?

Breast cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:

1. Clinical breast exam: A healthcare professional will examine the breasts for any lumps, changes in size or shape, or other abnormalities.

2. Mammogram: An x-ray of the breast that can detect abnormalities even before they can be felt.

3. Ultrasound: A test that uses sound waves to create an image of the breast tissue, which can help determine if a lump is solid or filled with fluid.

4. MRI: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the breast tissue.

5. Biopsy: A small sample of breast tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.

6. Blood tests: Certain blood tests, such as a complete blood count or tumor markers, may be done to help determine the stage of the cancer or to monitor treatment.

7. Genetic testing: If there is a family history of breast cancer, genetic testing may be done to determine if there is an inherited gene mutation that increases the risk of developing breast cancer.

8. Bone scan, CT scan, or PET scan: These imaging tests may be done to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.

Once a diagnosis of breast cancer is made, further tests may be done to determine the stage and grade of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.

Disclaimer: medical

This web site is provided for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute providing medical advice or professional services.

The information provided should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease, and those seeking personal medical advice should consult with a licensed physician.

Please note the neural net that generates answers to the questions, is specially inaccurate when it comes to numeric content. For example, the number of people diagnosed with a specific disease.

Always seek the advice of your doctor or other qualified health provider regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room immediately. No physician-patient relationship is created by this web site or its use. Neither BioMedLib nor its employees, nor any contributor to this web site, makes any representations, express or implied, with respect to the information provided herein or to its use.

Disclaimer: copyright

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