What causes Breast cancer?

Etɛ ka nɔ zɔ́n bɔ è nɔ ɖó kansɛ́ɛ́ɛ́?

Nǔ ɖokpo géé wɛ nɔ zɔ́n bɔ è nɔ mɔ kansɛ́ɛ́ɛ ǎ, amɔ̌, nǔ gègě wɛ sixu zɔ́n bɔ awovinú è nɔ mɔ é na syɛn.

Nǔ enɛ lɛ ɖé lɛ ɖíe:

1. Xwe: Ee nyɔnu ɖé ɖò xwè sɛ yi wɛ é ɔ, awovinú e ɖò sí é nɔ lɛ́ jɛji.

2. Xwédo mɛtɔn: Enyi nyɔnu ɖé ɖó hɛnnumɔ tɔn sɛkpɔ́ (nɔ tɔn, nɔví tɔn nyɔnu, alǒ vǐ nyɔnu tɔn) e ko ɖó kansɛ́ɛ́ɛ́n kpɔ́n ɔ, é sixu nyí awovinú tawun bɔ é na ɖó kansɛ́ɛ́n kpɔ́n.

3. Nǔɖògbɛ e nɔ ɖyɔ nǔ ɖò nùɖé lɛ mɛ é: Nǔɖògbɛ e nɔ ɖyɔ nǔ ɖò nùɖé lɛ mɛ bɔ è nɔ ɖu gǔ tɔn, ɖi BRCA1 kpo BRCA2 kpo ɔ, nɔ zɔ́n bɔ è nɔ ɖó awovinú nú kansɛ́ɛzɔn anɔ̌nu tɔn.

4. Nǔ e mɛ e ɖó vǐ lɛ é ko wà ɖ'ayǐ lɛ é: Hwenu e è nɔ yawu jɛ sun wá jí é, hwenu e è nɔ yawu gbɔjɛzɔn mɛ é, vǐmaji alǒ vǐ nukɔntɔn e è jì ɖò xwè 30 gudo é sixu zɔ́n bɔ è nɔ ɖó kansɛ́ɛ́ɛ ɖò anɔ̌nu.

5. Azɔn e nɔ dó afɔkanmɛ lanmɛ nú mɛ lɛ é: Asú ɖěɖee nɔ dó afɔkanmɛ lanmɛ nú mɛ lɛ é nɔ ɖó awovinú hugǎn bo nɔ jɛ kansɛ́ɛ́ɛ mɛ.

6. ahan nunu: Alɔkpa nuɖu nɔ zɔ́n bɔ è nɔ ɖó kansɛ́ɛ́ɛ ɖò anɔ̌nu.

7. Jízɛ̀: Mɛ e cí mɛjɔmɛ ɖɔhun é nɔ zɔ́n bɔ è nɔ ɖó kansɛ́ɛ́ɛ ɖò anɔ̌nu.

8. Nǔwiwa agbaza tɔn e ma nɔ zɔ́n bɔ è nɔ ɖókan dó lanmɛ na nɔ ganji wu ǎ é: Gbɛzinzan e mɛ è nɔ nɔ ayǐ sɔ́ nɔ ɖókan dó lanmɛ na nɔ ganji wu ǎ é sixu zɔ́n bɔ è nɔ ɖó kansɛ́ɛ́ɛ ɖò anɔ̌nu.

9. Azɔn e nɔ gbà ɖò nǔ e è nɔ dó mɛ lɛ é mɛ é: Azɔn e è nɔ gbà ɖò nǔ e è nɔ dó mɛ lɛ é mɛ é gègě, ɖò taji ɔ, ɖò vǔ ɔ, sixu zɔ́n bɔ kansɛ́ɛ nɔ gblé mɛ.

10. Akɔ́n e ɖò mɛ lɛ é: Asú e ɖò mɛ lɛ é nɔ ɖó awovinú tawun bɔ è nɔ mɔ kansɛ́ɛ.

11. Xwejizɔ́: Azɔn e nɔ hu nyɔnu ɖěɖee jɛ xwejizɔ́ jí ɖò vǔ lɛ é alǒ ee nɔ ɖó xwè nabi ɖé cobo nɔ ɖó xwè nabi ɖé lɛ é nɔ ɖibla syɛn kpɛɖé.

12. Nɔ Na Vǐ Sín Nɔ: Azɔn e nɔ hu vǐ lɛ é nɔ lɛ́ ɖibla syɛn kpɛɖé nú nyɔnu ɖěɖee ma ko na vǐ sín nɔ kpɔ́n gbeɖé ǎ lɛ é.

13. Nǔ e è nɔ dó bló bɔ è ma nɔ jì vǐ ǎ lɛ é: Azɔn e nɔ ɖ'emɛ nú nyɔnu e nɔ zán nǔ e è nɔ dó bló bɔ è ma nɔ jì vǐ ǎ lɛ é é nɔ lɛ́ syɛn kpɛɖé.

É ɖò taji ɖɔ è ni tuùn ɖɔ enyi è ɖó nǔ ɖěɖee nɔ zɔ́n bɔ è nɔ jɛ azɔn mɔhun lɛ é ɖokpo alǒ hú mɔ̌ ɔ, é kún nyí kúnnuɖenú ɖé ɖɔ nyɔnu ɖé na wá mɔ kansɛ́n anɔ̌nu tɔn ó, bɔ nyɔnu gègě e nɔ mɔ kansɛ́n anɔ̌nu tɔn lɛ é lɔ ɖó nǔ ɖěɖee nɔ zɔ́n bɔ è nɔ jɛ azɔn mɔhun lɛ é ɖě ǎ.

Gɔ́ na ɔ, è sixu ɖyɔ nǔ ɖěɖee nɔ zɔ́n bɔ è nɔ ɖó awovinú lɛ é ɖé lɛ ǎ, ɖi xwè e mɛ è ɖó é kpo xwédo mɛ è jì mɛtɔn é kpo; amɔ̌, è sixu ɖyɔ nǔ ɖevo lɛ, ɖi gbɛzinzan mɛtɔn, bo na ɖè awovinú lɛ kpò.

['Nǔ ɖevo lɛ']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Yoneda T: Cellular and molecular basis of preferential metastasis of breast cancer to bone. J Orthop Sci. 2000, 5 (1): 75-81.

Demirci S, Eser E, Ozsaran Z, Tankisi D, Aras AB, Ozaydemir G, Anacak Y: Validation of the Turkish versions of EORTC QLQ-C30 and BR23 modules in breast cancer patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2011, 12 (5): 1283-7.

Kluttig A, Schmidt-Pokrzywniak A: Established and Suspected Risk Factors in Breast Cancer Aetiology. Breast Care (Basel). , 4 (2): 82-87.

Tabar L, Duffy SW, Yen MF, Warwick J, Vitak B, Chen HH, Smith RA: All-cause mortality among breast cancer patients in a screening trial: support for breast cancer mortality as an end point. J Med Screen. 2002, 9 (4): 159-62.

Gonzalez P, Lim JW, Wang-Letzkus M, Flores KF, Allen KM, Castañeda SF, Talavera GA: Breast Cancer Cause Beliefs: Chinese, Korean, and Mexican American Breast Cancer Survivors. West J Nurs Res. 2015, 37 (8): 1081-99.

['Nǔgbɛnúmɛ: dotóoxwé sín']

['Nǔkplɔnkplɔn kpo nǔsisɔ kpo sín azɔ̌ kɛɖɛ wɛ è nɔ wà dó tɛn ɛntɛnɛti tɔn elɔ jí, bo nɔ na wěɖexámɛ dotóoxwé tɔn alǒ azɔ̌ ɖevo lɛ mɛ ǎ.']

['È ɖó na zán nǔ e è kplɔ́n mɛ lɛ é dó ba azɔn ɖé alǒ azɔn ɖé sín wuntun alǒ dó gbɔ na ǎ, bɔ mɛ ɖěɖee jló na ba wěɖexámɛ dotóo tɔn lɛ é ɖó na yì mɔ dotóo e ɖó acɛ bo nɔ wà azɔ̌ ɖò dotóoxwé é ɖé.']

['Mi ni flín ɖɔ nǔ e è nɔ ylɔ ɖɔ "neural net" bo nɔ na xósin nú nǔkanbyɔ lɛ é ɔ, nǔ e nɔ nyí nǔjɛdo tawun é wɛ nyí nǔ ɖěɖee è nɔ ylɔ ɖɔ "numeric content" lɛ é. Ði kpɔ́ndéwú ɔ, mɛ nabi è mɔ azɔn ɖé na é.']

['Nɔ ba wěɖexámɛ dotóo towe tɔn alǒ dotóo ɖevo e ɖó nǔwukpikpé é tɔn dó azɔn ɖé wu hwebǐnu. Ma wɔn wěɖexámɛ dotóo tɔn lɛ gbeɖé ó, alǒ ma lin tamɛ kpɔ́n dó nǔ e a xà ɖò tɛn ɛntɛnɛti tɔn elɔ jí lɛ é wu ó. Enyi a lin ɖɔ azɔn baɖabaɖa ɖé ɖò xwi ɖí xá we wɛ hǔn, ylɔ 911 alǒ yì dotóoxwé e sɛkpɔ we hugǎn é tlolo. Tɛn ɛntɛnɛti tɔn elɔ alǒ nǔ e a nɔ zán lɛ é nɔ zɔ́n bɔ kancica dotóo-azinzɔnnɔ ɖé tɔn nɔ tíìn ǎ. BioMedLib, azɔ̌watɔ́ tɔn lɛ, alǒ mɛ ɖevo ɖebǔ e nɔ wlan nǔ dó tɛn ɛntɛnɛti tɔn elɔ jí lɛ é nɔ ɖè kúnnuɖenú ɖebǔ xlɛ́, bo tlɛ nɔ ɖɔ lɔ ǎ, dó nǔ e è ɖɔ ɖò fí lɛ é alǒ nǔ e è nɔ zán lɛ é wu.']

['Nǔɖògbɛ́jlatɔ́ lɛ']

['Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the DMCA) nɔ na acɛ mɛ e ɖó nǔɖokan yetɔn lɛ é bɔ ye na dó ba nǔɖe bo dó sixu mɔ nǔ e ye ɖó lɛ é ɖò Internet jí.']

["Enyi a ɖi nǔ ɖɔ nǔ ɖĕbǔ ɖò tɛn ɛntɛnɛti tɔn mǐtɔn jí alǒ azɔ̌wiwa mǐtɔn lɛ jí bo hɛn nǔ dó así nú mɛ ɔ, é xò nǔ dó acɛ nǔɖògbɛ́ towe lɛ wu ɔ, hwi (alǒ mɛ e nɔ kpé nukún dó wǔ towe é) sixu sɛ́ wɛn dó mǐ, bo byɔ ɖɔ mǐ ni ɖè nǔ ɖ'emɛ lɛ sín tɛn ɔ jí, alǒ ɖɔ mǐ ni sú ali dó mɛ."]

["È ɖó ná sɛ́ mɛ dó gbɔn email jí (e-mail è nɔ dó ɔ́' kpɔ́n 'Kɔntaktɔ́' ɔ́)."]

['DMCA byɔ ɖɔ ɖɔ nǔ elɔ lɛ ni nɔ akpáxwé nǔ e a ɖɔ é gbà acɛ dó nǔ é tɔn jí é: (1) xó dó azɔ̌ e ɖó acɛ dó nǔ é jí; (2) xó dó nǔ e ɖó acɛ dó nǔ é jí, kpo nǔ ɖevo e na zɔ́n bɔ mǐ na mɔ nǔ ɔ lɛ é kpo; (3) xó dó hwiɖée wu, ɖi adlɛsi towe, alokan towe kpo email towe kpo; (4) xó ɖɔ dó nǔ e wu a ɖi nǔ ɖɔ nǔ e ɖó acɛ dó nǔ e jí a ɖɔ é jí é kún nyí nǔ e ɖó acɛ dó nǔ é jí tɔn ɔ, alǒ mɛ e nɔ kpé nukún dó nǔ é tɔn wu é sín acɛ ó; ']

["(5) Ðɛ́ mɛ̀ è mi sɔ́ alɔ dó ɖ'así ná ɖò hwɛɖɔxɔsá ɔ́' è ɖó ná ɖó hwɛ̀ ɖɔ̀ xó è mi ɖɔ ɖò mɛ̀ è mi dó wèmá ɔ́ mɛ̀ ɔ́' sɔgbe bɔ̀ mi ɖó acɛ̀ bó ná dó ba ɖɔ è ní sú nǔ è è dó wèmá ɔ́ wú lɛ́ɛ sín axɔ́."]

['bɔ (6) alɔ wlanwlan mɛ e ɖó acɛ dó nǔ é tɔn alǒ mɛ e ɖó acɛ bo na wà nǔ dó wutu tɔn é tɔn. ']

['Nú a ma gɔ́ nǔ e ɖò jí lɛ é bǐ ǎ ɔ, é sixu zɔ́n bɔ è na lín có bo na dóhwɛ we.']

['Wǎ kpé mì']

['Mi kɛnklɛn bo sɛ́ nǔkanbyɔ mitɔn lɛ dó mǐ gbɔn e-mail jí.']

What causes breast cancer?

There is no single cause of breast cancer, but several factors can increase the risk of developing the disease.

Some of these factors include:

1. Age: The risk of breast cancer increases as a woman gets older.

2. Family history: A woman's risk of breast cancer is higher if she has a close relative (mother, sister, or daughter) who has had breast cancer.

3. Genetic mutations: Certain inherited gene mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, increase the risk of breast cancer.

4. Reproductive history: Early menstruation, late menopause, and having no children or having the first child after age 30 can increase the risk of breast cancer.

5. Hormone replacement therapy: Women who take hormone replacement therapy for menopause have a higher risk of breast cancer.

6. Alcohol consumption: Drinking alcohol increases the risk of breast cancer.

7. Obesity: Being overweight or obese increases the risk of breast cancer.

8. Physical inactivity: A sedentary lifestyle can increase the risk of breast cancer.

9. Radiation exposure: Exposure to high doses of radiation, particularly during childhood, can increase the risk of breast cancer.

10. Breast density: Women with dense breasts have a higher risk of breast cancer.

11. Menstrual history: Women who started menstruating early or went through menopause late have a slightly higher risk of breast cancer.

12. Breastfeeding: Women who have never breastfed have a slightly higher risk of breast cancer.

13. Birth control: Women who use oral contraceptives have a slightly higher risk of breast cancer.

It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not mean that a woman will definitely develop breast cancer, and many women who develop breast cancer have no known risk factors.

Additionally, some risk factors, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, while others, such as lifestyle factors, can be modified to reduce the risk.

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