What is pathophysiology of Urticaria?

Etɛ ka nyí nǔwukpikpé lanmɛ nɔ dó lanmɛ nú mɛ tɔn nú nǔwukpikpé lanmɛ nɔ dó lanmɛ nú mɛ tɔn nú nǔwukpikpé lanmɛ nɔ dó lanmɛ nú mɛ tɔn?

Azɔnkwín e nɔ nyí hùn ɔ́ wɛ nɔ nyí anyǔ mɛ̀.

Akpáxwé nǔ nɔ zɔ́n bɔ è nɔ mɔ nǔ ɖò lanmɛ lɛ é nɔ nyí histamine kpo nǔ ɖevo lɛ kpo e nɔ zɔ́n bɔ è nɔ mɔ nǔ ɖò lanmɛ lɛ é sín nǔɖògbɛ e nɔ nyí mast cells lɛ é mɛ.

Ðò nǔɖɔbamɛ syɛnsyɛn hwenu ɔ, nǔ e nɔ zɔ́n bɔ è nɔ ɖó sìnvɛ́ ɖò nǔ ɖu wɛ, amasin e è nɔ nu, alǒ nǔvínúví ɖé nɔ ɖu é wɛ nɔ zɔ́n bɔ è nɔ ɖè histamine kpo nǔ ɖevo lɛ kpo tɔ́n.

Enɛ nɔ zɔ́n bɔ nǔkún-yiya-mɛ̀tlu lɛ nɔ ɖè nǔ e nyí histamine é kpo nǔ ɖevo lɛ kpo sín kanmɛ, bɔ kanmɛjɔmɛ lɛ nɔ jɛ dò, bɔ ye nɔ wá ɖó gǒflɛ́mɛ.

Ðò nǔ nɔ nyí hwɛhwɛ bɔ è nɔ ɖó azɔnkwín lɛ é mɛ ɔ, è nɔ tuùn nǔ e wu è ɖó é ǎ, amɔ̌, è lin ɖɔ é kúnkplá lanmɛ syɛnsyɛn e nɔ dó azɔn mɛ é.

Ðò ninɔmɛ enɛ mɛ ɔ, agbaza ɔ nɔ bló nǔ e nɔ cyɔn alɔ agbaza ɔ jí lɛ é bɔ ye nɔ kpé nǔ dó nǔ e nɔ yí IgE lɛ é wu (FcεRI) ɖò nǔ e nɔ yí ye lɛ é jí, bɔ enɛ nɔ zɔ́n bɔ ye nɔ w'azɔ̌ bo nɔ ɖè histamine kpo nǔ ɖevo lɛ kpo tɔ́n.

Ðò nǔɖɔbamɛ syɛnsyɛn kpo ee ma nɔ gbɔjɛ mɛ ǎ é kpo bǐ mɛ ɔ, histamine kpo nǔ ɖevo lɛ kpo nɔ tɔ́n bo nɔ zɔ́n bɔ è nɔ mɔ nǔɖɔbamɛ sín wuntun lɛ, ɖi nǔkanjlɛ́n, kpo nǔsisɔ kpo.

Afin ɔ, è nɔ zán amasin e nɔ hu lanmɛ nú mɛ lɛ é dó sú kún dó nú nǔ e amasin ɔ nɔ wà lɛ é, bo ɖè wuntun lɛ kpò.

Ðò ninɔmɛ syɛnsyɛn lɛ mɛ ɔ, è sixu zán atín ɖevo lɛ ɖi corticosteroid alǒ omalizumab dó kpé nukún dó azɔn ɔ wu.

['Nǔ ɖevo lɛ']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Wahlgren CF: Pathophysiology of itching in urticaria and atopic dermatitis. Allergy. 1992, 47 (2 Pt 1): 65-75.

Raap U, Liekenbröcker T, Wieczorek D, Kapp A, Wedi B: [New therapeutic strategies for the different subtypes of urticaria]. Hautarzt. 2004, 55 (4): 361-6.

[Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of urticaria in children]. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2021, 119 (2): S54-S66.

Marrouche N, Grattan C: Childhood urticaria. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012, 12 (5): 485-90.

Brzoza Z, Grzeszczak W, Rogala B, Trautsolt W, Moczulski D: Possible contribution of chemokine receptor CCR2 and CCR5 polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous autoreactive urticaria. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). , 42 (4): 302-6.

Sweeney TM, Dexter WW: Cholinergic urticaria in a jogger: ruling out exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Phys Sportsmed. 2003, 31 (6): 32-6.

['Nǔgbɛnúmɛ: dotóoxwé sín']

['Nǔkplɔnkplɔn kpo nǔsisɔ kpo sín azɔ̌ kɛɖɛ wɛ è nɔ wà dó tɛn ɛntɛnɛti tɔn elɔ jí, bo nɔ na wěɖexámɛ dotóoxwé tɔn alǒ azɔ̌ ɖevo lɛ mɛ ǎ.']

['È ɖó na zán nǔ e è kplɔ́n mɛ lɛ é dó ba azɔn ɖé alǒ azɔn ɖé sín wuntun alǒ dó gbɔ na ǎ, bɔ mɛ ɖěɖee jló na ba wěɖexámɛ dotóo tɔn lɛ é ɖó na yì mɔ dotóo e ɖó acɛ bo nɔ wà azɔ̌ ɖò dotóoxwé é ɖé.']

['Mi ni flín ɖɔ nǔ e è nɔ ylɔ ɖɔ "neural net" bo nɔ na xósin nú nǔkanbyɔ lɛ é ɔ, nǔ e nɔ nyí nǔjɛdo tawun é wɛ nyí nǔ ɖěɖee è nɔ ylɔ ɖɔ "numeric content" lɛ é. Ði kpɔ́ndéwú ɔ, mɛ nabi è mɔ azɔn ɖé na é.']

['Nɔ ba wěɖexámɛ dotóo towe tɔn alǒ dotóo ɖevo e ɖó nǔwukpikpé é tɔn dó azɔn ɖé wu hwebǐnu. Ma wɔn wěɖexámɛ dotóo tɔn lɛ gbeɖé ó, alǒ ma lin tamɛ kpɔ́n dó nǔ e a xà ɖò tɛn ɛntɛnɛti tɔn elɔ jí lɛ é wu ó. Enyi a lin ɖɔ azɔn baɖabaɖa ɖé ɖò xwi ɖí xá we wɛ hǔn, ylɔ 911 alǒ yì dotóoxwé e sɛkpɔ we hugǎn é tlolo. Tɛn ɛntɛnɛti tɔn elɔ alǒ nǔ e a nɔ zán lɛ é nɔ zɔ́n bɔ kancica dotóo-azinzɔnnɔ ɖé tɔn nɔ tíìn ǎ. BioMedLib, azɔ̌watɔ́ tɔn lɛ, alǒ mɛ ɖevo ɖebǔ e nɔ wlan nǔ dó tɛn ɛntɛnɛti tɔn elɔ jí lɛ é nɔ ɖè kúnnuɖenú ɖebǔ xlɛ́, bo tlɛ nɔ ɖɔ lɔ ǎ, dó nǔ e è ɖɔ ɖò fí lɛ é alǒ nǔ e è nɔ zán lɛ é wu.']

['Nǔɖògbɛ́jlatɔ́ lɛ']

['Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the DMCA) nɔ na acɛ mɛ e ɖó nǔɖokan yetɔn lɛ é bɔ ye na dó ba nǔɖe bo dó sixu mɔ nǔ e ye ɖó lɛ é ɖò Internet jí.']

["Enyi a ɖi nǔ ɖɔ nǔ ɖĕbǔ ɖò tɛn ɛntɛnɛti tɔn mǐtɔn jí alǒ azɔ̌wiwa mǐtɔn lɛ jí bo hɛn nǔ dó así nú mɛ ɔ, é xò nǔ dó acɛ nǔɖògbɛ́ towe lɛ wu ɔ, hwi (alǒ mɛ e nɔ kpé nukún dó wǔ towe é) sixu sɛ́ wɛn dó mǐ, bo byɔ ɖɔ mǐ ni ɖè nǔ ɖ'emɛ lɛ sín tɛn ɔ jí, alǒ ɖɔ mǐ ni sú ali dó mɛ."]

["È ɖó ná sɛ́ mɛ dó gbɔn email jí (e-mail è nɔ dó ɔ́' kpɔ́n 'Kɔntaktɔ́' ɔ́)."]

['DMCA byɔ ɖɔ ɖɔ nǔ elɔ lɛ ni nɔ akpáxwé nǔ e a ɖɔ é gbà acɛ dó nǔ é tɔn jí é: (1) xó dó azɔ̌ e ɖó acɛ dó nǔ é jí; (2) xó dó nǔ e ɖó acɛ dó nǔ é jí, kpo nǔ ɖevo e na zɔ́n bɔ mǐ na mɔ nǔ ɔ lɛ é kpo; (3) xó dó hwiɖée wu, ɖi adlɛsi towe, alokan towe kpo email towe kpo; (4) xó ɖɔ dó nǔ e wu a ɖi nǔ ɖɔ nǔ e ɖó acɛ dó nǔ e jí a ɖɔ é jí é kún nyí nǔ e ɖó acɛ dó nǔ é jí tɔn ɔ, alǒ mɛ e nɔ kpé nukún dó nǔ é tɔn wu é sín acɛ ó; ']

["(5) Ðɛ́ mɛ̀ è mi sɔ́ alɔ dó ɖ'así ná ɖò hwɛɖɔxɔsá ɔ́' è ɖó ná ɖó hwɛ̀ ɖɔ̀ xó è mi ɖɔ ɖò mɛ̀ è mi dó wèmá ɔ́ mɛ̀ ɔ́' sɔgbe bɔ̀ mi ɖó acɛ̀ bó ná dó ba ɖɔ è ní sú nǔ è è dó wèmá ɔ́ wú lɛ́ɛ sín axɔ́."]

['bɔ (6) alɔ wlanwlan mɛ e ɖó acɛ dó nǔ é tɔn alǒ mɛ e ɖó acɛ bo na wà nǔ dó wutu tɔn é tɔn. ']

['Nú a ma gɔ́ nǔ e ɖò jí lɛ é bǐ ǎ ɔ, é sixu zɔ́n bɔ è na lín có bo na dóhwɛ we.']

['Wǎ kpé mì']

['Mi kɛnklɛn bo sɛ́ nǔkanbyɔ mitɔn lɛ dó mǐ gbɔn e-mail jí.']

What is pathophysiology of urticaria?

Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by the appearance of itchy, raised, red welts (wheals) on the skin.

The pathophysiology of urticaria involves the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators from mast cells, which are immune cells found in the skin and other tissues.

In acute urticaria, the release of histamine and other mediators is triggered by an allergic reaction to a specific allergen, such as food, medication, or insect sting.

This causes the mast cells to degranulate, releasing histamine and other mediators that cause blood vessels to become leaky, leading to the formation of wheals.

In chronic urticaria, the cause is often unknown, but it is thought to be related to an autoimmune mechanism.

In this case, the body produces autoantibodies that target the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) on mast cells, leading to their activation and the release of histamine and other mediators.

In both acute and chronic urticaria, the release of histamine and other mediators leads to the characteristic symptoms of itching, redness, and swelling.

Treatment typically involves the use of antihistamines to block the effects of histamine and reduce symptoms.

In severe cases, other medications such as corticosteroids or omalizumab may be used to control the condition.

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